Non-invasive coronary computed tomographic angiography for patients with suspected coronary artery disease: the Coronary Angiography by Computed Tomography with the Use of a Submillimeter resolution (CACTUS) trial.

BACKGROUND: Non-invasive coronary angiography by multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) is a promising method for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the clinical role of this method has not been established for specific patient cohorts. Therefore, the objective of the current prospective, blinded study was to investigate the diagnostic value of coronary MSCT angiography in patients with an intermediate pre-test probability for having CAD when compared with invasive angiography. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 243 patients with an intermediate pre-test probability for having CAD were asked to undergo coronary 16- or 64-slice CT angiography before planned invasive angiography from 12 September 2003 to 13 July 2005. The primary end point was defined as the diagnostic accuracy in the detection of significant coronary stenosis (> or =50% lumen diameter reduction) on a per-patient and an 'intention-to-diagnose'-based analysis. Secondary end points comprised per-artery and per segment-based analyses as well as the comparison of diagnostic accuracy of 16- vs. 64-slice MSCT angiography. Of 243 enrolled patients, 129 and 114 patients were studied by 16- and 64-slice CT angiography, respectively. The overall sensitivity, negative predictive value, and specificity for CAD detection by MSCT were 99% (95% CI, 94-99%), 99% (95% CI, 94-99%), and 75% (95% CI, 67-82%), respectively. On a per-segment basis, the use of 64-slice CT was associated with significantly less inconclusive segments (7.4 vs. 11.3%, P < 0.01), resulting in a trend to an improved specificity (92 vs. 88%, P = 0.09). CONCLUSION: In patients with an intermediate pre-test probability for having CAD this large, prospective trial demonstrates that non-invasive coronary CT angiography is a very sensitive method for CAD detection. Furthermore, this method allows ruling out CAD very reliably and safely. Finally, 64-slice CT appears to be superior for CAD detection when compared with 16-slice CT.     

ATP生物荧光法监测手卫生效果指标的研究

目的研究ATP生物荧光法监测手卫生效果指标。方法 6家医疗机构在岗工作的医务人员812名,经过六步洗手法,采用ATP仪器检测。100名医务人员在工作1小时以上未洗手情况下,随机分为洗手组和非洗手组,分别采用ATP仪器检测。结果 812个"手卫生"样本,采用ATP仪器测定结果 RLU范围为1¹ 466,中位数是20,算术均数为59。P95=238,P90=146。分布不呈正态分布。男性高于女性,手的大小有差别。采用238 RLU作为手卫生参考值,其敏感度0.86;特异度0.92;准确度0.89。结论以238RLU作为ATP生物荧光法监测手卫生效果指标可行。     

MRA检查在脑梗死诊断中的敏感性与特异性研究

目的：探讨MR血管造影术（MRA）在脑梗死中的应用价值。方法：选取120例已经过DSA检查确诊的脑梗死患者,并与其术前脑血管MRA检查结果进行分析比较。结果：以DSA为标准,MRA对诊断脑梗死的敏感性83.3%,特异性93.6%,符合率91.4%,MRA与DSA检出率有一致性。结论：MRA与DSA检查结果之间有较高的符合率,可作为脑梗死诊断的重要参考。     

MiR-129-5p通过靶定胸苷酸合成酶调节结肠癌细胞对5-氟尿嘧啶的敏感性

目的 研究miR-129-5p通过靶定胸苷酸合成酶（TYMS）调控结肠癌细胞对5-氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）敏感性的分子机制.方法 构建结肠癌耐药细胞株LoVo/5-Fu,并用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测miR-129-5p的表达水平.流式细胞术和MTT毒性实验检测过表达miR-129-5p对LoVo/5-Fu凋亡和半数致死剂量（IC50）的影响.构建TYMS 3＇UTR区荧光素酶报告载体,验证miR-129-5p对TYMS的靶向调控作用.Western Blot检测转染miR-129-5p后LoVo/5-Fu细胞中TYMS的蛋白表达.在LoVo/5-Fu内转染miR-129-5P siRNA,抑制其表达,检测LoVo/5-Fu细胞的IC50和凋亡.结果 过表达miR-129-5p后,LoVo/5-Fu细胞用5-Fu处理后凋亡增加,IC50降低.荧光素酶活性检测表明miR-129-5p能够抑制TYMS的荧光素酶活性.在LoVo/5-Fu细胞中miR-129-5p与TYMS的表达呈负相关.敲减TYMS后,LoVo/5-Fu细胞用5-Fu处理后凋亡增加,IC50降低.结论 MiR-129-5p能够通过靶定TYMS而增加结肠癌细胞对5-Fu的敏感性.     

Limitations of SARC-F in the diagnosis of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults

PurposeThe SARC-F is a recommended screening tool for sarcopenia; however, its sensitivity is reported to be very low. This study aimed to confirm the diagnostic efficacy of the SARC-F and whether it is affected by population characteristics.MethodsIn this study, 2 cohorts of 1060 community-dwelling older adults, who were monitored by the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, were included. In addition to the overall dataset, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to obtain the SARC-F results for sarcopenia among the datasets for only those older in age (over 75 years), those with higher frailty points (above the median total score for the Kihon Checklist points), those with lower grip strength (below the median), lower gait speed (below the median), and those with comorbidities (hypertension, cerebral vascular disease, heart disease, and diabetes mellitus).ResultsIn the overall dataset, sensitivity and specificity were 3.9% and 97.3%, respectively. In analyzing the area under the curve, sensitivity and specificity for older age and low physical function datasets were significant, but had low values. The diabetes dataset had higher values but did not effectively diagnose sarcopenia at a cutoff value of 4.ConclusionThe SARC-F had high specificity for the diagnosis of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults with low physical function. However, its sensitivity was low. Despite these limitations, it may be used as a screening tool for sarcopenia in selected populations, such as adults in hospitals or nursing homes.     

