孕妇外周血中胎儿有核红细胞数量与妊娠高血压综合征的关系

目的 探讨孕妇外周血中胎儿有核红细胞数量（fetal nucleated red blood cells，FNRBC）数与妊娠高血压综合征的关系。方法 对128名孕龄32～42周，年龄24～35岁的孕妇外周血进行单密度梯度离心，对分离后的细胞进行制片、染色，显微镜下进行FNRBC计数，比较组间差异。结果 38名正常妊娠组孕妇外周血中FNRBC数目为（6．4667±2．5141）个／5ml，36名轻度妊高征组孕妇外周血中FNRBC数目为（9．5300±2．3286）个／5ml，28名中度妊高征组孕妇外周血中FNRBC数目为（13．7100±4．0286）个／5ml，26名重度妊高征组孕妇外周血中FNRBC数目为（31．5000±9．4086）个／5ml。四组间比较P值均小于0．05。结论 妊高征组孕妇外周血FNRBC数目明显升高，为妊高征的临床预测和评估提供了一条新思路。     

新药Ⅰ期临床耐受性试验中不良事件的评价方法

目的：对新药Ⅰ期临床耐受性试验中不良事件监察的指标、评价方法、结果判定进行探讨。方法：通过对盐酸丙哌维林、两种格列美脲等三种新药单剂量口服的Ⅰ期临床耐受性试验,观察、分析其不良事件。结果：此三种新药在常规口服剂量时,有良好的耐受必性,仅有部发患出现轻度药物不良反应。结论：新药Ⅰ期临床耐受性试验中不良事件评价对发现新药不良反应苗头具有重要意义。     

食管癌与心理社会因素的关系探讨

目的 :本文采用 1:1配对的病例对照研究方法 ,探讨食管癌与病前心理社会因素的关系。方法 :采用 C型行为问卷和生活事件量表 ,调查病例和对照共 10 0对。结果 :食管癌病人 C型行为的 OR值为 3.0 9,明显高于对照组 ,P<0 .0 0 1;生活事件量表中病例与对照配对得分差的均数为 118.4 2± 52 .36 (LEU) ,食管癌病人得分明显高于对照组 ,P<0 .0 0 1。结论 :食管癌与不良的心理社会因素有关。     

Stress, attachment and skin diseases: a case-control study

Objectives In this case-control study we tested the hypothesis of an association between some psychosomatic skin diseases, attachment style and stress. Patients and methods A total of 177 cases and 194 controls seen between November 1992 and November 1993 at the Istituto Dermopatico dell'lmmacolata (IDD) in Rome, were enrolled into the study. Cases were outpatients with first diagnosis of hyperidrosis, chronic urticaria, generalized pruritus or alopecia areata. Controls were outpatients seen in the same period of time with first diagnosis of pigmenled nevi, keratosis or mycosis. The presence and weight of life stress events were assessed by u standard precoded questionnaire based on the Schedule of Recent Experiences (SRE) and on the Life Experiences Survey (LES). The attachment style was assessed by a modified version of the Shaver and Hazan questionnaire about feelings in a love relationship. We calculated 3 scores for each individual and classified study subjects in 2 groups: 1) "free" (= secure attachment); 2) "not free" (not secure attachment: anxious-ambivalent or avoidant). Questionnaires were self-administered in the presence of a trained psychologist. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) were calculated using a multiple logistic function. Results No association was found between the different stress scores and the skin diseases considered. The crude odds ratio for life stress events in the previous year was 1.4 (95% CI 0.8–2.7). After multiple adjustment for age, sex, marital status and education, the estimated OR was 1.6 (95% CI 0.8–3.0). One significant association emerged between the adult attachment style defined as “not free” and psychosomatic skin diseases: the adjusted OR was 4.0 (95% CI 1.4–12).     

Unaltered insulin sensitivity during calcium channel blockade with amlodipine

Summary The sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin is of pathophysiological, therapeutic and possibly also of prognostic relevance. Calcium channel blockers are widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders that are commonly associated with decreased insulin sensitivity (S_I). To evaluate the effects of calcium channel blokkade on S_I, glucose homoeostasis and lipid profiles, studies were made of S_I (determined by the Minimal Model Method of Bergman), basal glucose and insulin levels, serum total triglyceride (Tg) and lipoprotein cholesterol (C) fractions and certain other variables in 38 healthy young men (24 y) during placebo and after 3 weeks of calcium channel blockade with amlodipine 5 mg once daily. Measurements were made after 3 days on a standard diet (2200 kcal · day^–1, 45% carbohydrates, 40% fat and 15% proteins) and after an overnight fast. Compared to placebo, amlodipine decreased supine systolic blood pressure (P<0.01). Heart rate, body weight and 24 h urinary sodium excretion were unaltered, and so were fasting plasma glucose (placebo vs amlodipine: 4.86 vs 4.83 mmol·1^–1, respectively) and insulin levels (7.7 vs 7.9 U·ml^–1), S_I (10.5 vs 9.6·10^–4 × min^–1 pro U·ml^–1), serum total Tg, C and lipoprotein C fractions.The findings demonstrate unchanged insulin sensitivity and secretion, as well as lipoprotein regulation, during maintenance administration of 5 mg amlodipine daily to healthy young men.This work was supported in part by the Swiss National Science Foundation     

The impact of anticipation of job loss on psychological distress and worksite blood pressure.

