我国文献检索课教学方法相关研究文献分析

以中国学术期刊网络出版总库为数据源,采用文献计量学方法对我国有关文献检索课教学方法的研究论文从年代分布、期刊分布、核心著者、高频关键词等方面进行统计分析,了解近20年来我国文献检索课教学方法研究特点及变化趋势。     

胃癌腹膜转移治疗的研究进展

胃癌腹膜转移患者的临床疗效差,因此,如何提高腹膜转移的早期诊断从而采取有效治疗是提高生存率的关键.近年来针对腹膜转移的非根治性治疗,采用腹膜切除以期最大程度减轻肿瘤负荷,并联合围手术期腹腔化疗及全身静脉化疗.同时随着腹膜转移机制的深入研究,免疫治疗、基因治疗等实验研究,也为临床治疗提供新的思路和方法.本文就胃癌腹膜转移的临床治疗及相关实验进展作一综述.     

Complicated course of biliary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor mimicking hilar cholangiocarcinoma: A case report and literature review

BACKGROUNDThe inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare, idiopathic, usually benign, mass-forming disease with myofibroblastic proliferation and a varying amount of inflammatory cells. Although it can affect various organs, the biliary tract is a rare localization of primary IMT, clinically, endoscopically and radiologically imitating cholangiocarcinoma. The treatment options are based only on clinical practice experience.CASE SUMMARYA 70-year-old woman was referred to our center due to progressive fatigue, weight loss, abdominal pain, night sweats, and elevated liver enzymes. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) revealed proximal common hepatic duct and hilar biliary strictures extending bilaterally to lobular bile ducts. Although initial clinical, endoscopic and radiological signs were typical for hilar cholangiocarcinoma, histological examination showed no signs of malignancy. In total, 8 biopsies using different approaches were performed (several biopsies from dominant stricture during ERCP and direct cholangioscopy; ultrasound-guided liver biopsy; diagnostic laparoscopy with liver and lymph node biopsies). Histological examination revealed signs of IMT, and the final diagnosis of biliary IMT was stated. Although IMT is usually a benign disease, in our case, it was complicated. All pharmacological treatment measures were ineffective. The patient still needs permanent stenting, suffers from recurrent infections and mechanical jaundice. Despite that, the patient already survived 24 mo.CONCLUSIONIMT presenting with hilar biliary strictures is a unique diagnostic and clinical challenge as it is indistinguishable from cholangiocarcinoma, and there are no evidence-based treatment options. Our goal is to increase the understanding of this rare disease and its possible course.     

正加速度致意识丧失的综合监测

目的 概述正加速度致意识丧失(G-induced loss of consciousness,G-LOC)的生理监测指标、方法和手段. 资料来源与选择 国内外相关领域的学术论著及综述. 资料引用 相关文献28篇. 资料综合 正加速度致意识丧失是当前威胁飞行安全的仅次于空间定向障碍的主要因素.本文回顾了G-LOC生理监测的指标、方法和手段,分析了飞机机动状态、生理指标、头部位置和眨眼等相结合的意识丧失系统监测方案. 结论 目前为止,尚没有实际应用的综合监测方法和机载G-LOC监测系统;生理指标和飞机机动状态相结合的综合评估是G-LOC监测的发展趋势.     

关于完善医疗机构设置规划的思考和探讨

做好区域卫生规划及医疗机构设置规划,有利于充分合理利用我国有限的医疗卫生资源.重点从医疗机构设置规划的含义、政策回顾、现状、存在问题和影响因素等方面进行探讨,结合L市医疗机构设置规划,提出如何进一步完善医疗机构设置规划的政策建议.强化医疗机构设置规划的法律地位,各地应制定切实可行的医疗机构设置规划.第一,确定资源总量;第二,确定医院资源总量和基层资源总量;第三,城市医院分为专科医院和综合医院;第四,专科医院分为一级、二级、三级医院,综合医院分为一级、二级、三级医院.     

The use of complementary and alternative medicine by pregnant women: a literature review

Background

the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has become increasingly prevalent in industrialised countries, with women being the most prolific users. Some women continue to consume these therapies when they become pregnant.

Aim

to review the literature exploring prevalence and motivation for use of complementary and alternative medicine by pregnant women.

Method

a search for relevant literature published from 2001 was undertaken using a range of databases and by examining relevant bibliographies.

