黄珠子草有效成分短叶苏木酚及8,9-单环氧短叶苏木酚对大鼠肝损伤的保护作用

目的:探讨黄珠子草有效成分短叶苏木酚及8,9-单环氧短叶苏木酚保肝作用及机制。方法:SD大鼠ip四氯化碳(CCl ₄)或ig乙醇造成急性和慢性肝损伤,比色分析法检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、门冬氨酸转移酶(AST)和总胆红素(TB IL)水平评价肝功能;分别用硫代巴比妥酸比色法和黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定血清、肝脏组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,并观察对血液流变学参数的影响。结果:短叶苏木酚和8,9-单环氧短叶苏木酚对CC l₄致ALT升高均有降低作用,对AST升高无明显影响;亦可拮抗乙醇诱致的大鼠血清TB IL的病理性升高;对肝损伤大鼠血清和肝脏MDA的升高、SOD活性的降低呈现出不同的改善作用;降低异常升高的血液流变学各项指标。结论:黄珠子草有效成分短叶苏木酚及8,9-单环氧短叶苏木酚对急慢性肝损伤具有保护作用,其机制与对抗自由基脂质过氧化及改善血液循环有关。     

叶下珠提取工艺的研究

目的优选叶下珠的提取工艺.方法采用正交试验法,以总黄酮含量为检测指标优选叶下珠提取工艺的最佳条件.结果影响提取的主次因素为D＞A＞B＞C(A为乙醇浓度,B为乙醇用量,C为提取时间,D为提取次数).最佳提取条件为7倍量70%乙醇,提取3次,每次2 h.结论优选得到的工艺稳定可行.     

叶下珠多酚化合物的分离与鉴定

目的：研究叶下珠的化学成分。方法：色谱法分离纯化,现代波谱法鉴定结构。结果和结论：分离鉴定了1个新的多酚类,定名为叶下珠素F。     

余甘子加工沉淀固废物中活性成分鉴定与提取工艺优化

目的:研究余甘子鲜汁沉淀物的化学组成与资源化物质鞣花酸的提取纯化工艺。方法:收集余甘子鲜汁沉淀物,采用能谱仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和超高效液相色谱与串联四极杆飞行时间质谱联用技术（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS）分析余甘子鲜汁沉淀物的化学成分;以鞣花酸含量为指标,分别采用醇提法、酶提法、碱溶酸沉法对鞣花酸进行提取纯化,且通过单因素实验优化筛选提取工艺。结果:红外分析表明,余甘子鲜汁沉淀物具有C、O元素,苯环、酚羟基等基本结构;UPLC-Q-TOF-MS结果表明,沉淀物的主要成分为鞣花酸、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯等,且鞣花酸占比最高,为39.91%;提取工艺优化结果显示,碱溶酸沉法为较优工艺,进一步优化后得到最佳工艺参数为料液比1:40、NaOH浓度2%、超声提取时间20 min,该条件下得到的提取物中鞣花酸含量为47.38%,纯度为94.22%。扫描电镜观察表明,鞣花酸提取物粉末中有大量柱状结晶,推测为鞣花酸分子平面聚合形成。结论:余甘子鲜汁沉淀物中鞣花酸天然丰度高,可作为鞣花酸天然来源途径之一。所得到的鞣花酸提取纯化工艺步骤简单、可操作性强、成本较低、含量及纯度较高,适宜用于余甘子鲜汁固废物中鞣花酸的富集。     

乙型肝炎相关肝癌的癌前病变早期干预的临床研究

肝癌前变是指一种很易发生癌变的组织病理学异常[1].近5年来,我们对影像学诊断为再生或不良结节的乙型肝炎肝硬化患者进行复方叶下珠干预和临床观察,试图为肝癌前病变提供一种简易的诊断方法与疗效判断指标.     

叶下珠和苦味叶下珠指纹图谱的建立及比较

目的：建立叶下珠和苦味叶下珠指纹图谱,为其是否可以混用或代替使用提出物质基础的依据。方法：采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）,色谱柱为INDUSTRIES Epic C₁₈ 120A（5μm,250 mm×4.6 mm）;流动相为乙腈（A）-水（0.1%磷酸,V/V）二元梯度洗脱;检测波长为254 nm;流速为1 mL·min^-1;柱温为30℃;进样量为10 μL。结果：建立了叶下珠和苦味叶下珠指纹图谱。结论：该方法简便、准确、重现性好,为其混用或代替使用提出物质基础的依据。     

Comparative hepatoprotective activity of three Phyllanthus species,P. urinaria,P. niruri and P. simplex,on carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury in the rat

The effect of alcohol extracts of three Phyllanthus species was compared on carbon tetrachloride-induced (chronic) hepatic damage in rats. Alcohol extracts of P. niruri, P. urinaria and P. simplex were administered orally at three different doses. Statistically significant reversal of the elevated serum levels of transaminases (GOT and GPT) were used as the biochemical indices for hepatoprotection. The results of the study indicated that only the extracts of P. niruri and P. urinaria afforded protection of liver in the chronic model. The hepatoprotective activity of P. urinaria is about 60% in comparison with P. niruri. Therefore, P. urinaria may be considered as a good substitute for P. niruri in cases of liver disorders in actual practice.     

