Compartment syndrome and rhabdomyolysis as a positioning complication following retrosigmoid craniotomy

The goal of surgical positioning is to provide optimal surgical access and visualization while maintaining the patient's safety, with the least physiological compromise. Here, we report a 30-year-old man with an unremarkable past medical history who developed superior vena cava syndrome after a 15-hour retrosigmoid craniotomy for removal of a right cerebellopontine (CP) angle tumor. Compartment syndrome from the head to neck and rhabdomyolysis were recognized, with extensive swelling of his head and neck, markedly swollen soft tissues and necrosis of multiple muscles revealed by computed tomography, and very high concentrations of creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate transaminase. Immediate intensive care and rehabilitation therapy were provided and aimed at maintaining adequate perfusion/oxygenation and decreasing tissue pressure. He was successfully weaned from ventilation on postoperative day (POD) 25, transferred to a general ward on POD 29, and discharged with mild muscular and neurological sequelae on POD 51. Careful adjustment of surgical positioning is crucial for patient safety, especially when positioned at an extreme position in association with prolonged surgery.     

Does post dural puncture headache exist in idiopathic intracranial hypertension? A pilot study

Background/ObjectiveOccurrence of post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) after diagnostic lumbar puncture (LP) for idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) may seem very unlikely in clinical practice. Nevertheless, it has been suggested by several studies, mainly in sub-group analyses. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of PDPH in an IIH population and determine any eventual predictive factors of PDPH occurrence.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective multiple-center observational study. All newly diagnosed IIH patients who met the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3) or the Dandy modified criteria were included from three different French hospitals. They all underwent LP following the same process with the same type of needle. We recorded PDPH occurring within five days after LP, as defined by ICHD-3 criteria.ResultsSeventy-four IIH patients were recruited, of whom 23 (31%) presented with PDPH. Neither classical risk factors for PDPH such as body mass index, age or gender, nor cerebrospinal fluid opening pressure, or specific IIH features were associated with occurrence of PDPH.ConclusionPDPH can occur after LP in IIH patients. Clinicians should be aware of this possible event during the IIH diagnosis assessment and should not automatically reconsider IIH diagnosis. PDPH prevention using an atraumatic needle and dedicated PDPH treatment seem relevant in IIH patients.     

杠杆定位手法治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效及对Cobb角影响

目的:观察杠杆定位手法治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效及对Cobb角的影响。方法:2017年12月至2018年11月纳入67例腰椎间盘突出症患者进行研究,将67例患者用随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组34例,其中男20例,女14例,年龄(36.09±8.26)岁,病程(13.79±15.50)个月,采用杠杆定位手法治疗。对照组33例,其中男18例,女15例,年龄(36.48±7.81)岁,病程(12.82±15.68)个月,采用腰椎斜扳法治疗。两组每周均治疗3次,隔1 d治疗1次,6次为1个疗程,治疗2个疗程后,通过影像学资料比较两组患者治疗前后Cobb角的变化;参照临床评定标准对症状体征进行评分;参照国家中医药管理局颁布的腰椎间盘突出症《中医病证诊断疗效标准》对总体疗效进行评价。结果:两组各有1例脱落患者。治疗组和对照组治疗前症状体征评分分别是18.56±4.81,18.61±3.72,治疗后分别为9.41±5.19,13.55±3.68,治疗后治疗组症状体征评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05),总体疗效有效率治疗组和对照组分别为97.06%、75.76%,治疗组优于对照组(P<0.05),治疗后两组患者的Cobb角均有变小(P<0.05)。治疗组和对照组治疗前Cobb角分别为(17.95±4.45)°,(18.14±3.59)°,治疗后分别为(18.14±3.59)°,(15.49±1.75)°,治疗组Cobb角变化优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:杠杆定位手法与腰椎斜扳法两种方法对腰椎间盘突出症治疗均有疗效,但杠杆定位手法治疗腰椎间盘突出症患者的疗效更为显著,对Cobb角的影响更为明显,值得推广。     

Suggestive evidence of genetic association of −572G > C polymorphism with primary open angle glaucoma in a North Indian Punjabi population

BackgroundIL6 is an important candidate gene implicated in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. The present study assessed the genetic association of −174G > C and −572G > C polymorphisms in the IL6 promoter region with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) in a north Indian Punjabi cohort.Methods910 subjects (313 POAG, 148 PACG cases and 449 controls) were recruited. Genotyping was done by TaqMan assays. Genetic association was tested under different genetic models using Plink. Diplotype and linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis was done through Haploview. Association of clinical parameters with the genotypes was assessed by one-way ANOVA. Adjustment for potential confounding variables was done by binary logistic regression. IL6 levels were measured in POAG patients and controls.Results572G > C variant showed marginal difference in genotype frequency between pooled cases and POAG subgroup with respect to controls (p = 0.042; OR = 1.33; and p = 0.041; OR = 1.37). The GC genotype conferred 1.37-fold protection under codominant model in POAG cases (p = 0.034, OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.02–1.85; p_corr = 0.025, OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.04–2.02). The mean value for IOP was elevated among cases having ‘CC’ genotype at the −572G > C locus (p = 0.037).Lower levels of IL6 were detected in POAG patients in plasma samples (p = 0.0001).ConclusionThe study reports suggestive evidence for −572G > C variant in IL6 in affecting genetic susceptibility to POAG in the targeted North Indian Punjabi cohort. A correlation of IL6 levels in aqueous humor (AH) and systemic circulation in POAG was observed, the functional and diagnostic relevance of which may be further investigated.     