结核分枝杆菌感染T细胞斑点试验对淋巴结结核的辅助诊断价值研究

目的 探讨评价结核分枝杆菌感染T细胞斑点试验（T-SPOT.TB）对淋巴结结核的辅助诊断价值.方法 本研究募集北京胸科医院2011年7月至2013年12月收治住院的淋巴结肿大患者185例,最终分为确诊结核性淋巴结组（51例）、非结核性淋巴结疾病组（105例）,其余诊断不明确或临床诊断淋巴结结核患者予以剔除.所有患者均行外周血T-SPOT.TB及免疫印迹法检测结核分枝杆菌抗体.采用SPSS 17.0进行统计学分析,非正态分布的计量资料数据用中位数（上下四分位数）[M（P25,P75）]表示,两组间斑点形成个数（SFCs）数据比较采用Mann WhitneyU检验,组间样本率的比较采用x2检验,以P＜0.05为差异具有统计学意义.结果 T-SPOT.TB和免疫印迹法检测结核分枝杆菌抗体的敏感度分别为92.2％（47/51）和60.8％（31/51）,特异度分别为79.0％（83/105）和77.1％（81/105）,T-SPOT.TB敏感度显著高于免疫印迹法检测结核分枝杆菌抗体方法,差异有统计学意义（x2=13.95,P＜0.01）.结核分枝杆菌特异抗原刺激下结核性淋巴结组SFCs中位数为242个（57,621个）/106外周血单个核细胞（PBMCs）,非结核性淋巴结疾病组SFCs中位数为0个（0,20个）/106 PBMCs,结核性淋巴结组SFCs数量显著高于非结核性淋巴结疾病组,应用Mann Whitney U检验,两组间差异具有统计学意义（U=472.0,P＜0.01）.在T-SPOT.TB结果阳性的69例患者中,47例结核性淋巴结患者SFCs的M（P25,P75）为280个（98,684个）/106 PBMCs,显著高于对照组22例非结核性淋巴结疾病患者SFCs的M（P25,P75）52个（35,93个）/106 PBMCs（U=146.5,P＜0.01）.结论 T-SPOT.TB方法在淋巴结结核的诊断中有着较高的敏感度,有可能成为淋巴结结核辅助诊断的一项重要手段.     

简体中文版功能评分指数在下腰痛患者中的应用及信度效度测量

目的探讨中文版功能评分指数（SC-FRI）对下腰痛患者的应用价值,评估其用于国人的信度和效度。方法按照国际指南将FRI翻译成中文并进行跨文化调试。采用经调试确定的SC-FRI、中文版Oswestry功能障碍指数（SC-ODI）、SF-36健康调查量表（SF-36）和视觉模拟量表（VAS）对2010年12月至2011年3月于长海医院骨科门诊就诊、符合病例选择标准的115例下腰痛患者进行疼痛和功能状态的自我评估。检验其内部一致性、重测信度、同时标准效度和结构效度。结果 SC-FRI有非常高的完成率（96%）,无天花板和地板现象,具有良好的内部一致性（Cronbachα系数=0.897,去除一个条目后为0.851~0.890）和重测信度（组内相关系数ICC=0.948,95%CI=0.917~0.968）。同时标准效度分析证实SC-FRI与SC-ODI、VAS有高度相关性（r=0.958,0.852）;结构效度结果提示SC-FRI和SF-36中的躯体功能、躯体疼痛、社会功能、物理职能、总体健康有较高相关性（r=-0.802,-0.698,-0.573,-0.565,-0.435）。结论 SC-FRI具有十分良好的信度和效度,简单易行,可用于对国内下腰痛患者疼痛和功能状态的评估。     

中文改编版颈部疼痛和残疾量表的信度和效度

目的评估中文改编版颈部疼痛和残疾量表（SC-NPAD）的信度和效度。方法将颈部疼痛和残疾量表翻译、修订成中文版,对2008年5月至2009年3月117例第二军医大学附属长海医院骨科门诊患者进行测试,其中106例（90．1%）患者完成问卷。对量表进行因子分析,定义分量表并评估其内部一致性。第一次完成问卷5～7d,随机选择36例患者对应发放第二份问卷,共35例进入重复性测试;同时对SF-36健康调查量表（SF-36）进行发放和回收。对SC-NPAD和SF-36量表进行相关性分析。结果因子分析结果表明,SC-NPAD4个分量表——“疼痛”、“残疾”、“颈部特殊功能”和“情感和认知的影响”的内部一致性分别为0．935、0．952、0．955和0．910,重测信度良好（r=0．813,P=0．000）。SC-NPAD的所有分量表与SF-36及其生理功能、社会功能、物理职能、活力、躯体疼痛等5个独立域明显相关。结论SC-NPAD具有良好的信度和效度,适用于对中国颈部疼痛人群的评估。