Referees 2003

Objective. Type 1 diabetes has a bad prognosis concerning the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate different possible new risk indices for CVD in children with type 1 diabetes. Material and methods. The present study included 30 children with diabetes (mean HbA1C 9.8%), aged between 4.7 and 18.6 years and with no clinical evidence of vascular complications, and 30 healthy subjects matched by sex, age and body mass index. Blood pressure was measured and blood samples were obtained for lipid profile, creatinine, glucose, high sensitive C‐reactive protein (hsCRP), intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), adiponectin and homocysteine. Results. Children with diabetes had significantly higher blood pressure, plasma hsCRP, ICAM‐1, adiponectin levels and lower homocysteine, ADMA concentrations than their control subjects. In multivariate regression analysis, the best predictors for systolic blood pressure were diabetes group, plasma homocysteine concentration and BMI (Adj R² = 0.38, p<0.0001), and for diastolic blood pressure diabetes group and triglycerides level (Adj R² = 0.27, p<0.0001). Conclusions. Children with diabetes, in view of their higher future risk of CVD, are characterized by a higher concentration of protective adiponectin and paradoxically lower blood concentrations of some other possible risk markers of atherosclerosis, i.e. ADMA and homocysteine compared to healthy children.     

Adipokine profile in celiac patients: differences in comparison with patients suffering from diarrhea-predominant IBS and healthy subjects

Abstract

Objective. The role of adipokines such as resistin, leptin, and adiponectin could be pivotal in the molecular crosstalk between the inflamed intestine and the surrounding mesenteric adipose tissue. Our aims were to a) evaluate their circulating concentrations in patients with active celiac disease (ACD) and compare them to those in patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-d) and healthy subjects; b) establish the impact of genetic variability in resistin; and c) evaluate whether a 1-year gluten-free diet (GFD) modifies circulating concentrations of resistin, leptin, and adiponectin in celiac patients. Material and methods. The study included 34 ACD patients, 29 IBS-d patients, and 27 healthy controls. Circulating concentrations of resistin, leptin, adiponectin, IL-6, and IL-8 were evaluated at the time of enrollment. Resistin +299 G/A polymorphism was also analysed. In CD patients, biochemical measurements were repeated after a 1-year GFD. Results. Along with higher IL-6 and IL-8 plasma levels, higher resistin and adiponectin concentrations were found in ACD and IBS-d patients compared with controls (p: 0.0351 and p: 0.0020, respectively). Resistin values proved to be predictable from a linear combination of IL-8 and +299 polymorphism. GFD affected resistin (p: 0.0009), but not leptin and adiponectin concentrations. Conclusions. Our data suggest that these adipokines are involved in modulating inflammatory processes in both CD and IBS-d patients. Alterations in the adipokine profile as well as the higher prevalence of the resistin +299 G/A SNP A allele compared to controls support the hypothesis that, at least in well-defined cases of IBS, a genetic component may also be supposed.     

Serum adipokine levels in chronic liver diseases: Association of resistin levels with fibrosis severity

Objective. Leptin and adiponectin have been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and chronic hepatitis C (CHC), but little is known about the role of resistin in chronic liver diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate serum levels of the above three adipokines in relation to the etiology of liver disease and to determine their associations with histological severity. Material and methods. We prospectively evaluated 146 patients (HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB): 52, CHC: 70, NASH: 24) who consecutively underwent liver biopsy. Detailed epidemiological, anthropometric and laboratory data were recorded. Histological lesions were evaluated blindly according to the Ishak and the Brunt classifications for CHB/CHC and NASH, respectively. Results. Serum adipokine levels were similar between CHB and CHC patients, while CHB/CHC patients had significantly lower leptin levels compared with NASH patients (8.3±7.3 versus 17.6±16.6 ng/ml, p=0.012) and higher adiponectin (10.2±5.1 versus 7.5±4 µg/ml, p=0.018) and resistin levels (7.1±2.5 versus 5.7±2.8 ng/ml, p=0.016). In CHB/CHC, there was no significant association between steatosis or necroinflammation and levels of adipokines, while the presence of moderate/severe fibrosis (stages 4–6) was associated with higher leptin and adiponectin levels in male but not in female patients and with lower resistin levels irrespective of gender or other factors (adjusted odds ratio=0.788, p=0.035). Conclusions. Serum adipokine levels depend on the etiology of liver disease differing between chronic viral hepatitis and NASH, but not between CHB and CHC. In CHB/CHC, resistin levels are independently associated with fibrosis severity, whereas in the association of leptin and adiponectin levels with fibrosis, it seems to be a gender effect.     

