Helicobacter pylori-induced diarrhea post-ileogastrostomy

A retrospective study of all ileogastrostomy procedures (n=26) performed in 1993 by one surgeon (IGMC) was carried out to investigate the hypothesis that Helicobacter pylori may be implicated in certain severe cases of postoperation nausea and diarrhea. Ten of 26 persons (38.5%) displayed nausea and notable diarrhea (greater than or equal to ten bowel movements per day), seven of which warranted upper GI investigation. One hundred per cent (seven of seven) of these persons were found to possess H. pylori upon C-14 breath test. In four of six cases eradication therapy (1 g amoxicillin b.i.d./20 mg omeprazole b.i.d. for 2 weeks) corresponded with a resolution of severe nausea and diarrhea (one additional case involved omeprazole use only), suggesting that H. pylori should be considered as a possible cause of these symptoms post-ileogastrostomy. Additionally, in four of seven cases persons were re-tested (C-14 breath analysis) at least 1 month post-therapy and in this group three persons were found to be free of the organism. All three cases of notable diarrhea and nausea resolved with treatment, providing the strongest evidence for a possible association between infection and these symptoms.     

Late recurrence of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

A case of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis that recurred 2 months after Ramstedt's operation is presented. A second pyloromyotomy was carried out with resolution of symptoms. A computer-based review of the literature suggests that this is the first such report.     

陕西省眉县健康教育干预5岁以下儿童腹泻效果评价

为了探讨适合我国农村社区的健康教育方法,陕西省眉县被确定为西北地区的试点。本文运用格林模式,采取健康教育、改水、改厕三位一体方法,通过２年的健康教育综合性干预,实验乡５岁以下儿童腹泻发病率较对照乡及干预前均有明显下降,儿童母亲防治儿童腹泻的知、信、行水平也显著提高（Ｐ＜００１）,进一步证实综合干预在农村社区健康教育中运用的可行性。同时,初步探索出了一些适合我国农村社区的健康教育实施经验。     

大狼把草止泻作用的实验研究

目的:研究大狼把草的止泻作用。方法:通过小鼠肠推进实验、对小鼠排便时间和数量影响的实验,观察大狼把草的止泻作用。结果:大狼把草醇提液、水煎醇沉液有较好的抑制小鼠肠推进率(P<0.05～0.01),延长小鼠排蓝便的时间(P<0.05),减少排蓝便数量的作用(P<0.05～0.01)。结论:大狼把草醇提液、水煎醇沉液均有较好的止泻作用,且醇提液作用优于水煎醇沉液。     

热带气候对海南省小儿腹泻影响的研究

目的：地海南省小儿急性腹泻的影响因素及发病规律。方法：１９９７年度在海南省东西南北中及海口市各设一个监测点对５岁以下小儿１６５４人进行腹泻流行病学调查,采用每三日法。并将腹泻月平均发病率与相应月份气象指标进行相关分析。结果：月平均发病率２０．１９％,年发病率为２４２．２９％,线人每年腹泻发病次数为２．４２±０．０８,年死亡率０．６０‰,发病高峰在１－３月份,与气温、雨量呈显著负相关。结论：海南海１     

Chronic diarrhea: Causes,presentation, and mangement

Important inroads are being made into understanding the pathophysiology of diarrhea. Clear understanding of key mechanisms should suggest new approaches to combat disease. Exciting developments are occurring in terms of super-ORS solutions, particularly with the promise of short chained glucose polymers and glutamine. Perhaps the most important development is the prospect of a good rotavirus vaccine being available before the end of the decade. Chronic diarrhea seems to be on the increase globally, probably because of the success of ORS. The mechanisms that lead to mucosal injury are elusive, and therapy still largely supportive and empiric. Celiac disease continues to be a puzzle, because of the uncomfortable feeling that a majority of cases may be missed because of atypical presentations. The successful use of long term parenteral nutrition has allowed survival and better charaterization of cases that otherwise would have perished as ‘lethal protracted diarrhea’. Microvillus inclusion disease may be the commonest congenital secretory diarrhea. The role of the recently reported high prevalence of glucoamlase deficiency may be important. Lastly, attention to micronutrients, particularly low vitamin A and probably zinc may prove to be important in prevention and amelioration of diarrhea and growth failure.     

Loperamide

In castor oil challenged rats, low doses of loperamide inhibit diarrhea and normalize intestinal propulsion. Unlike other opioids, loperamide is devoid of central opiate-like effects, including blockade of intestinal propulsion, up to the highest subtoxic oral dose. Nevertheless, the antidiarrheal action of loperamide can be considered to be -opiate receptor mediated, only a fewin vitro effects at rather high concentrations being not naloxone-reversible. There is little evidence that interactions with intestinal opiate receptors directly change epithelial cell function. When secretory stimuli increase mucosal tension, however, loperamide may reverse the elevated hydrostatic tissue pressure that opposes normal absorption. This antisecretory effect at the mucosal level is accompanied by motor effects when loperamide reaches the myenteric -opiate receptors. At therapeutic doses for the treatment of acute diarrhea, it is likely that the mucosal effect prevails.     

论吴鞠通治疳学术思想

吴鞠通《温病条辨·解儿难》对疳疾的论治文短义深,所提治疳九妙法蕴藏着深奥的学术思想。本文从脾胃学说、升降出入学说、营卫学说等方面进行了阐发,以期能发掘其学术渊薮,指导学术研究及临床实践。     

Infantile small cell gliomas

Summary Fourteen juvenile patients with small cell gliomas were studied at two institutes. These tumors are believed to form a distinct entity. They arise mostly in the diencephalon or the brain stem and are composed of a poorly differentiated small cell component having a prononounced tendency to differentiate into a glioma. Signs of neuroblastic differentiation were also found with the electron microscope. Small cell gliomas disseminate early and profusely throughout the ventricular walls and the subarachnoid spaces including the spinal meninges. Prognosis is grave, most patients dying within 1 year of diagnosis or surgical intervention. The designation infantile small cell glioma overlaps with both the metastasising gliomas in young subjects of Eade and Urich (1971) and with the primitive neuroectodermal tumor of infancy of Hart and Earle (1973).     

合生元治疗肝硬化腹泻疗效观察

目的　观察合生元治疗肝硬化腹泻的疗效。 方法　74例病人随机分成两组 ,治疗组 37例 ,用合生元 1粒 ,po ,bid ;对照组 37例 ,用黄连素 0 .3g ,po ,tid ,疗程均为 2周。 结果　 治疗组临床有效率为 83.78% ,对照组为 4 3.2 4 % ;两组间有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。 结论　合生元是治疗肝硬化合并腹泻的有效药物。