The impact of occupational stressful life events on psychological distress and blood pressure was examined among employees of a major New York City brokerage firm undergoing massive layoffs. One hundred thirty-nine employees of the firm, who had participated in a blood pressure screening in 1986, were rescreened during the period of layoffs within their company in 1989. About two-thirds of the 139 employees reported being "somewhat" or "very" anxious or upset in 1989 during the period of layoffs, and psychological distress was significantly elevated among those employees reporting possible or definite layoff or job change and/or difficulty in obtaining a comparable job. However, we found no increase in overall blood pressure level, and no effect of anticipation of job loss on 1989 blood pressure when controlling for 1986 blood pressure level, age, body mass index, work hours, and other demographic variables. On the other hand, employment in a department sold to another employer on the day of screening, as well as employment in a clerical job title, were both associated with significant increases in diastolic blood pressure of about 5 mm Hg.     

海洛因依赖者住院脱毒过程中的不良事件及其相关因素分析

目的:了解海洛因依赖者住院脱毒过程中出现的不良事件及其相关因素。方法:采用回顾性的方法,对630例海洛因依赖者在住院脱毒过程中出现的各种不良事件进行调查,并对相关因素进行分析。结果:不良事件的总发生率为17.6％。Logistic回归分析显示,整组不良事件患者的危险因素不明确。按不良事件的严重程度归类分组分析,其危险因素依次为:美沙酮最高剂量,血常规异常,合用抗精神病药物的种类以及目前吸食方式。结论:海洛因依赖者住院脱毒过程中不良事件较常见,它的发生既有患者自身的原因,又有医源性因素,值得重视。     

核因子-κB p65在宫颈癌组织中的表达及意义

 目的　探讨NF κBp6 5蛋白在宫颈鳞癌及宫颈腺癌组织中表达的意义。 方法　采用免疫组织化学方法 ,用NF κBp6 5单克隆抗体检测 6 4例宫颈鳞癌组织 ,6例宫颈腺癌组织 ,11例宫颈上皮内瘤样病变 (CIN)组织 ,16例慢性宫颈炎组织中NF κBp6 5的表达。 结果　NF κBp6 5在宫颈鳞癌和腺癌中的阳性表达明显高于CIN和慢性宫颈炎组织 ,有淋巴转移的癌组织中NF κBp6 5的阳性表达率高于无淋巴转移的癌组织。结论　NF κBp6 5蛋白在宫颈癌的发生发展中起重要作用     

Ewing’s肉瘤细胞X-射线照射后TNF-α和TGF-β mRNA表达的研究

 目的　研究Ewing’s肉瘤细胞系 (RM 82 )X 射线外照射后肿瘤坏死因子 (TNF α)和转化生长因子 (TGF β)mRNA表达水平的变化 ,探讨X 射线诱导内源性TNF α和TGF β产生的可能性及意义。 方法　应用实时荧光RT PCR ,检测接受不同剂量X 线照射 (2Gy ,5Gy ,10Gy ,2 0Gy ,30Gy ,4 0Gy)和受照后不同时间 (1h ,3h ,6h ,12h ,2 4h ,4 8h ,72h)。TNF α和TGF βmRNA表达水平的变化。 结果　RM 82细胞TNF αmRNA表达水平较外照射前显著升高。一方面受照后TNF αmRNA表达逐渐升高 ,照射剂量达 4 0Gy时TNF αmRNA表达水平达高峰 ,为正常对照组的 10 8倍 ;另一方面 ,照射后 3h后TNF αmRNA表达逐渐升高 ,6h达高峰 ,为正常对照组的 18倍。相反 ,TGF βmRNA表达水平X 射线照射前后无显著变化。结论　Ewing’s肉瘤细胞系 (RM 82 )接受X 线照射后TNF αmRNA表达明显升高 ,且呈现时间、剂量依赖性。放射治疗可诱导Ewing’s肉瘤细胞系 (RM 82...     

中药预防抗精神病药物所致副反应初探

目的：研究中药对于抗精神病药物所致高血糖、高血脂与其它副反应的预防作用。方法：对110例男性病人随机分为两组，对照组57例单服抗精神病药物，研究组53例在服抗精神病药物的同时加服中药。治疗结束时，用治疗中需要处理的不良反应症状量表（TESS）进行测评，并测定空腹血糖、血胆固醇和甘油三酯。结果：研究组6项症状的发生率均少于对照组（P〈0．05），对照照组血糖、胆固醇、甘油三脂均值显著高于研究组（P〈0．05）。结论：中药对于抗精神病药物所致高血糖、高血脂及其他副反应有预防作用。