叶下珠复方Ⅱ号对四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的观察叶下珠复方Ⅱ号对四氯化碳(CCl4)致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法72只昆明小鼠(KM小鼠)随机分为正常组、模型组、叶下珠复方Ⅱ号高剂量组(6.04 g/kg)、中剂量组(3.02 g/kg)、低剂量组(0.604 g/kg)和联苯双酯组(150 mg/kg),给药7 d后,除正常组外,其余各组小鼠均按10 m L/kg腹腔注射0.12%CCl4大豆油溶液,16 h后取小鼠血清,检测丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性;取肝组织,观察肝组织病理改变,并检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH)和丙二醛(MDA)水平变化。结果与模型组比较,叶下珠复方Ⅱ号高、中剂量组可显著降低急性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST活性(P0.01或P0.05),显著减轻肝组织病理改变,并提高肝组织SOD活性(P0.01或P0.05),降低肝组织MDA水平(P0.01)。结论叶下珠复方Ⅱ号对CCl4诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤有较好的保护作用,其作用机制与抗脂质过氧化损伤有关。     

Synergistic growth inhibitory effects of Phyllanthus emblica and Terminalia bellerica extracts with conventional cytotoxic agents：Doxorubicin and cisplatin against human hepatocellular carcinoma and lung cancer cells

AIM： To examine the growth inhibitory effects of Phyllanthus emblica （P. emblica） and Terminalia bellerica （T. bellerica） extracts on human hepatocellular carcinoma （HepG2）, and lung carcinoma （A549） cells and their synergistic effect with doxorubicin or cisplatin. METHODS： HepG2 and A549 cells were treated with P. emblica and T. bellerica extracts either alone or in combination with doxorubicin or cisplatin and effects on cell growth were determined using the sulforhodamine B （SRB） assay. The isobologram and combination index （CI） method of Chou-Talalay were used to evaluate interactions between plant extracts and drugs. RESULTS： P. emblica and T. bellerica extracts demonstrated growth inhibitory activity, with a certain degree of selectivity against the two cancer cell lines tested. Synergistic effects （CI 〈 1） for P. emblica /doxorubicin or cisplatin at different dose levels were demonstrated in A549 and HepG2 cells. The T. bellerica/ cisplatin or doxorubicin also showed synergistic effects in A549 and HepG2 cells. In some instances, the combinations resulted in antagonistic effects. The dose reduction level was different and specific to each combination and cell line. CONCLUSION： The growth inhibitory activity of doxorubicin or cisplatin, as a single agent, may be modified by combinations of P. emblica or T. bellerica extracts and be synergistically enhanced in some cases. Depending on the combination ratio, the doses for each drug for a given degree of effect in the combination may be reduced. The mechanisms involved in this interaction between chemotherapeutic drugs and plant extracts remain unclear and should be further evaluated.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Phyllanthus maderaspatensis</Emphasis>, a dietary supplement for the amelioration of adriamycin-induced toxicity and oxidative stress in mice

The effect of ethanol extract of Phyllanthus maderaspatensis (PME), a popular south Indian dietary supplement, was studied for its chemoprotective property on adriamycin (ADR)-induced toxicity and oxidative stress in mice. Adriamycin toxicity was evaluated biochemically by measuring the serum concentration of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatinine phosphokinase (CPK). Genotoxicity was evaluated by measuring the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) in bone marrow cells. Oxidative stress in the heart tissue was estimated by measuring the glutathione (GSH) levels in the homogenate. The treatment of mice with different doses of PME (400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg body weight, p.o.,) for 7 days before the administration of a single i.p. dose of ADR (15 mg/kg) exhibited significant protection in a dose-dependent manner. The results clearly indicate that PME has a protective effect against ADR-induced toxicity, as revealed by the decrease in the concentrations of LDH, CPK, and the frequency of MNPCEs. The increased levels of GSH are indicative of the antioxidant property of PME.