脂联素在脓毒症中的变化及与疾病严重程度相关性分析

目的 探讨血浆总脂联素(APN)及高分子脂联素(HAP)在脓毒症中的变化规律、与感染的关系以及对疾病预后的提示意义.方法 采用前瞻性研究方法,选择2011年6月至11月本院重症监护病房(ICU)脓毒症患者80例,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测入ICU 2 h、2d、6d血浆APN水平(总APN及HAP),并测定降钙素原(PCT)、内毒素水平,进行急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)、序贯器官衰竭评分(SOFA)、简化急性生理学评分Ⅱ(SAPSⅡ)评分,计算胰岛素抵抗指数;并以20例健康志愿者及21例全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)患者作为对照.结果 脓毒症患者入ICU 2 h血浆总APN(mg/L)及HAP(mg/L)水平较健康对照组和SIRS组显著下降[总APN:2.87 (2.28,3.89)比6.48±1.53、3.72 (2.67,4.59),HAP:2.64( 2.07,3.75)比5.12±1.98、3.33(2.23,4.24),P＜0.05或P＜0.01],且与PCT水平呈显著负相关(r1=-0.559,r2=-0.530,均P＜0.01),与内毒素水平均无相关性;通过偏相关分析校正危重患者胰岛素抵抗对APN水平造成的影响后发现,APN与PCT及内毒素的相关性与未校正前基本相同.一般脓毒症、严重感染、感染性休克组间APN差异存在统计学意义,且与APACHEⅡ、SOFA、SAPSⅡ评分呈显著负相关(总APN r值分别为-0.868、-0.766、-0.725,HAP r值分别为-0.859、-0.715、-0.692,均P＜0.01);脓毒症存活患者(41例)血浆总APN和HAP水平随疾病治愈逐渐升高(x21=34.520,x22=27.802,均P＜0.01),死亡患者(7例)总APN、HAP水平则呈下降趋势(x21=3.938,x22=3.938,均P＞0.05);入ICU 2 h总APN、HAP与ICU住院时间(r1=-0.275,P1=0.014;r2=-0.299,P2=0.007)、机械通气时间(r1=-0.393,r2=-0.519,均P＜0.01)呈显著负相关.结论 血浆总APN及HAP在脓毒症患者中明显下降,与PCT水平呈负相关,对感染有诊断意义,且与脓毒症严重程度有关,可提示预后.     

中国人群脂联素基因启动子区-11377C/G位点多态性与2型糖尿病易感性的Meta 分析

目的 探讨中国人群脂联素基因启动子区-11377C/G位点多态性与2型糖尿病易感的相关性.方法 检索2011年11月前中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库(VIP)及Medline、Cochrane Library、Embase、Springer、Ovid等数据库,收集有关中国人群脂联素基因-11377C/G多态性与2型糖尿病的相关性研究;评价纳入研究质量,提取有效数据,采用Review Manager5.0软件进行Meta分析.结果 共纳入12组研究中国人群脂联素基因启动子区-11377C/G位点多态性与2型糖尿病的相关性的病例-对照研究,2型糖尿病病例2 598例,对照4 508例.Meta分析发现,脂联素基因启动子区-11377C/G位点C/G多态性与2型糖尿病相关性中G等位基因与C等位基因[OR=1.14,95%CI(1.03,1.25),P=0.009]、基因型(CG+GG)与CC[OR=1.19,95%CI(1.06,1.35),P=0.004]、基因型CG与CC[OR=1.14,95%CI(1.00,1.29),P=0.05]、基因型GG与CC[OR=1.34,95%CI(1.06,1.71),P=0.02]均具有统计学意义差异.结论 中国人群脂联素基因启动子区-11377C/G位点多态性与2型糖尿病易感性存在相关性.     

