丹参及血管内皮生长因子对动物肢体缺血模型侧支循环建立的作用

目的 :建立兔左后肢无主干及分支动脉供血的缺血模型 ,并观察丹参及血管内皮生长因子 ( VEGF)对兔后肢缺血模型侧支循环建立的作用。方法 :通过手术方法在兔后肢大腿段建立一个无主干及分支动脉供血的严重缺血模型。动物随机分为 5组 :未治疗组、丹参组、VEGF组、丹参加VEGF组及生理盐水对照治疗组。在解剖及生理水平上观察各组动物缺血肢体缺血及侧支循环建立情况。结果 :术后第 1天未治疗组动物左 /右小腿血压比为 0 ;动脉造影显示左侧只有髂外动脉中段以上显影、以下主干及分支均未显影。对侧后肢主干及分支动脉显影良好 ,即左侧毛细血管密度( 4 9.8± 1 7.6)个 /mm2 ,右侧为 ( 385 .7± 36.7)个 /mm2 ,P<0 .0 0 1 ;毛细血管数 /肌束数比值 :左侧( 0 .2 1± 0 .0 7) ,右侧 ( 0 .98± 0 .0 5 ) ,P<0 .0 0 1。治疗结束时 ,丹参加 VEGF组动物小腿血压比最高( 0 .74± 0 .1 7) ,它显著高于对照组、丹参组和 VEGF组 ;毛细血管密度与毛细血管数 /肌束数比值亦以丹参加 VEGF组为最高 ;动脉造影显示 ,丹参加 VEGF组中缺血组织处具有治疗意义的粗大的侧支循环形成。结论 :丹参与 VEGF联合应用具有强大的促进缺血模型侧支循环建立的作用     

反应停抗Lewis肺癌小鼠肿瘤血管生成的作用

目的 :研究具有抗血管生成作用的药物反应停对 Lewis肺癌小鼠皮下移植瘤和肺转移瘤的作用 ,并探讨其与肿瘤细胞凋亡的关系。方法 :2 4只皮下接种 Lewis肺癌肿瘤细胞 ( 1×1 0 6cell/mouse)的 C57BL/6小鼠随机分为两组 ,治疗组每日反应停 77.5 mg· kg-1灌胃 ,对照组每日生理盐水灌胃。第 2 1天处死动物 ,秤取瘤重、肺重 ,计数肺转移结节数 ,免疫组化染色后计数肿瘤组织微血管密度 ,流氏细胞仪测定分析肿瘤细胞凋亡率及细胞周期。结果 :反应停治疗组皮下移植瘤重量与对照组间差异无显著性 ( P>0 .0 5 ) ,但是肿瘤平均体积有下降趋势 ;反应停治疗组肺重、肺转移结节数目、肿瘤微血管密度低于对照组 ( P<0 .0 5 )。反应停治疗组肿瘤细胞凋亡率及 G1、S、G2 期肿瘤细胞百分数与对照组比较差异无显著性 ( P>0 .0 5 )。结论 :反应停有明显地抑制肿瘤细胞转移的作用 ,移植瘤体积有缩小的趋势 ,但不影响细胞的增殖周期     

脉冲Nd：YAG激光照射对大鼠炎症牙龈组织的作用

患实验性牙龈炎的大鼠牙龈（６例）经脉冲掺钕钇铝柘榴石激光（Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光）照射后进行光镜及超微结构观察。目的在于了解低能量Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光照射对牙龈炎症的治疗作用。炎症牙龈经输出能量为１．５Ｗ，脉冲数为２０ＰＰＳ的激光照射后与对照组相比较，形态学上有如下变化：上皮细胞无变性；牙龈上皮层数较炎症时减少；上皮下炎细胞浸润明显减少；上皮细胞间隙变小；上皮下结缔组织内产生大量的排列致密的胶原纤维。结果提     

Therapeutic Effect of Berberine on 60 Patients with Non－Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus and Experimental Research

ＴｈｅｒａｐｅｕｔｉｃＥｆｆｅｃｔｏｆＢｅｒｂｅｒｉｎｅｏｎ６０ＰａｔｉｅｎｔｓｗｉｔｈＮｏｎ－ＩｎｓｕｌｉｎＤｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔＤｉａｂｅｔｅｓＭｅｌｌｉｔｕｓａｎｄＥｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＮｉＹａｎ－ｘｉａ（倪艳霞）；ＬｉｕＡｎ－ｑ...     

动物与临床胆道梗阻和胆道炎症时胆管组织PGI_2和TXB_2的变化

采用放射免疫法测定实验性胆道炎症兔胆系组织以及几种胆道疾患病人胆系组织中６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α与ＴＸＢ２的含量。结果显示：动物模型组与病人组的上述两指标均显著增高；ＡＯＳＣ病人的ＴＸＢ２增高更明显，而胆道梗阻病人胆管组织无此变化。提示前列腺素类及血栓素对胆道炎症的发生可能有关，ＴＸＢ２的负性作用尤为重要。     

