全文获取类型
收费全文 | 62038篇 |
免费 | 5186篇 |
国内免费 | 4497篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 388篇 |
儿科学 | 1698篇 |
妇产科学 | 775篇 |
基础医学 | 11757篇 |
口腔科学 | 1269篇 |
临床医学 | 5435篇 |
内科学 | 9127篇 |
皮肤病学 | 911篇 |
神经病学 | 4060篇 |
特种医学 | 1292篇 |
外国民族医学 | 34篇 |
外科学 | 3209篇 |
综合类 | 13476篇 |
现状与发展 | 22篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 3126篇 |
眼科学 | 1117篇 |
药学 | 4505篇 |
4篇 | |
中国医学 | 1678篇 |
肿瘤学 | 7837篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 82篇 |
2023年 | 584篇 |
2022年 | 1048篇 |
2021年 | 1847篇 |
2020年 | 1628篇 |
2019年 | 1567篇 |
2018年 | 1480篇 |
2017年 | 1678篇 |
2016年 | 1986篇 |
2015年 | 2051篇 |
2014年 | 3087篇 |
2013年 | 4093篇 |
2012年 | 3422篇 |
2011年 | 4233篇 |
2010年 | 3500篇 |
2009年 | 3551篇 |
2008年 | 3797篇 |
2007年 | 4102篇 |
2006年 | 3911篇 |
2005年 | 3684篇 |
2004年 | 3284篇 |
2003年 | 2855篇 |
2002年 | 2495篇 |
2001年 | 2260篇 |
2000年 | 1903篇 |
1999年 | 1582篇 |
1998年 | 1368篇 |
1997年 | 1126篇 |
1996年 | 806篇 |
1995年 | 687篇 |
1994年 | 517篇 |
1993年 | 344篇 |
1992年 | 259篇 |
1991年 | 206篇 |
1990年 | 175篇 |
1989年 | 113篇 |
1988年 | 82篇 |
1987年 | 59篇 |
1986年 | 47篇 |
1985年 | 68篇 |
1984年 | 39篇 |
1983年 | 19篇 |
1982年 | 31篇 |
1981年 | 22篇 |
1980年 | 13篇 |
1979年 | 11篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
目的探讨自发性高血压大鼠颈动脉中抑癌基因P53和原癌基因c-jun、c-fos、c-myc mRNA的表达.方法用逆转录聚合酶链式反应检测两种基因的表达水平.正常雄性大鼠作为对照组.结果 SHR颈动脉中,抑癌基因P53和原癌基因c-jun、c-fos、c-myc均有高表达,较WKY差异有显著性(P<0.05).结论自发性高血压大鼠颈动脉组织中抑癌基因P53和原癌基因c-jun、c-fos、c-myc均有高表达,癌基因的活化可能与自发性高血压大鼠颈动脉血管重构有关. 相似文献
102.
Yoshinori Itoh Yutaka Kohgo Naoki Watanabe Yuji Kanisawa Sumio Sakamaki Minoru Takahashi Yasuo Hirayama Hiroyuki Ono Takeshi Himeno Yoshiro Niitsu 《Cancer science》1991,82(11):1203-1206
Human tumor–infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) derived from pleural or ascitic fluid were incubated with recombinant interleukin 2 and transfected with human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) a gene by the lipofection procedure. The resulting TILs secreted significant amounts of TNF in the culture supernatant and exhibited cytotoxicity against established cell lines, such as K562 and Daudi, and autologous tumor cells. The TNF gene–transfected TILs exhibited an augmented killing of autologous tumor cells. 相似文献
103.
明玉华 《现代中西医结合杂志》2007,16(27):3940-3942
目的探讨影响乳腺癌患者预后的因素,协助临床制定手术方式及术后治疗方案。方法选择80例各型乳腺癌患者的标本,应用免疫组化SP方法,检测乳腺癌组织中癌基因BcL-2、Bax及黏附因子CD44V6的表达情况。结果乳腺癌中BcL-2、Bax及CD44V6的表达情况与肿瘤组织学分级、瘤体直径。有无转移及患者术后存活时间均有显著性相关(P<0.05或0.01)。结论BcL-2高表达、Bax低表达、CD44V6低表达的患者组织学分级好,肿瘤体积小,淋巴结转移少,术后存活时间长,这部分患者可做肿物扩大切除而保留乳房或即使已做乳房切除,术后也可减少放疗及化疗剂量。 相似文献
104.
105.