慢性丙型肝炎发生肝脂肪变与脂联素的关系

目的探讨慢性丙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis C,CHC)患者发生肝脂肪变与脂联素的关系。方法 80例CHC患者分为有肝脂肪变组8例与无肝脂肪变组72例,单纯非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)26例为对照组,比较各组血清脂联素等生化指标。结果 2组CHC患者糖代谢及脂代谢指标、丙型肝炎病毒核糖核酸水平、血清脂联素水平、肝脏炎症程度比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),CHC组血清脂联素水平高于NAFLD组(P<0.01);脂联素与年龄、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和丙型肝炎病毒核糖核酸水平呈正相关(P<0.05),与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、载脂蛋白-B、三酰甘油和空腹血糖水平呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论 CHC患者发生肝脂肪变与血清脂联素无关;血清脂联素与年龄、肝脏炎症程度和丙型肝炎病毒核糖核酸水平呈正相关,与血糖、血脂水平呈负相关。     

2型糖尿病患者皮下?大网膜脂肪组织脂联素mRNA表达变化及意义

目的:观察2型糖尿病患者皮下及大网膜脂肪组织脂联素(adiponectin)表达水平的变化,及其与血清脂联素、体质指数(BMI)、腰围(WC),腰/臀比值(WHR)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、尿酸(UA)等相关指标的关系,探讨脂联素在2型糖尿病患者发生胰岛素抵抗中的作用。方法:用半定量RT-PCR方法检测23例2型糖尿病合并肥胖患者(DM+FAT)、23例2型糖尿病患者(DM)、33例非糖尿病肥胖患者(control+FAT)、23例非糖尿病患者(control)腹部皮下及大网膜脂肪组织脂联素mRNA的表达水平,并测量身高、体重、腰围、臀围、血压、FPG、HbA1C、血脂、尿酸、血清脂联素,并计算BMI、WHR。结果:①糖尿病肥胖组SBP、DBP、FPG、HbA1c、TG、LDL-C、尿酸均高于对照肥胖组,HDL-C、皮下及大网膜脂肪组织脂联素mRNA表达量、血清脂联素均低于对照肥胖组(P<0.01)。两组的大网膜脂联素表达量低于其皮下表达量(P<0...     

胃肠道肿瘤患者腹内脂肪脂联素的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨胃肠道肿瘤患者腹内脂肪组织中脂联素mRNA的表达及其临床意义.方法:临床收集39例胃肠道肿瘤手术患者(其中转移组21例,未转移组18例)和20例非肿瘤正常对照组腹内脂肪;提取脂肪组织中总RNA,采用real-time PCR技术检测脂联素的表达水平.结果:胃肠道肿瘤组脂肪组织脂联素水平较对照组降低,差异有统计...     

脂联素对2型糖尿病患者心血管并发症的影响

目的：探讨2型糖尿病患者血清脂联素水平与大血管病变的关系。方法：将所选2型糖尿病患者分为单纯2型糖尿病组（B组）和2型糖尿病合并心脑血管病变组（C组）,以健康体检者为对照组（A组）,对各组脂联素、颈动脉内膜中层厚度（CIMT）等指标进行统计学分析。结果：B和C组脂联素水平均低于A组（P〈0.05）,C组最低（P〈0.01）;脂联素与CIMT呈负相关（P〈0.01）。结论：血清脂联素水平降低是2型糖尿病患者心血管并发症的主要危险因子,参与2型糖尿病大血管病变的发生和发展过程。     

丹参酮对急性冠状动脉综合征患者脂联素水平的影响

目的观察丹参酮治疗对急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）患者脂联素水平的影响。方法将64例ACS患者入院后随机分为常规治疗组（n=32）及丹参酮治疗组（丹参酮IIA磺酸钠60mg/d,n=32）。分别于治疗前及治疗10d后应用酶联免疫法检测患者血清脂联素与高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）水平,并观察血流变学及血脂水平的改变。结果治疗前后组内比较,两组患者血清TC、TG、LDL-C水平及全血粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积、血清hs-CRP均低于治疗前（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,血清脂联素浓度高于治疗前（P〈0.01）。治疗10d后,与常规治疗组相比,丹参酮治疗组血TC、LDL-C明显减低（P〈0.05）,全血粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积及血清hs-CRP均低于常规治疗组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,血清脂联素浓度高于常规治疗组（P〈0.01）。结论丹参酮治疗能明显升高急性冠状动脉综合征脂联素水平,降低hs-CRP、TC、LDL-C水平并改善其血流变学状态。