颈前路空心螺钉内固定治疗齿状突骨折

目的 探讨颈前路空心螺钉内固定治疗齿状突骨折的效果.方法 24例齿状突骨折病人,在X线监测下施行颈前路空心螺钉内固定治疗,并分析结果.结果 随访6～40个月,全部病人获得骨性愈合,无明显并发症.结论 齿状突骨折应用前路空心螺钉内固定,可获得良好结果,能保留寰枢椎间的运动功能,并发症发生率低.     

胡枝子醇提工艺的研究

以总黄酮量为指标,对胡枝子醇提浓度进行选择试验;考查了水、40%乙醇、55%乙醇、70%乙醇、85%乙醇提取液中总黄酮的提取量,采用紫外分光光度法测定总黄酮含量,并绘制了曲线图;结果表明胡枝子醇提以55%～60%乙醇提取为佳。以总黄酮量、浸膏得率为指标,对胡枝子醇提工艺参数进行选择试验;采用正交试验法考查了加醇量、提取次数、提取时间对提取液中总黄酮提取量、浸膏得率的影响,采用紫外分光光度法测定总黄酮含量,并进行了验证试验;结果表明胡枝子醇提以55%～60%乙醇回流提取2次,第1次加7倍量,回流2.0h,第2次加5倍量水,回流1.5h提取为佳。     

雷诺嗪的合成工艺改进

目的:合成抗心绞痛药雷诺嗪并进行工艺改进。方法:以邻甲氧基苯酚、2,6-二甲基苯胺为原料经过酰化、烃化、缩合、加成四步反应合成雷诺嗪。结果:所得产物化学结构经核磁共振氢谱及质谱确证,总收率为49.1%。结论:改进的合成工艺简便、合理且可行。     

三花鼻康胶囊中金银花提取工艺的考察

目的考察三花鼻康胶囊中金银花的提取工艺。方法利用L9(34)正交实验法选出金银花有效成分绿原酸、异绿原酸的最佳提取方法及绿原酸的含量测定。结果考察出金银花的最佳提取工艺为A2B2C1,即纯净干燥药材加10倍量的水,煎煮2次,30 m in/次。结论正交实验法选择金银花的提取工艺切实可行。     

蒙药三子胶囊剂成型工艺研究

目的研究蒙药三子胶囊剂的成型工艺及质量控制标准。方法通过测定内容物的休止角、堆密度、吸湿率等确定最佳成型工艺;采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定三子胶囊剂中有效成分栀子苷含量。结果三子胶囊内容物含药材细粉30%时,25℃吸湿率为5.46%,临界相对湿度(CRH)为75%;胶囊中栀子苷含量控制约为12.61~15.30 mg/粒。结论以此工艺制备三子胶囊质量符合相关要求。     

正交实验法优选虎杖中白藜芦醇的提取工艺

目的探讨虎杖中白藜芦醇的最佳水提工艺。方法采用正交实验法:4因素,3水平,以提取物中白藜芦醇含量为评价指标。结果实验设计因素中提取温度、提取次数的影响最为显著。结论白藜芦醇的最佳提取工艺为:加水量10倍,提取温度100℃,提取1次,180 m in/次。     

流程化进阶管理在病案质量监控中的应用

病案质量是医院医疗质量考核的重要内容之一,有效的监控病案质量将有助于提高医院的医疗、教学、科研和管理水平。按照流程化进阶管理模式,在制定流程、实施流程、改进流程和总结流程的过程中,不断进行持续改进,实现流程的优化运作,逐步达到病案质量监控效果的最大化。     

Der diagnostische Wert der LDH-Bestimmung und ihrer Isoenzyme bei intrakraniellen Prozessen

Summary LDH and the 5 isoenzymes were determined in cerebral spinal fluid in cases of intracranial processes (tumors, angiomas, hydrocephalus). No significant changes were found.

     

Ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 effects on mesencephalic dopaminergic cells stressed with glutamate

Ginseng, the root of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Araliaceae), is a well known and popular herbal medicine used worldwide. Among more than 30 ginsenosides, the active ingredients of ginseng, ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 are regarded as the main compounds responsible for many pharmaceutical actions of ginseng. In our study, primary cultures from embryonic mouse mesencephala were exposed to neurotoxic glutamate concentration and potential protective effects of these two ginsenosides on survival and neuritic growth of dopaminergic cells were tested. Treatment of primary mesencephalic culture with 500 microM glutamate for 15 min on the 10th day in vitro (DIV) increased the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) into the culture medium, the propidium iodide (PI) uptake by cultured cells and the total number of nuclei with condensed and fragmented chromatin (apoptotic features) as evaluated with Hoechst 33342. Moreover, it extensively decreased the number of tyrosine hydroxylase immunopositive (TH+) cells and adversely affected the length and number of their neuronal processes. The toxic effect of glutamate was primarily mediated by over-activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA) as treatment of cultured cells with (+)-MK 801, an NMDA receptor antagonist, nearly abolished dopaminergic cells loss and LDH release induced by glutamate. When either ginsenoside was added alone for six consecutive days (at final concentrations 0.1, 1, 10, 20 microM), ginsenoside Rb1 (at 10 microM) significantly enhanced the survival of dopaminergic neurons compared to untreated controls. In these cultures, neurite lengths and numbers were not affected by both ginsenosides. Against glutamate exposure, ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 could not prevent cell death. However when pre-treating for 4 days or post-treating for 2 days following glutamate exposure, they significantly increased the numbers and lengths of neurites of surviving dopaminergic cells. Thus our study indicates that ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 have a partial neurotrophic and neuroprotective role in dopaminergic cell culture.