A Retrospective Study of Temporalis Muscle and Fascia Flap in Treatment of TMJ Ankylosis

Background  

This study sought to determine the efficacy of interpositional arthroplasty with temporalis muscle and fascia flap in the treatment of unilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis in adults.     

髋关节结核的CT表现

目的 探讨髋关节结核的CT表现。方法 收集在我院检查确诊的髋关节结核的患者41例。分析其CT表现并比较儿童和成人的影像差别。结果 髋关节结核的主要CT表现为骨质破坏（90．3％），臀肌及下肢肌肉萎缩（87．7％），软组织肿胀及脓肿（75．6％），关节间隙增宽或狭窄（73．1％），关节腔积液（63．5％），关节周围骨质疏松（46．3％）。儿童出现关节积液的比例明显高于成人。结论 CT对髋关节结核的诊断具有重要的价值。     

病灶清除术治疗109例脊椎结核失败原因分析

目的探讨脊椎结核治疗失败的原因及处理办法。方法对１９８７～１９９６年间收治的初次手术治疗失败的脊椎结核１０９例进行回顾性分析。结果治疗失败的主要原因为：化疗不合理及耐药菌株的产生；手术时机、术式选择及术中处理不当；多椎体病变、跳跃型病变及合并其他肺外结核。结论治疗成功的关键是在合理用药的基础上严格掌握手术适应证、选择手术时机和手术途径，清除病灶，解除脊髓压迫，重建脊柱稳定性     

GeneXpert MTB/RIF与线性探针技术检测骨关节结核及利福平耐药性的价值

目的探讨GeneXpert MTB/RIF(简称"GeneXpert")和线性探针技术检测骨关节结核及利福平耐药性的临床应用价值。方法选取2018年3-12月接受病灶清除手术或穿刺术的疑似骨关节结核患者172例,同时采用GeneXpert、线性探针技术及BACTEC MGIT 960对患者病灶标本进行检测。以临床综合诊断为参照标准,评价GeneXpert、线性探针技术及两种方法联合检测骨关节结核的效能。以BACTEC MGIT 960药物敏感性试验(DST)结果为参照标准,评价GeneXpert、线性探针技术及两种方法联合检测MTB对利福平耐药性的效能。结果 172例疑似骨关节结核患者经临床综合诊断,112例诊断为骨关节结核,60例为非骨关节结核。以临床综合诊断为参照标准,GeneXpert检测骨关节结核的敏感度和特异度分别为82. 14%(92/112)和96. 67%(58/60),与临床诊断结果一致性良好(Kappa=0. 74);线性探针技术检测的敏感度和特异度分别为69. 64%(78/112)和90. 00%(54/60),与临床诊断结果一致性一般(Kappa=0. 54);两种方法联合检验的敏感度和特异度分别为82. 14%(92/112)和90. 00%(54/60),与临床诊断结果一致性良好(Kappa=0. 68)。三种方法诊断骨关节结核的受试者工作特征曲线(简称"ROC曲线")下面积分别为0. 89、0. 80、0. 86,提示诊断价值均较好。以BACTEC MGIT 960DST结果为参照标准,GeneXpert检测MTB对利福平耐药性的敏感度和特异度分别为100. 00%(18/18)和92. 31%(24/26),与BACTEC MGIT 960 DST结果一致性较高(Kappa=0. 91),ROC曲线下面积为0. 96;线性探针技术检测MTB对利福平耐药性的敏感度和特异度分别为100.00%(18/18)和88.46%(23/26),与BACTEC MGIT 960 DST结果一致性较高(Kappa=0. 86),ROC曲线下面积为0. 94;两种方法联合检验结果与线性探针技术检测结果一致。结论 GeneXpert、线性探针技术能够快速、准确的检测骨关节结核及其耐药性,具有较好的临床应用价值。     

Supracondylar femoral osteotomy and knee joint replacement during the same surgical procedure in a type A haemophiliac patient with knee flexion deformity and ankylosis

