浙江省男男性行为人群网络临时性伴的知情交友状况分析

目的 分析浙江省MSM网络临时性伴的HIV感染状况知情交友（知情交友）状况及相关因素,为干预措施制定提供参考依据。方法 2018年6-12月在杭州市、宁波市、温州市、台州市和绍兴市,由社会组织和自愿咨询与检测门诊招募符合研究对象标准的MSM,招募样本量为793人。采用自行设计问卷,采用面对面方式问卷调查,收集社会人口学特征、艾滋病知识、性行为、知情交友行为等信息。采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 在MSM 767人中,最近6个月发生网络临时性行为302人,发生网络型临时性行为、网络/场所混合型临时性行为者分别占62.6%（189/302）和37.4%（113/302）。在网络临时性伴的知情交友中,已告知、已询问和已知晓者分别占54.6%（165/302）、49.2%（146/297）和42.9%（82/191）,知晓网络临时性伴HIV阴性状况后坚持使用安全套者占75.8%（113/149）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,最近6个月网络临时性伴的知情交友中未询问的相关因素包括年龄25~34岁（aOR=2.17,95%CI：1.20~3.91）、最近6个月网络临时性伴数>2个（aOR=2.13,95%CI：1.27~3.57）、不认为网络临时性伴HIV感染风险较高（aOR=1.96,95%CI：1.14~3.35）、既往HIV检测数>1次（aOR=0.38,95%CI：0.22~0.66）。结论 浙江省MSM网络临时性伴的知情交友的意愿较高,但知情交友行为及知晓对方HIV检测结果的比例较低,针对MSM的网络临时性伴较多、认为网络临时性伴感染风险低和HIV检测次数较少者,需加强健康教育和促进知情交友的行为干预。     

男男性行为人群肛门人乳头瘤病毒16型和18型新发感染和自然清除的队列研究

目的 了解乌鲁木齐市MSM肛门HPV16型和18型的感染和自然清除情况。方法 采用动态队列研究的方法,按照队列研究样本量计算公式以HPV16型新发感染率估计样本量为712人。依托乌鲁木齐市MSM社会组织用滚雪球方式招募MSM 810名,每6个月随访1次。采集肛门脱落细胞分析HPV16型和18型感染率,利用Poission回归估计新发感染密度和持续感染密度,采用Cox比例风险模型探寻新发感染、持续感染和感染自然清除的影响因素。结果 招募MSM 810名,将随访次数≥2次的482名MSM纳入分析,随访994.7人年,随访次数和随访时间的M（P₂₅,P₇₅）分别为4（3,5）次和2.2（1.8,2.6）年。HPV16型和18型的基线感染率分别为8.5%（41/482）和3.3%（16/482）,两型基线混合感染率为0.6%（3/482）。HPV16型和18型的首次新发感染密度分别为10.06（95%CI：8.12~12.45）/100人年和5.24（95%CI：3.95~6.96）/100人年;HPV16型和18型感染自然清除率分别为71.2%（89/125）和71.8%（46/64）,HPV18型随访1.5年的感染自然清除率高于HPV16型（97.7%比94.1%）。HPV16型和18型的持续感染率分别为4.5%（20/441）和1.7%（8/466）。无婚史者比有婚史者的HPV16型持续感染风险低（aHR=0.29,95%CI：0.12~0.71）。最近6个月肛交未使用安全套者HPV18型自然清除率是使用安全套者2.63倍（95%CI：1.08~6.42）。结论 乌鲁木齐市MSM HPV16和18型新发感染较常见,自然清除率均较高。相比于HPV18型,HPV16型有更高的新发感染率和持续感染率,自然清除率低,致病风险较大。     

