用ELISA法分析牙周病与唾液中IgE、IgM的关系

用单克隆抗体ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测１１３名牙周组织疾病患者及正常对照受试者混合唾液ＩｇＥ及ＩｇＭ含量。结果表明：ＩｇＥ含量正常对照组明显低于患者组，特别是与青少年牙周炎组ＩｇＥ含量相差４倍。ＩｇＭ含量只有龈炎组明显增高，正常对照组与牙周炎组无明显差异。     

新型冠状病毒B.1.1.529变异株感染者临床特点及血清IgG、IgM抗体表现

目的 探讨新型冠状病毒B.1.1.529变异株感染者临床特点及血清IgG、IgM抗体表现。方法 回顾性分析深圳市第三人民医院收治82例新型冠状病毒B.1.1.529变异株感染者临床资料,依据胸部CT有无肺炎改变,将新型冠状病毒B.1.1.529变异株感染者分为肺炎组和无肺炎组,观察其在入院后T1（1~<4 d）、T2（4~<8 d）、T3（8~<15 d）、T4（15~<22 d）和T5（22~<30 d）5个时间点血清IgG、IgM抗体水平。结果 82例新型冠状病毒B.1.1.529变异株感染者中,临床表现为咳嗽62例、发热31例、咽部不适33例、肌肉酸痛5例和腹泻3例。所有感染者在T1~T5 5个时间点血清IgG和IgM抗体水平M（IQR）分别为50.22（142.20）AU/mL和0.41（0.81）AU/mL、326.50（220.63）AU/mL和0.95（1.62）AU/mL、368.23（76.21）AU/mL和1.09（2.42）AU/mL、368.65（79）AU/mL和0.74（3）AU/mL、5.26（113.10）AU/mL和0.81（3.10） AU/mL。肺炎组血清IgG抗体水平在T1、T4时间点低于无肺炎组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,肺炎组血清IgG抗体阳性率在T1时间点低于无肺炎组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;5个时间点的血清IgM抗体在两组间比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 新型冠状病毒B.1.1.529变异株感染者临床症状较轻,血清IgG抗体在感染病毒后上升,但在肺炎组和无肺炎组中存在部分差异,是否具有保护作用需要进一步的研究;新型冠状病毒B.1.1.529变异株感染者血清IgM抗体上升不明显,个体差异较大。     

Immunoglobulin (Ig) M antibody against myelin associated glycoprotein (MAG): A comparison of methods

The presence of immunoglobulin (Ig)M antibody against myelin associated glycoprotein (MAG) has been associated with autoimmune demyelinating, sensorimotor neuropathies. Approximately 50% of patients with IgM paraproteinemia and associated peripheral neuropathy possess antibodies against MAG. These autoantibodies are thought to interfere with the process of myelination, myelin maintenance, or axon-Schwann cell interaction. The detection of these autoantibodies is useful to the clinician and is suggestive of active demyelination in a peripheral neuropathy. Our objective in this study was to compare the results obtained using three different methods (dual enzyme immunoassay [EIA], immunofluorescent antibody [IFA] and Western blot [WB]) for detecting IgM antibody against MAG in patients suspected of having autoimmune demyelinating neuropathies. Since the dual EIA utilized two different antigens, results from this assay were separated into two groups: MAG and sulfate-3-glucuronyl paragloboside (SGPG). When compared to WB (gold standard), percent agreement, sensitivity, and specificity for EIA and IFA are as follows: MAG EIA (68.3, 100.0, and 60.6); SGPG EIA (95.1, 100.0, and 93.9); and myelin IFA (97.6, 100.0, and 97.0). The authors conclude that the SGPG EIA and myelin IFA compared well with the standard WB method when detecting IgM antibody against MAG (100 kD). Many sera demonstrated reactivity on the MAG EIA that were negative by WB (100 kD glycoprotein). The authors recommend screening for MAG IgM in suspected patient sera by SGPG EIA or myelin IFA and utilizing these same methods to titer sera confirmed positive by WB.     

成都地区儿童呼吸道病原体IgM抗体检测结果分析

目的了解成都地区9项呼吸道感染病原体IgM抗体在呼吸道感染儿童中的流行情况,为临床有效防治提供依据。方法采用间接免疫荧光法检测门诊与住院患儿血清中9项呼吸道病原体IgM抗体,研究其检出情况及季节性变化情况。结果 20 647例患儿血清IgM抗体阳性5 623例,总阳性率为27.23%;肺炎支原体(MP)检出率最高,其次是乙型流感病毒(INFBV)、副流感病毒(PIV),阳性率分别为15.95%、6.27%、4.35%。MP、INFBV和PIV阳性率女童高于男童,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);在不同年龄组的分布差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);病原体的感染季节性分布存在差异,且差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论成都地区儿童呼吸道感染的病原体主要为MP和INFBV,MP、INFBV和PIV感染阳性率女童高于男童,并且大多病原体感染在不同季节、不同年龄组都具有一定的差异。     

IgG抗-E合并IgG+IgM抗-Mur致交叉配血不合分析

目的对输血前检测中发现抗-E、抗-Mur的患者进行血型血清学特异性鉴定,分析其在输血中的临床意义。方法采用微柱凝胶法检测患者血清与抗体筛查谱细胞的反应格局,鉴定抗体的种类及特异性。结果 2例患者血清中均存在IgG抗-E合并IgG+IgM抗-Mur 3种抗体。结论抗-E与抗-Mur都易引起溶血性输血反应,准确的抗体鉴定基础上挑选合适的供血者,可为输血安全提供保障。     

