论中药复方缓控释制剂随方同步/异步释放行为评价模式的创新与商建

中药缓控释制剂的体外释放行为评价一直是制约中药缓控释制剂发展的难点问题与热点问题,为从整体角度对中药复方缓控释制剂的体外释放行为进行评价,在回顾分析现有评价模式利弊的基础上,借鉴多元校正灰色分析计量原理,前瞻性地提出了基于“物质粗糙集”的中药复方缓控释制剂随方同步/异步释放行为评价模式,以合理评价制剂释放过程复方化学物质总量的动态变化特征,建立符合中药复方复杂特点的缓控释制剂释放行为评价模式。     

先秦儒家生命伦理的深层意蕴及其对现当代生命伦理的启示

先秦儒家的生命伦理思想涵盖了“贵生爱物”的生命观、“乐生哀死”的生死观和“修身进取”的养生观等几个方面,构成自己较为完整的思想体系。它纵贯天人、横通群己,既向我们昭示了生命的本质所在和境界追求,亦在实践层面为我们确立了伦理抉择的准则和追寻自我生命质量与健康的基本路径,对现当代人们理解生命,形成科学的生命伦理观有着重要的启迪意义。     

生物型髋关节假体涂层脱落的临床分期和预防

目的:对于生物型髋关节长期的生物学效应是未知的.探讨生物型髋关节假体涂层脱落的原因和提出相应的预防和治疗措施具有重要临床意义.方法:自2002年10月至2009年2月,对5例生物型髋关节假体涂层脱落进行分析,采用全髋关节翻修术治疗.男3例,女2例;年龄55～68岁.术中取出假体进行分析,探讨涂层脱落发生的原因.对照组为翻修术取下的正常假体(10例).使用组织形态学观察断面的表面形态和微结构,并用电子数显外径千分尺测量碎片厚度,维式硬度计测量涂层的维式硬度(HV),以及Push-out试验测量界面抗剪切强度.对髋关节功能进行Harris评分.结果:对照组和试验组组织形态学观察有区别.2例HA涂层脱落患者涂层厚度分别为112、138μm;维氏硬度分别为5 843、4 524 Hv;抗剪切强度分别为12.4、11.6 MPa.3例钛珠涂层脱落患者术后Harris评分分别为82、88及87分.结论:多种原因可同时导致假体涂层脱落,但临床上碰到的涂层脱落的病例多与假体质量有关,现有各种方法可以明显提高涂层与假体之间的结合强度,从而预防涂层的早期脱落.     

Occupational asthma and work-exacerbated asthma: factors associated with time to diagnostic steps

BACKGROUND: Little is known regarding the factors associated with the times for patients' first physician visit, the first physician suspicion of work-related asthma (WRA), and final diagnosis after the onset of WRA symptoms. This study examined individual and work-related factors that are associated with longer times to these diagnostic milestones among groups with occupational asthma (OA) and work-exacerbated asthma (WEA). METHOD: Suspected WRA cases were identified from an occupational lung disease clinic and claimants to the Ontario Workplace Safety and Insurance Board (100 patients each). Questionnaire administration and chart review were undertaken. RESULTS: Eighty participants were classified as having sensitizer-induced OA and 87 as having WEA. For the OA group, the risk factors for delay included male sex, being unmarried, low education, and lack of awareness of association of symptoms with work. Other factors included older age, being the sole income earner, and lack of knowledge of the Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System program. For WEA, lower household income, lower education, absence of a health-and-safety program at work, absence of a union, and lack of awareness of OA and of agents at work that could affect asthma significantly increased the time to diagnostic milestones. CONCLUSIONS: Different factors affect the diagnostic milestones for OA and WEA. Findings suggest a need for educational programs for workers who are at risk of OA and WEA and a need for further primary care physician education on WRA.     

To pack or not to pack? A contemporary review of middle ear packing agents

Middle ear packing agents are used in otologic surgery to provide support to the middle ear structures, maintain aeration of the middle ear, and promote hemostasis. However, there is currently a lack of standardization regarding the use of different types of packing agents. The choice of materials and how they are used remain controversial. In fact, some have recently advocated for no packing. In view of this, this review focuses on the types of materials available, a brief historical account of each material, characteristics of an ideal packing agent, and a discussion on the techniques of insertion to optimize surgical outcomes.     

Incremental changes in anisotropy induce incremental changes in the material properties of electrospun scaffolds

Electrospinning can be used to selectively process a variety of natural and synthetic polymers into highly porous scaffolds composed of nano-to-m diameter fibers. This process shows great potential as a gateway to the development of physiologically relevant tissue engineering scaffolds. In this study, we examine how incremental changes in fiber alignment modulate the material properties of a model scaffold. We prepared electrospun scaffolds of gelatin composed of varying fiber diameters and degrees of anisotropy. The scaffolds were cut into a series of "dog-bone" shaped samples in the longitudinal, perpendicular and transverse orientations and the relative degree of fiber alignment, as measured by the fast Fourier transform (FFT) method, was determined for each sample. We measured peak stress, peak strain and the modulus of elasticity as a function of fiber diameter and scaffold anisotropy. Fiber alignment was the variable most closely associated with the regulation of peak stress, peak strain and modulus of elasticity. Incremental changes, as judged by the FFT method, in the proportion of fibers that were aligned along a specific axis induced incremental changes in peak stress in the model scaffolds. These results underscore the critical role that scaffold anisotropy plays in establishing the material properties of an electrospun tissue engineering scaffold and the native extracellular matrix.     

Effects of whitening dentifrice on yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal surfaces after simulating brushing

Statement of problem

The changes that occur after brushing yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) are unknown. These changes may favor the retention of microorganisms and chemisorption of water, impairing its longevity.

Effects of mouth rehabilitation with removable complete dentures on stimulus perception and the electromyographic activity of the orbicularis oris muscle

Statement of problem

Many elderly individuals are rehabilitated with removable complete dentures, which require an initial adaptation period for both oral perception and the perioral muscles. Studies assessing the changes in stimulus perception and the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the orbicularis oris muscle shortly after conventional complete denture insertion are lacking.

UPLC-MS/MS法测定常用植物油料中胆固醇含量

目的:建立测定植物油料(油菜籽、花生、黄豆、玉米、芝麻)中胆固醇含量的超高液相-串联四极杆质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)方法。方法:样品经皂化后用石油醚-乙醚(1∶1)提取,以2,2,3,4,4,6-d6胆固醇为内标,Waters ACQUITYUPLCBEH C18(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱为分析柱,含0.1%甲酸的甲醇溶液为流动相,大气压化学电离源(APCI)正离子模式,多反应检测方式测定。胆固醇和内标离子检测对m/z分别为369.2→146.9,369.2→160.9和375.2→166.5。结果:胆固醇在0.05μg.ml-1～10μg.ml-1范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999),最小检出量为0.1 ng,方法回收率为106%。结论:本方法具有良好的灵敏度、准确度及专属性,可用于植物油料中胆固醇含量测定。     

卫生材料二级库管理模式研究与实践

针对医院卫生材料管理中存在的问题,提出二级库管理理念与方法。利用该理念与方法建立卫生材料二级库管理模式,明确其管理流程、管理范围、设立原则、隶属关系、管理制度等。并结合实践指出该管理模式具有完善医院物流信息管理系统,减少卫生材料流失;节约医院资金;为医院成本及绩效的准确考量奠定基础等优势。