Gene delivery systems are designed to control the location of administered therapeutic genes within a patient's body. Successful in vivo gene transfer may require (i) the condensation of plasmid and its protection from nuclease degradation, (ii) cellular interaction and internalization of condensed plasmid, (iii) escape of plasmid from endosomes (if endocytosis is involved), and (iv) plasmid entry into cell nuclei. Expression plasmids encoding a therapeutic protein can be, for instance, complexed with cationic liposomes or micelles in order to achieve effective in vivo gene transfer. A thorough knowledge of pharmaceutics and drug delivery, bio-engineering, as well as cell and molecular biology is required to design optimal systems for gene therapy. This mini-review provides a critical discussion on cationic lipid-based gene delivery systems and their possible uses as pharmaceuticals. 相似文献
106.
肿瘤转移相关蛋白在甲状腺乳头状腺癌伴淋巴结转移组织中的原位表达研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用免疫组化ABC法,研究甲状腺乳头状腺癌,甲状腺腺瘤和正常甲状腺组织中的肿瘤转移相关基因蛋白CD44v6,EGFR,转移抑制基因nm23-H1和抑癌基因p53蛋白的原位表达。结果发现CD44v6和EGFR表达上调与肿瘤转移密切相关(P<0.05,P<0.01),而nm23-H1的表达与肿瘤转移抑制密切相关(P<0.01)。这提示肿瘤转移相关基因和转移抑制基因之间的表达失衡是甲状腺乳头状腺癌易发生转移的重要原因。 相似文献
107.
为有效开展糖尿病基因治疗,作为第一步,本研究构建了人胰岛素原基因与表达载体PRC/CMV的重组体。首先,从质粒PBCA中酶切回收260bp的人胰岛素原基因片段,利用中间载体PBS.SK构建了含人胰岛素原基困片段的过渡质粒PBS.INS,在此基础上构建了真核细胞表达的人胰岛素基因重组体PRC/CMV.INS。 相似文献
108.
Francesco Bertoni Giovanni Cazzaniga Giovanna Bosshard Enrico Roggero Renzo Barbazza Michele De Boni Carlo Capella Ennio Pedrinis Franco Cavalli rea Biondi & Emanuele Zucca 《British journal of haematology》1997,97(4):830-836
Gastric MALT lymphoma usually develops from chronic gastritis, the vast majority of which (>90%) is associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. We sequenced the third complementarity determining region (CDR3) of immunoglobulin heavy chain genes in 19 gastric MALT lymphoma clones to determine the pattern of variable (V), diversity (D) and joining (J) gene utilization during immunoglobulin gene rearrangement.
DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded sections and the rearranged CDR3 regions were amplified using a semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (with primers complementary to the conserved framework-three segment of the variable region [FR3A] and J regions). The DNA used for cloning and sequencing was obtained after purification of monoclonal bands excised from polyacrylamide gels. The N-D-N region specific to each clone was compared with known germline D sequences.
Similarly to that observed in normal and leukaemic B cells, our series of gastric MALT lymphomas showed apparent preferential utilization of genes from the DXP family. In two cases no similarity between the CDR3 nucleotide sequences of the neoplastic clones and the known germline D sequences could be found. In 10/19 analysed alleles the lymphoma B-cell clones appeared to contain two D gene segments (D-D recombination), a rare occurrence in normal individuals but one which has been described as a significant event in the determination of idiotype expression and antigen-binding affinity. Remarkably, despite the use of different D and J segments, the resultant amino acid sequences matched in two patients, suggesting the presence of a common selecting antigen.
The observed pattern of D gene rearrangement suggests that MALT lymphoma B-cell clones have undergone antigen selection, which seems to indicate that the antigen stimulation plays a pivotal role in the development of the lymphoma. 相似文献
DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded sections and the rearranged CDR3 regions were amplified using a semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (with primers complementary to the conserved framework-three segment of the variable region [FR3A] and J regions). The DNA used for cloning and sequencing was obtained after purification of monoclonal bands excised from polyacrylamide gels. The N-D-N region specific to each clone was compared with known germline D sequences.
Similarly to that observed in normal and leukaemic B cells, our series of gastric MALT lymphomas showed apparent preferential utilization of genes from the DXP family. In two cases no similarity between the CDR3 nucleotide sequences of the neoplastic clones and the known germline D sequences could be found. In 10/19 analysed alleles the lymphoma B-cell clones appeared to contain two D gene segments (D-D recombination), a rare occurrence in normal individuals but one which has been described as a significant event in the determination of idiotype expression and antigen-binding affinity. Remarkably, despite the use of different D and J segments, the resultant amino acid sequences matched in two patients, suggesting the presence of a common selecting antigen.
The observed pattern of D gene rearrangement suggests that MALT lymphoma B-cell clones have undergone antigen selection, which seems to indicate that the antigen stimulation plays a pivotal role in the development of the lymphoma. 相似文献
109.
110.