Active vaccination in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)

Active vaccination of CVID patients with standard vaccines has rarely been studied in depth although some patients have been shown to develop transient vaccine-specific immunity. We addressed the question whether these patients can be identified by functional classification of their B cell subsets in vitro. Twenty-one CVID patients receiving regular IgG substitution were immunized with anti-peptide and anti-polysaccharide vaccines. Humoral vaccination responses were compared to the numbers of circulating memory B cells, CD21(low) B cells and the capacity to produce antibodies in vitro. Our findings allow four conclusions: (1) positive vaccination responses are not contradictory to the diagnosis of CVID; they occurred against polypeptide vaccines in 23% and against polysaccharide antigens in 18% of all vaccinations. (2) Class-switched antibody responses occur preferentially in patients of CVID group II. (3) A normal percentage of IgM memory B cells is necessary but not sufficient for a vaccination response to polysaccharide antigens. (4) Active vaccination in addition to IgG replacement therapy should be performed in patients of CVID type II - especially in case of vaccines for which passive protection cannot be guaranteed.     

Recent enterovirus infection in type 1 diabetes: evidence with a novel IgM method

Enterovirus (EV) infection has been associated with Type 1 (T1D) diabetes and on a few occasions virus could be isolated at onset of the disease. Using two such isolates as antigens in a quantitative PCR enhanced immunoassay (T1D-EV-QPIA) we have measured IgM antibodies against such potentially diabetogenic viruses in serum from 33 newly diagnosed T1D children, 24 siblings, and 27 healthy children. Sera were also analysed with regard to autoantibodies against GAD65, the cytokine TNF-alpha and the chemokine IP-10. EV-RNA detection was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). IgM antibodies against this "new" EV antigen were more frequent in serum from T1D children than in serum from siblings and/or controls (P < 0.001). EV-RNA was detected more frequently in PBMC from T1D children than in healthy control children (P < 0.001) and also compared to the siblings (P < 0.003). The cytokine TNF-alpha was less frequently detected in serum from the T1D children compared with serum from siblings and/controls (P < 0.001). A positive correlation was found between the results obtained with the T1D-EV-QPIA and the EV-PCR (P < 0.001). These findings are in line with earlier findings of an increased frequency of enteroviral infections in newly diagnosed T1D patients. In addition, we found that T1D children at onset of the disease had lower frequencies of the chemokine TNF-alpha in their serum than age- and sex-matched controls had, suggesting an impaired immune response.     

Camellia sinensis Mediated Enhancement of Humoral Immunity to Particulate and Non‐particulate Antigens

The most common drinking beverage in large portion of the world is Camellia sinensis (green tea). In the present study, we evaluated the adjuvant effect of green tea and tea polyphenols to particulate and non‐particulate antigens. BALB/c mice were immunized with particulate and non‐particulate antigens. Modulation of immunoglobulin‐secreting splenocytes, IgG‐mediated and IgM‐mediated immunity, was evaluated by hemolytic plaque assay and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Dose‐dependent response of tea polyphenols was also assayed. Phenolic content was measured in crude preparations of green tea. We observed a stimulatory effect of green tea preparations on humoral immune response mediated by the increased number of antibody‐secreted cells in spleen. A significant increase in IgM‐mediated and IgG‐mediated immune response to non‐particulate antigen was also observed in green tea‐treated animals. A dose‐dependent adjuvant effect was seen in the case of tea polyphenols for a longer period of time compared with crude tea preparations. This study indicates polyphenols as major constituents responsible for the enhanced and sustained adjuvant activity of green tea. We suggest that tea polyphenols might be considered for real‐life evaluation during adjuvant‐mediated vaccination trial programs. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

上呼吸道感染患儿肺炎支原体IgM类与低亲和力IgG类抗体的测定

目的探讨上呼吸道感染患儿肺炎支原体（MP）IgM类（MP—IgM）与低亲和力IgG类（MP—IgG）抗体水平及在MP感染早期诊断中的价值。方法分别用被动颗粒凝集试验（PPA）、酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）和间接免疫荧光法（IIF）对小儿上呼吸道感染者血清MP—IgM水平进行测定,同时用IIF法研究其低亲和力MP—IgG水平,对所测结果进行对比研究。结果3种方法所测MP—IgM以ELISA法阳性率最高（60．0％,51／88）,PPA法次之（50．0％,44／88）,而IIF法最低（40．9％,36／88）。各方法间仅PPA法与ELISA法所测结果具有显著相关（P〈0、001）和中等程度的一致性（0．7〉Kappa〉0．4）,而PPA法与IIF法、ELISA法与IIF法检测结果缺乏一致性。88例患儿中,有21例（23．9％）存在低亲和力MP—IgG抗体,其中17例同时有MP—IgM阳性,两者结果亦具有显著的相关（P〈0．001）和一定程度的一致性（0．7〉Kappa〉0．4）。结论低亲和力MP-IgG类抗体有类似于MP—IgM类抗体的早期诊断价值,与MP—IgM联合检测有助于区分MP近期感染与感染后复发或再次感染。