减小后牙▉平面倾斜度对安氏Ⅱ类高角畸形髁突位置影响的研究

目的: 研究在安氏Ⅱ类高角畸形正畸治疗中,减小后牙平面倾斜度对髁突位置的影响。方法: 15例安氏Ⅱ类高角畸形患者,年龄15~30岁。治疗前ANB>5°,下颌平面角FH-MP>32°,磨牙关系为双侧远中关系。常规排齐整平及适当扩弓后,利用多曲唇弓导下颌向前,并使后牙平面平坦化。利用锥形束CT（cone-beam CT,CBCT）测量治疗前、后颞下颌关节前、上、后间隙及后牙平面的改变情况。采用SPSS19软件包对变化量进行t检验;并利用相关性分析,进一步探讨髁突位置改变量与后牙平面倾斜度减小量之间的相关性。结果: 所有患者磨牙尖牙关系均调整到中性,侧貌改善明显,髁突后间隙平均增加(0.88±0.17)mm,变化有统计学意义(P<0.001);髁突上间隙平均增加(0.45±0.20)mm,变化也具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。后牙平面变平坦,POP-SN及POP-FH平均减小3.59°±2.31°及2.31°±3.62°,变化具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。髁突前间隙变化量无统计学意义,髁突位置改变量与后牙平面倾角的变化量之间无显著相关性。结论: 在安氏Ⅱ类高角畸形患者的正畸治疗中,通过正畸减小后牙平面倾斜度,可使髁突的位置发生适当的前下改变,有利于关节症状的改善。     

Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia Caused by Arachnoid Cyst in the Cerebellopontine Angle

Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is a relatively rare condition characterized by severe, paroxysmal episodes of lancinating pain in the tongue, throat, ear, and tonsil. This disorder is assumed to be due to compression of the glossopharyngeal nerve by vascular structures. A 47-year-old woman complaining of sharp and lancinating pain in the right periauricular and submandibular areas visited our hospital. Swallowing, chewing, and lying on her right side triggered the pain. Her neurologic examination revealed no specific abnormalities. The results of routine hematologic and blood chemistry studies were all within normal limits. Carbamazepine and gabapentin were given, but her symptoms persisted. Her pain was temporarily relieved only by narcotic pain medication. MRI showed an arachnoid cyst located in the right cerebellomedullary cistern extending to the cerebellopontine cistern. Cyst removal was performed via a right retrosigmoid approach. Lateral suboccipital craniotomy was performed using the right park-bench position. After opening the dura and cerebellopontine angle, the arachnoid cyst was exposed. The arachnoid cyst was compressing the flattened lower cranial nerves at the right jugular fossa. Her symptoms resolved postoperatively. Two months after the operation, she was completely free from her previous symptoms.     

浆细胞性乳腺炎1例治疗体会

目的:采用中药内服与外治相结合的方法治疗浆细胞性乳腺炎早期。方法:采用穿刺法抽出脓液,用甲硝唑注射液行脓腔冲洗,再配合中药内服。结果:患者疗效好、病程短。结论:在浆细胞性乳腺炎早期脓肿形成还未破溃时,采用中药内服与外治相结合的方法能很快缓解病情,防止疾病进一步发展,具有经济、有效、创伤小、防止乳房变形等优点。     

上颌窦穿刺冲洗治疗儿童急慢性鼻窦炎的效果分析

目的分析上颌窦穿刺冲洗治疗儿童急慢性鼻窦炎的临床疗效。方法将320例儿童(7~12岁)急慢性鼻窦炎患者采用随机平行试验设计,分为实验组160例和对照组160例,两组均服用鼻窦炎口服液1次10 m l,每日3次,实验组在鼻腔黏膜麻醉下行上颌窦穿刺,用0.9%氯化钠溶液加甲硝唑注射液反复冲洗后,窦腔内注入地塞米松5mg,每周一次;鼻腔内滴1%呋喃西林麻黄素液,3次/d,15 d为一个疗程。对照组口服广谱抗生素+鼻腔内滴1%呋喃西林麻黄素液,3次/d,15 d为一个疗程。治疗结束后每月复查1次,6个月后进行疗效评定。结果实验组的治愈率84.38%,总有效率98.75%,均显著高于对照组,两组间比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论上颌窦穿刺冲洗结合鼻窦炎口服液治疗儿童急、慢性鼻窦炎疗效可靠,穿刺前充分评估患儿病情,实施健康教育,加强心理护理是上颌窦穿刺治疗顺利进行的基础,也是上颌窦穿刺成功的重要保证。