男男性行为者对HIV非职业暴露后预防的认知及相关因素分析

目的 了解MSM对HIV非职业暴露后预防（nPEP）的认知情况,以及使用nPEP的相关因素。方法 2019年3月15日至4月14日,采用滚雪球抽样方法,分别在北京市、深圳市和昆明市MSM社会组织招募年龄≥18岁男性、最近3个月发生过男男性行为、听说过HIV nPEP等符合条件的研究对象,通过“i卫士”收集人口学、行为学特征、nPEP基本知识及其咨询和使用情况。采用logistic回归模型对是否使用nPEP的相关因素进行分析。结果 共调查1 809人,nPEP基本知识知晓率为39.8%（720/1 809）,33.4%（605/1 809）咨询过nPEP,15.0%（271/1 809）使用过nPEP。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,研究对象使用nPEP的相关因素包括最近3个月与男性HIV感染者发生过性行为（OR=2.58,95%CI：1.64~4.07）、最近1年HIV检测次数≥2次（OR=2.47,95%CI：1.28~5.11）、nPEP基本知识知晓（OR=0.70,95%CI：0.49~0.99）、咨询过nPEP（OR=70.98,95%CI：40.51~136.83）。结论 MSM对nPEP认知不足,应加强MSM的nPEP相关宣传教育,促进MSM发生HIV暴露后尽快使用nPEP。     

Increases in human papillomavirus vaccine coverage over 12 months among a community-recruited cohort of gay,bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in Canada

BackgroundStarting in 2015/16, most Canadian provinces introduced publicly-funded human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programs for gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBM) aged ≤ 26 years. We estimated 12-month changes in HPV vaccine coverage among community-recruited GBM from 2017 to 2021 and identified baseline factors associated with vaccine initiation (≥1 dose) or series completion (3 doses) among participants who were unvaccinated or partially vaccinated at baseline.MethodsWe recruited sexually-active GBM aged ≥ 16 years in Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver, Canada, from 02/2017 to 08/2019 and followed them over a median of 12 months (interquartile range = 12–13 months). We calculated the proportion who initiated vaccination (≥1 dose) or completed the series (3 doses) by 12-month follow-up. Analyses were stratified by city and age-eligibility for the publicly-funded programs at baseline (≤26 years or > 26 years). We used multivariable logistic regression to identify baseline factors associated with self-reported incident vaccine initiation or series completion.ResultsAmong 165 unvaccinated participants aged ≤ 26 years at baseline, incident vaccine initiation (≥1 dose) during follow-up was 24.1% in Montreal, 33.3% in Toronto, and 38.9% in Vancouver. Among 1,059 unvaccinated participants aged > 26 years, incident vaccine initiation was 3.4%, 8.9%, and 10.9%, respectively. Higher education and trying to access pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV were associated with incident vaccination among those aged ≤ 26 years, while younger age, residing in Vancouver (vs. Montreal), being diagnosed with anogenital warts, having both government and private extended medical insurance, and being vaccinated against influenza were associated with incident vaccination among those aged > 26 years.ConclusionsWe observed substantial gains in HPV vaccine coverage among young GBM within 5 + years of targeted program implementation, but gaps remain, particularly among older men who are ineligible for publicly-funded programs. Findings suggest the need for expanded public funding or insurance coverage for HPV vaccines.     

无锡市成年男性生育健康状况和生育保健服务需求

目的了解无锡市成年男性的生育健康现状和生育保健服务需求。方法以无锡市市区20岁以上的成年男性为调查对象,分层抽取1 200人进行问卷调查。结果1 133名完成问卷的成年男性中,17．2％在过去一年中患有一种或多种生殖系统疾病;总的患病率随着年龄增加而增加;不同年龄男性常见的问题不同;62．7％的成年男性希望了解更多的生育保健知识。62．2％的成年男性认为有必要进行生育健康教育;大多数男性认为宜在婚前教育和初中阶段开展生育健康教育;不同年龄男性对生育保健服务的内容、方式和时间的需求不同,但对服务人员的需求基本相同。结论无锡市成年男性中存在一定的生育健康问题,对生育保健服务有着强烈的需求,不同年龄男性的需求有所不同。因此,应针对不同年龄男性的需求开展生育健康教育和生育保健服务。     

