Male Sexual Function After Pediatric Kidney Transplantation—A Cross-sectional Nationwide Study

BackgroundData on adult sexual functioning after kidney transplantation (KTx) during childhood or adolescence are scarce.AimTo assess the long-term sexual and psychosocial quality of life after pediatric KTx.Methods29 young men (median age 27.1 years) were examined 18.7 years (median) after KTx. 56 age-matched healthy men (median age 30.0 years) served as controls.OutcomeWe studied the influence of sociodemographics, previous renal replacement therapy, current reproductive hormonal serum levels, testicular size, and data on several validated mental and physical questionnaires on participants' Derogatis Interview for Sexual Functioning self-report scores.ResultsThe KTx recipients had significantly poorer sexual functioning than their healthy peers. KTx men had less frequent sexual activity with a partner (P = .03) and poorer orgasms (P = .002) than the controls but no erectile dysfunction (P = .5).Clinical implicationsDepressive symptoms, relationship status, and longer dialysis duration predicted poor adult sexual functioning in KTx recipients, whereas age at transplantation or at the time of the study did not.Strengths & LimitationsThis study contributes extended follow-up data to the very scarce literature on adult sexual functioning in pediatric KTx recipients. Relatively small population and low participation rate limit the comprehensive data interpretation in a population-based cohort of male KTx recipients.ConclusionSexual functioning is often impaired in young men after pediatric KTx, emphasizing the need for long-term monitoring of sexual health and sexuality as important dimensions of quality of life.Tainio J, Jahnukainen T, Jalanko H, et al. Male Sexual Function After Pediatric Kidney Transplantation—A Cross-sectional Nationwide Study. J Sex Med 2020;17:2104–2107.     

丹参川芎嗪注射液联合西药对急性缺血性脑卒中患者脑组织的保护作用及对预后的影响

目的:观察丹参川芎嗪注射液联合西药治疗对急性缺血性脑卒中患者脑组织的保护作用及对预后的影响。方法:以268例急性缺血性脑卒中患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组各134例,2组均予西药治疗,研究组予以丹参川芎嗪注射液联合治疗,2组均随访至12周。治疗前后检测2组患者的血清炎症相关因子[超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6 (IL-6)、白细胞介素-8 (IL-8)]、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)和S-100β水平,随访评定患者治疗12周内的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分和日常生活能力量表(BI)评分。结果:治疗3周,2组hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平均低于入院时(P<0.01);研究组各因子水平均低于对照组(P<0.01)。2组血清NSE和S-100β水平均较入院时降低(P<0.01),而VEGF水平较入院时升高(P<0.01)。研究组血清NSE和S-100β水平均低于对照组,VEGF水平高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2组治疗后一时间点的NIHSS评分均低于同组治疗前一时间点(P<0.01),而2组治疗后一时间点的BI评分均高于同组治疗前一时间点水平(P<0.01)。治疗6周和12周,研究组的NIHSS评分均低于对照组(P<0.01),而BI评分均高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:丹参川芎嗪注射液联合西药治疗可以有效减轻急性缺血性脑卒中患者的血管炎症反应程度、血管内皮细胞和脑组织的损伤程度,促进大脑神经细胞修复,提高患者卒中后的生活能力,防止卒中后肢体发生功能障碍,改善患者预后。     

头颈部恶性肿瘤嗜神经侵袭临床诊治现状

嗜神经侵袭是肿瘤通过神经扩散与转移的一种独特的生物学行为,与复发、转移、预后密切相关。随着研究的不断深入,人们普遍认识到嗜神经侵袭的临床意义。但由于头颈部肿瘤发病率相对较低,不同解剖部位、不同病理类型嗜神经发生率各不相同,故缺乏高级别的循证医学证据。目前嗜神经侵袭的病理学机制尚未完全阐明,也无针对神经侵犯的特异性治疗手段,因此头颈部肿瘤嗜神经侵袭的治疗对于临床医师是一个巨大的挑战。本文就头颈部恶性肿瘤中嗜神经侵袭的临床诊治现状做一综述。     

放射治疗记录与验证系统质量控制指南

放疗记录与验证系统(RVS)是一套用于防止医用电子加速器等放疗设备治疗参数设置错误,并且记录所有放疗阶段执行参数的医用计算机软件控制系统。为确保患者的治疗安全,必须对记录与验证系统采取必要的质量控制措施。本指南内容涉及:RVS安装和参数设定过程中的质量控制;RVS的验收测试;RVS在临床使用过程中的持续质量控制;使用RVS过程中的典型错误类型;执行RVS验收测试的具体测试例。     

基于MRI动态图像观察吞咽时器官动度对头颈部肿瘤调强放疗靶区影响

目的 利用MRI技术连续采集头颈部肿瘤患者吞咽时图像,观察并测量软腭、舌、喉的运动规律及最大活动度。方法 随机选取2018年7月-10月在中国医学科学院肿瘤医院接受调强放疗的原发头颈部恶性肿瘤20例患者,其中男17例、女3例,中位年龄58.5岁(28~78岁)。20例患者中鼻咽癌7例,口腔癌3例,口咽癌5例,下咽癌3例,鼻腔鼻旁窦2例。根据AJCC第八版分期Ⅰ-Ⅱ期患者2例,Ⅲ期8例,Ⅳ期10例。结果 吞咽时软腭向上移动移动距离为(1.06±0.31) cm且服从正态分布,向后移动距离为(0.83±0.24) cm且近似正态分布。舌体向后移动距离为(0.77±0.22) cm,且服从正态分布。含压舌板行图像采集患者舌上移位移为0,无压舌板患者舌体中位上移距离为1.23 cm (0.59~1.41 cm)。喉向上移动距离为(1.14±0.22) cm且服从正态分布,向前移动的中位距离为0.4 cm (0.27~0.90 cm)。结论 吞咽运动有可能发生于头颈部肿瘤患者放疗过程中,并引起大体肿瘤体积(GTV)及周围正常组织移动;因此在制定放疗计划时应注意GTV至PGTV的个体化外放距离,以保证肿瘤处方剂量。     