Results

although the estimates vary widely from 1% to 87%, the general trend indicates that a significant number of pregnant women use complementary and alternative medicine. Common modalities used include massage, vitamin and mineral supplements, herbal medicine, relaxation therapies and aromatherapy. Reasons for use are varied and include the belief that these therapies offer safe alternatives to pharmaceuticals, they allow greater choice and control over the childbearing experiences, and they are congruent with their holistic health beliefs. The influence of traditional cultural practices on the use of these therapies is unclear. Most expectant women rely on advice from family and friends, and many do not disclose their use to their pregnancy care providers.

Conclusions

many women use complementary and alternative medicine when they are pregnant. Further research is needed to gain a greater understanding of the true prevalence and expectant women’s motivation for the use of complementary and alternative medicine. Health-care professionals are encouraged to ask women about their use of these treatments and seek out relevant information.     

基于CiteSpace可视化分析热敏灸研究热点与发展趋势

目的：通过对热敏灸相关文献进行可视化分析,探讨热敏灸的研究现状、发展趋势、研究热点及前沿。方法：以2006年1月1日至2020年10月25日国家知识基础设施数据库（CNKI)收录的热敏灸相关文献为研究对象,采用CiteSpace5.7.R1软件绘制知识图谱、分析相关数据。结果：共纳入相关文献1 387篇,作者合作共现图谱共有431个节点、566条连线,陈日新处于中心地位;机构合作图谱共有348个节点,196条连线,以江西中医药大学及其附属医院形成的合作网络为主。研究热点是颈椎病和膝骨性关节炎,研究前沿是生命质量、失眠和疼痛。结论：知识图谱分析可直观、快速地展现2006年1月1日至2020年10月25日间国内对热敏灸研究领域的总体发展态势、研究热点和前沿内容,为进一步研究提供可参考的数据和发展方向,此次研究结果具有相对参考价值。     

针灸防治乳腺癌患者潮热症状临床实践指南研究

目的：探索针灸防治乳腺癌患者潮热症状的临床应用方案,为制定临床实践指南提供依据。方法：通过计算机检索国家知识基础设施数据库（CNKI）、中国学术期刊数据库（CSPD）、中文科技期刊数据库（CCD）、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、PubMed、EMBASE、Cochrane Library等数据库,全面收集针灸疗法治疗乳腺癌患者潮热症状的现代文献证据;通过人工检索49本古代医籍,收集关于针灸疗法治疗潮热的古代文献证据;通过制定发放《针灸干预乳腺癌患者潮热症状调查问卷》,收集临床专家经验。整合3方面证据形成针灸防治乳腺癌患者潮热症状的临床推荐方案。结果：共检索到现代文献205篇,其中中文文献60篇,英文文献145篇,通过对文献进行纳排,最终纳入13篇现代文献,古代医籍文献与之相关的条目共6项,临床专家问卷共收回52份。综合3方面研究结果发现针灸治疗肿瘤患者潮热常用电针、针刺、耳穴按压等疗法;针刺推荐使用穴位：三阴交、太溪、太冲、风池、足三里、关元、肾俞、阴郄、神门、大椎;耳穴贴压推荐使用穴位：肾、肝、脾、心、神门、身心点。结论：综合3方面证据,形成针灸防治乳腺癌患者潮热症状的临床推荐应用方案,强烈推荐使用针刺、电针疗法,弱推荐使用耳穴按压疗法。     

The management of oesophageal soft food bolus obstruction: a systematic review

INTRODUCTION

Oesophageal soft food bolus obstruction (OSFBO) is a surgical emergency. However, no national guidelines exist regarding its management. This paper systematically reviews the literature with respect to the management of OSFBO.

METHODS

Relevant studies included were identified from the the Cochrane Library, the National Center for Biotechnology Information and the US National Library of Medicine resources. A systematic review was performed on 8 November 2010.

RESULTS

This systematic review of the management of OSFBO shows no evidence that any medical intervention is more effective than a ‘watch and wait’ policy in enabling spontaneous disimpaction. Furthermore, the use of hyoscine butylbromide for OSFBO probably stems from a misquoted textbook. Surgical removal of an OSFBO is effective but not without potential risk. There is some evidence to support surgical intervention within 24 hours to prevent complications deriving from the initial obstruction.

CONCLUSIONS

There is a need for large double-blind, randomised, placebo controlled trials of drugs used in the medical management of OSFBO. Until the results from such trials are available, the treatment of OSFBO will remain based on inconsistent clinical judgement.