微型接骨板治疗儿童尺桡骨骨折疗效观察

目的：探讨微型接骨板内固定治疗儿童尺桡骨骨折的疗效。方法：自2007年5月至2008年8月共收治的25例儿童尺桡骨骨折,应用微型接骨板进行内固定治疗,根据术中固定情况,指导患儿进行功能锻炼,观察骨折愈合情况。结果：随访2～12个月,平均随访时间6个月。术后切口愈合良好,肘腕部屈伸及前臂旋转活动满意。根据临床骨折愈合评判标准和X线摄片,所有骨折均达临床一期愈合标准。结论：切开复位微型接骨板内固定治疗儿童尺桡骨骨折,固定可靠,术后可早期进行功能锻炼,利于前臂功能的康复,是一种较理想的治疗儿童尺桡骨骨折方法。     

Kudzu root: traditional uses and potential medicinal benefits in diabetes and cardiovascular diseases

Kudzu root (Gegen in Chinese) is the dried root of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, a semi-woody, perennial and leguminous vine native to South East Asia. It is often used interchangeably in traditional Chinese medicine with thomson kudzu root (Fengen in Chinese), the dried root of P. thomsonii, although the Chinese Pharmacopoeia has separated them into two monographs since the 2005 edition. For more than 2000 years, kudzu root has been used as a herbal medicine for the treatment of fever, acute dysentery, diarrhoea, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Both English and Chinese literatures on the traditional applications, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, toxicology, quality control and potential interactions with conventional drugs of both species have been included in the present review. Over seventy phytochemicals have been identified in kudzu root, with isoflavonoids and triterpenoids as the major constituents. Isoflavonoids, in particular puerarin, have been used in most of the pharmacological studies. Animal and cellular studies have provided support for the traditional uses of kudzu root on cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and endocrine systems, including diabetes and its complications. Further studies to define the active phytochemical compositions, quality standards and clinical efficacy are warranted. Strong interdisciplinary collaboration to bridge the gap between traditional medicine and modern biomedical medicine is therefore needed for the development of kudzu root as an effective medicine for the management of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.     

欧盟2008～2009年CAPs抽样及检验计划报告分析

目的 研究欧盟2008～2009年CAPs抽样及检验计划报告.方法 对欧盟CAPs抽样及检验计划的相关文献和2008、2009年检验报告进行研究与分析.结果与结论 欧盟CAPs抽样及检验计划已逐渐成熟,对我国有一定的参考借鉴价值.     

Die Zulassung von Impfstoffen Regelungen und Prozesse auf europäischer Ebene

In the European Union three different procedures for licensing medical products exist: the national licensing procedure, the centralised licensing procedure as well as the mutual recognition facilitation procedure (MRFP). The paper will discuss all three procedures with respect to the licensing of vaccines. In addition it focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of each procedure and discusses the resulting consequences for vaccine application as well as the development of vaccination schemes.     

胰十二指肠切除术病人胃电图变化

通过对胰十二指肠切除术病人手术前后体表胃电图的研究，探讨手术对病人胃电及排空功能的影响。结果表明：保留幽门的胰十二指肠切除术病人术前６０％存在胃律紊乱及胃排空障碍，８０％此类病人术后出现胃电及胃排空异常。上述结果提示：对拟行保留幽门的胰十二指肠切除术病人术前胃电图检查表现胃节律紊乱及胃排空障碍者，术中应考虑胃及空肠造瘘。     

Association between consultation length and patient experience of ambulatory care in China: a cross-sectional study

Background

A longer time in consultation with doctors in ambulatory care has been associated with better quality of care. Patient experience is of great concern to policy makers and is linked with health-care quality. However, the relationship between consultation length and patient experience remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the effect of consultation length on patient experience, based on analysis of a cross-sectional nationwide patient survey data in China.

Health impacts of increasing alcohol prices in the European Union: A dynamic projection

Objective

Western Europe has high levels of alcohol consumption, with corresponding adverse health effects. Currently, a major revision of the EU excise tax regime is under discussion. We quantify the health impact of alcohol price increases across the EU.

Data and method

We use alcohol consumption data for 11 member states, covering 80% of the EU-27 population, and corresponding country-specific disease data (incidence, prevalence, and case-fatality rate of alcohol related diseases) taken from the 2010 published Dynamic Modelling for Health Impact Assessment (DYNAMO-HIA) database to dynamically project the changes in population health that might arise from changes in alcohol price.

Results

Increasing alcohol prices towards those of Finland (the highest in the EU) would postpone approximately 54,000 male and approximately 26,100 female deaths over 10 years. Moreover, the prevalence of a number of chronic diseases would be reduced: in men by approximately 97,800 individuals with diabetes, 65,800 with stroke and 62,200 with selected cancers, and in women by about 19,100, 23,500, and 27,100, respectively.

Conclusion

Curbing excessive drinking throughout the EU completely would lead to substantial gains in population health. Harmonisiation of prices to the Finnish level would, for selected diseases, achieve more than 40% of those gains.     

Vessel invasion as a predictive factor for recurrence after surgery in stage I lung adenocarcinoma

BackgroundPatients with early-stage lung cancer who underwent R0 resection often encounter disease recurrence, especially during the early phase; thus, it is deemed vital to determine the predictive factors for recurrence after surgery. In this study, we aimed to identify the independent variables associated with recurrence after complete surgical resection of pathological stage I lung adenocarcinoma.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 169 patients who underwent pulmonary resection for primary lung adenocarcinoma pathological stage I with curative intent lung cancer surgery from 2015 to December 2018 at our institution for information on the recurrence of the disease.ResultsPer the multivariate analysis, the presence of micropapillary pattern and vessel invasion were found to be independent predictors of disease recurrence after surgery (odds ratio [OR]: 9.36, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.42–36.2, P = 0.0012; and OR: 4.50, 95% CI: 1.52–13.4, P = 0.0068, respectively). Vessel invasion was also found to be an independent predictor of disease recurrence after surgery within a year (OR 11.4, 95% CI 3.08–42.5, P = 0.0003).ConclusionsThe presence of vessel invasion may help in distinguishing patients with the highest risk of early-phase disease recurrence after surgery. Patients with stage I adenocarcinoma with vessel invasion should undergo intensive surveillance after surgery.     

Compliance with the criteria of involuntary admission in China's Mental Health Law: a national cross-sectional study of patients admitted to hospital involuntarily

Background

China's Mental Health Law was implemented in 2013 to provide a legal foundation to protect patients' rights and provide involuntary treatment for patients at high risk of suicide or self-injury, or of harming others, or both. However, the law has not been thoroughly examined since its implementation. This study aimed to examine compliance of major psychiatric hospitals in China with the criteria of involuntary admission defined in the Mental Health Law.