苯妥英钠、苯巴比妥钠诱导建立难治性癫(癎)动物模型

目的探索性应用苯妥英钠（PHT）、苯巴比妥钠（PB）诱导建立难治性癫痫动物模型，并研究其多药耐药机制。方法将60只大鼠随机分为实验组50只和对照组10只；实验组给予亚抽搐剂量戊四氮腹腔注射，其中45只大鼠确定点燃．将其随机分为给药组35只和未给药组10只。给药组应用较大剂量PHT、PB腹腔注射，其间注射小剂量戊四氮．根据Racine行为分级以及脑电图改变，从中筛选出耐PHT和PB的难治性癫痫动物模型。应用免疫组化法观察比较P糖蛋白（Pgp）在各组脑组织中的表达。结果12只大鼠制成难治性癫痫动物模型（耐药组），11只为药物有效组，12只死亡。耐药组大鼠脑组织Pgp表达较对照组、未给药组和药物有效组增强，差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论应用较大剂量PHT和PB诱导点燃大鼠制作难治性癫痫的动物模型．方法可行。该模型可以用于研究难治性癫痫脑内PgP的表达。PgP的高表达与难治性癫痫发生密切相关。     

完全胸腔镜下心内直视手术的实验研究

目的　探索完全胸腔镜下心内直视手术可行性手术过程中的可能风险。方法　选取 6 0支杂种成年狗 ,雌雄不拘 ,按手术前后顺序分为A、B、C三组 ,每组 2 0例 ,行完全胸腔镜下心内直视手术。记录每例手术时间、术中出现的意外损伤 ,对各组结果进行比较。结果　手术平均时间分别为 :A组 (5 6± 1 2 )h ,B组 (3 4± 0 8)h ,C组 (2 1± 0 3)h ;手术失败三组分别为 3、0、0例 ;三组实验动物意外损伤发生率 ,A组明显高于B、C组 (P <0 0 5和 0 0 1) ,分别为 2 4、8、1处。结论　经过一定时间技能训练 ,行完全胸腔镜下心内直视手术是可行的     

Imaging of acute mesenteric ischemia using multidetector CT and CT angiography in a porcine model

Acute mesenteric ischemia, a frequently lethal disease, requires prompt diagnosis and intervention for favorable clinical outcomes. This goal remains elusive due, in part, to lack of a noninvasive and accurate imaging study. Traditional angiography is the diagnostic gold standard but is invasive and costly. Computed tomography (CT) is readily available and noninvasive but has shown variable success in diagnosing this disease. The faster scanning time of multidetector row CT (M.D.CT) greatly facilitates the use of CT angiography (CTA) in the clinical setting. We sought to determine whether M.D.CT-CTA could accurately demonstrate vascular anatomy and capture the earliest stages of mesenteric ischemia in a porcine model. Pigs underwent embolization of branches of the superior mesenteric artery, then imaging by M.D.CT-CTA with three-dimensional reconstruction protocols. After scanning, diseased bowel segments were surgically resected and pathologically examined. Multidetector row CT and CT angiography reliably defined normal and occluded mesenteric vessels in the pig. It detected early changes of ischemia including poor arterial enhancement and venous dilatation, which were seen in all ischemic animals. The radiographic findingsd—compared with pathologic diagnosesd—predicted ischemia, with a positive predictive value of 92%. These results indicate that M.D.CT-CTA holds great promise for the early detection necessary for successful treatment of acute mesenteric ischemia. Presented at the Forty-Sixth Annual Meeting of The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Chicago, Illinois, May 14–18, 2005 (oral presentation). Supported by the Karin Grunebaum Research Fellowship, Harvard Medical School (D.E.R.), the German Research Fellowship, German Research Foundation STR 690/1-1 (O.S.), and the Phillip H. Meyers Grant from the Society of Gastrointestinal Radiologists (S.P.T.).     

肺螨病的病理观察

本文报道螨类接种豚鼠气管引起的肺部病变,并对5种常见螨类的致病性进行比较。发现螨类接种后6天豚鼠肺部已形成典型的结节性病灶。结节圆锥形淡黄色,直径1～5mm之间。镜下表现为细支气管炎和细支气管周围炎,肺实质内有明显的异物肉芽肿形成,炎症在螨类接种豚鼠20天时,肺部嗜酸粒细胞浸润不明显,但30或40天时则出现明显的嗜酸细胞浸润,细支气管周围小动脉受到损害,部分小动脉内可见到螨体残骸。5种常见螨炎接种于5组豚鼠可引起大致相同的病变。从而证明豚鼠可作为动物模型以供肺螨病的研究,同时也证明5种常见贮藏螨具有相同的致病性。     

Lung Transplant Recipients Holding Companion Animals: Impact on Physical Health and Quality of Life

Since lung transplant recipients are susceptible to infections and inhaled pollution, many centers warn against pets. However, data supporting this recommendation are lacking. Our program is less restrictive regarding pets. This study, for the first time, investigates the association of pets with physiological and psychological parameters in these patients. A questionnaire concerning pets was sent to 104 lung transplant recipients. Lung function tests, levels of exhaled nitric oxide (FE(NO)), need for antibiotic treatments and hospitalizations, creatinine clearance, body mass index (BMI) and demographic data were assessed. Additionally, the questionnaire of life satisfaction (FLZ), a question on summarized life satisfaction (LS), the life orientation test (LOT), the hospital anxiety depression scale (HADS) and the social support questionnaire (F-SozU) were assessed. Response rate was 86%. Fifty-two percent defined themselves as pet owners, whereas 48% did not. The two groups did not differ in demographic or physiological data. Significant differences in FLZ (79/65, p = 0.04), in LS (4.3/3.9, p = 0.01), LOT (32/29, p = 0.006) and F-SozU (4.5/4.2, p = 0.04) were found in favor of pet owners. In lung transplant recipients keeping pets the frequency of somatic complications is not higher compared to lung transplant recipients without pets. After lung transplantation, pets are associated with a better quality of life.