Background

Haemophilia A is the cause of diverse musculoskeletal disorders such as ankylosis, arthritis and associated angular deformity. There are few reported cases in patients with haemophilia A in which simultaneous supracondylar femoral osteotomy and knee joint replacement has been performed to treat knee angular deformity and ankylosis. Here we present the case of an 18 year old male patient, with an evolution of two years, who was unable to walk due to the presence of an untreated supracondylar fracture in the left femur and ipsilateral haemophilic arthropathy which led him to develop an ankylosis in flexion close to 70°.

Clinical results and development of heterotopic ossification in total cervical disc replacement during a 4-year follow-up

Cervical total disc replacement (CTDR) aims to decrease the incidence of adjacent segment disease through motion preservation in the operated disc space. Ongoing data collection and increasing number of studies describing heterotopic ossification (HO) resulting in decreased mobility of implants, forced us to carefully evaluate our long-term clinical and morphological results of patients with CTDR. We present the first 54 consecutive patients treated with 65 ProdiscC™ prostheses during a 12-month period (2/2004–3/2005). All patients signed an informed consent and were included in prospective long-term study approved by hospital ethical committee. The 1- and 2-year follow-up analysis were available for all patients included and 4-year results for 50 patients (60 implants). Clinical (neck disability index-NDI, visual analog scale-VAS) and radiological follow-up was conducted at 1-, 2- and 4-years after the procedure. The Mehren/Suchomel modification of McAfee scale was used to classify the appearance of HO. Mean preoperative NDI was 34.5%, VAS for neck pain intensity 4.6 and VAS for arm pain intensity 5.0. At 1-, 2- and 4-year follow-up, the mean NDI was 30.7, 27.2, and 30.4, mean VAS for neck pain intensity 2.5, 2.1 and 2.9 and mean VAS for arm pain intensity pain 2.2, 1.9 and 2.3, respectively. Significant HO (grade III) was present in 45% of implants and segmental ankylosis (grade IV) in another 18% 4 years after intervention. This finding had no clinical consequences and 92% of patients would undergo the same surgery again. Our clinical results (NDI, VAS) are comparable with fusion techniques. Although, advanced non-fusion technology is used, a significant frequency of HO formation and spontaneous fusion in cervical disc replacement surgery must be anticipated during long-term follow-up.     

聚合酶链反应与分离培养技术检测结核分支杆菌诊断关节结核的对照研究

目的：研究聚合酶链反应（polymerase chain reaction,PCR）技术在关节结核标本结核分支杆菌检测方面的作用,探讨PCR技术对关节结核诊断的临床价值。方法：自1993年6月至2001年8月,对95例（男55例,女40例;年龄2～75岁）关节结核标本分别应用PCR技术和分离培养法盲法检测结核分支杆菌,计算两者检测阳性率,通过统计学处理进行比较。结果：95例关节结核标本结核分支杆菌检测中,PCR技术检测阳性78例,阴性17例,阳性率82％;分离培养法检测阳性15例,阴性80例,P13性率16％。PCR技术与分离培养法比较,Х^2=67,P〈0．001,两种方法对于关节结核标本结核分支杆菌的检出率比较差异有统计学意义。PCR扩增整个过程自动化控制,可在数小时内完成。结论：PCR技术检测关节结核标本具有快速、简便、敏感与特异等优点,明显优于分离培养,对关节结核的早期快速诊断与鉴别诊断具有较重要的临床价值。     

膝关节僵直松解术后自控镇痛下的早期治疗

膝关节附近的骨关节损伤、手术及长期制动,导致关节内伸膝装置的广泛粘连、挛缩,临床上常出现膝关节僵直,治疗较为棘手,极大地影响了患者的生活质量。针对上述情况对膝关节僵直患者采用于术松解,并在术后自控镇痛下进行早期治疗,取得了满意效果,现报告如下。