Evidence for re-infection and persistent carriage of Shigella species in adult males reporting domestically acquired infection in England

ObjectivesWe analysed national surveillance typing data of Shigella isolated from adult males with domestically acquired infection (a cohort largely consisting of men who have sex with men (MSM)) to establish whether multiple isolates from the same individual over time represented persistent carriage or re-infection.MethodsWe carried out a retrospective cohort study of adult males diagnosed with Shigella from 2004 to 2018. Median time intervals between multiple isolations of Shigella flexneri and S. sonnei were compared. Analysis of whole genome sequencing data provided strain discrimination at the single nucleotide level and was used to quantify the genetic distance among isolates. Maximum likelihood phylogenies were constructed to determine whether persistent carriage (characterized by multiple isolations of the same strain) or re-infection (characterized by multiple isolations of different strains) was best supported by the phylogenetic analysis. A comparison analysis was carried out using data linked to adult females with domestically acquired shigellosis.ResultsThe number of men reporting multiple isolations of Shigella species was 165/4733 (3.5%) compared with 31/2423 (1.3%) females (p < 0.001). For isolate pairs from men associated with persistent carriage, the isolation time interval range was 6–176 days (median 23.5; IQR 8–70) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) distance range was 0–7 SNPs (median 0.5; IQR 0–2). For those associated with re-infection, the isolation time interval was 34–2636 days (median 732; IQR 191–1258) and the SNP distance was 10–1462 SNPs (median 120; IQR 29–377).DiscussionMultiple Shigella isolations in individuals with domestically acquired infections was more frequently observed in adult males than in adult females. Following the acute phase of infection, carriage can persist for months, and infection can recur within months, even with strains belonging to the same species and the same serotype. A combination of multiple sexual partners, persistent carriage following the acute phase of infection and evidence of recurrent re-infection is likely to contribute to sustained transmission in this population.     

Cruciferous vegetables,glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms,and the risk of colorectal cancer among Chinese men

PurposeTo assess the associations between cruciferous vegetable (CV) intake, GST gene polymorphisms, and colorectal cancer (CRC) in a population of Chinese men.MethodsUsing incidence density sampling, CRC cases (N = 340) diagnosed before December 31, 2010 within the Shanghai Men's Health Study were matched to noncases (N = 673). CV intake was assessed from a food frequency questionnaire and by isothiocyanate levels from spot urine samples. GSTM1 and GSTT1 were categorized as null (0 copies) versus non-null (1 or 2 copies). Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between CV intake and GST gene variants with CRC, and statistical interactions were evaluated.ResultsCRC risk was not associated with CV intake, whether measured by self-report or by urinary isothiocyanate nor with GST gene variants. No statistical interactions were detected between CV intake and GST gene variants on the odds of CRC. Stratifying by timing of urine sample collection and excluding CRC cases diagnosed in the first 2 years did not materially alter the results.ConclusionsThis study provides no evidence supporting the involvement of CV intake in the development of CRC in Chinese men.     

Preliminary evidence for the role of newsprint media in encouraging males to make contact with helplines

This study explored the preliminary evidence for a relationship between constructive and affirming newsprint stories about depression or anxiety in males and use of helpline services by males. With the help of a Consumer Reference Group, we identified ten positive newsprint stories about males and depression or anxiety. We then obtained phone contact data from four national helplines in Australia: Lifeline, MensLine Australia, SANE Australia, and beyondblue. For each contact, we extracted the date, location and gender of the caller. Poisson regression analysis was used to determine the change in contact volume in the two weeks following each story, as compared to the two weeks prior to the story. Contact volume from males increased significantly in the two weeks after four of the ten stories, decreased after one story with no change after five of the stories. The stories that were associated with increased contacts were about men (including publicly revered role models) that male readers could identify with and tended to be stories of hope and recovery. The findings suggest newsprint media can positively influence male help-seeking and point to a need for articles to provide accurate representations of depression and anxiety, whilst maintaining an optimistic focus on recovery.