基因间长链非编码RNA152靶向微小RNA?103a?3p对非小细胞肺癌细胞增殖和侵袭迁移的影响

目的探讨基因间长链非编码RNA 152(LINC00152)靶向调控微小RNA-103a-3p(miR-103a-3p)表达及对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)细胞增殖和侵袭迁移的影响。方法采用实时定量PCR(QPCR)检测正常肺上皮细胞BEAS-2B及NSCLC细胞(ANIP-973、NCI-H157、A549和NCI-H1975)的LINC00152水平。选取LINC00152水平最高的细胞分别转染LINC00152特异性小干扰RNA(si-LINC00152组)或无关序列(si-NC组),另设未转染细胞为对照组。QPCR检测LINC00152水平,活细胞计数CCK-8法、Transwell小室和划痕实验测定细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移能力,Western blotting检测基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2、MMP-9和第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源基因(PTEN)的水平;荧光素酶报告实验验证LINC00152靶向结合miR-103a-3p的能力。结果NSCLC细胞的LINC00152水平均高于BEAS-2B细胞(P<0.05),尤其是NCI-H1975细胞的最高。si-LINC00152组的LINC00152水平为0.352±0.087,低于对照组的1.058±0.219和si-NC组的1.126±0.139(P<0.05)。与si-NC组和对照组相比,si-LINC00152组NCI-H1975细胞转染48、72 h的增殖活力下降(P<0.05);si-LINC00152组的划痕愈合率和穿膜细胞数分别为(27.386±2.428)%和(78.840±5.031)个,低于si-NC组的(77.675±4.803)%和(179.208±13.264)个及对照组的(76.371±5.385)%和(174.003±15.678)个(P<0.05);与si-NC组和对照组相比,si-LINC00152组的MMP-2和MMP-9水平均降低,而PTEN水平升高(P<0.05)。对照组和si-NC组上述指标的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。双荧光素酶报告分析证实,miR-103a-3p模拟物降低了野生型LINC00152的荧光素酶活性(P<0.05),但对突变型无影响(P>0.05)。结论LINC00152在NSCLC细胞中高表达并发挥促癌作用,与NSCLC的迁移侵袭密切相关,LINC00152与miR-103a-3p间的相互作用在NSCLC靶向治疗中有一定潜能。     

“Evaluation of a Very Low-Cost and Simple Teleradiology Technique”

This paper describes and analyzes a proposed solution of fundamental limitative factor of teleradiology to overcome the teleradiology usages problems in underdeveloped and developing countries. The goal is to achieve a very simple and cost-efficient way to take advantage of teleradiology in anywhere even in remote and rural areas. To meet the goal of this study, the following methodology which is consists of two main procedures was done: (1) Using a digital camera in order to provide a digital image from radiographs. (2) Using an image compression tool in order to compress digital images. The results showed that there is no significant difference between digital images (non-compress and compress images) and radiographic films. Also, there was a logic relationship between the diagnostic quality and diagnostic accuracy. Since the maximum percent of diagnostic accuracy can be seen among “Good” quality images and the minimum to was related “Poor”. The results of our study indicate that a digital camera could be utilized to capture digital images from radiographic films of chest x-ray. To reduce the size of digital images, a lossy compression technique could be applied at compression percent of 50 or less without any significant differences. The compressed images can be sent easily by email to other places for consultation and also they can be stored with a smaller size.     

不同波形低频率电刺激对小鼠海马电点燃癫痫的作用比较

目的观察比较不同脉冲波形的低频率电刺激对海马电点燃癫痫模型小鼠的作用差异。方法采用电点燃刺激法建立小鼠癫痫模型, 观察正弦波、单相方波、双相方波低频率电刺激对模型小鼠癫痫行为发作及后放电持续时间的影响, 并比较不同时间点给予正弦波低频率电刺激的抗癫痫作用。结果与对照组比较, 正弦波低频率电刺激30 s能降低小鼠海马电点燃癫痫发作等级(2.85 ± 0.27 vs 4.75 ±0.12, P < 0.05)、减少大发作概率(53.6% vs 96.5%, P < 0.01) 和缩短后放电持续时间[(16.22 ± 1.69) s vs (30.29 ± 1.12) s, P < 0.01], 而单相方波和双相方波低频率电刺激30 s没有明显的抗癫痫作用。常用的单相方波低频率电刺激15 min能降低小鼠海马电点燃发作等级(3.58 ± 0.16, P < 0.05)、减少大发作概率(66.7%, P < 0.01);但对海马后放电持续时间及大发作持续时间无影响(均 P>0.05)。此外, 电点燃刺激前预先给予或结束后3 s内给予正弦波低频率电刺激具有明显的抗癫痫作用( P < 0.05或 P < 0.01), 而电点燃刺激结束10 s给予正弦波低频率电刺激则无上述抗癫痫作用。 结论低频率电刺激抗癫痫作用受波形参数的影响, 其中正弦波低频率电刺激能有效抑制小鼠海马电点燃癫痫的发作。