A Complication of Stellate Ganglion Block?

Abstract: Stellate ganglion block is commonly used to treat the sympathetically maintained pain which may occur in one‐third of patients with complex regional pain syndrome type 1. A complication that followed a single block and presented a diagnostic dilemma for the ophthalmologist is reported.     

经皮等离子消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症: 28例随访报告

目的 探讨腰椎间盘突出症的治疗方法。方法经体格检查，CT和／或MRI检查确诊的腰椎间盘突出症患者28例，采用等离子消融髓核成形术治疗，以Prolo功能和经济结果评定法和VAS评分评定疗效。结果髓核成形组总体治疗成功率82．1％；平均住院时间7．6天，复发率10．8％。并发椎间盘炎1例，进行腰椎融合术后治愈。结论髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的满意率较高，复发率低，住院治疗时间短，创伤小，不影响再次手术治疗。髓核成形术是一种安全、有效的治疗腰椎间盘突出症的微创介入治疗新方法。     

A literature review exploring how healthcare professionals contribute to the assessment and control of postoperative pain in older people

Little research has examined the care older people receive in the acute surgical setting. Although pain assessment and management are judged to be a priority in nursing, often pain, in older people, is undermanaged for a variety of reasons. Factors such as stoicism, communication and ageism can shape both the patients’ and nurses’ attitude towards the perception of pain which subsequently affects pain management. Through a review of the literature, this paper aims to: (i) identify how healthcare professionals contribute to the assessment and control of postoperative pain in older people and (ii) explore potential barriers to achieving more advantageous pain control in this group. It is suggested that to improve pain management there is a need to individualize pain assessment for older people and to assist clinicians with enhancing their education and decision‐making abilities in this field. This may best be achieved by supporting a programme of change to develop the skills of staff and encouraging learning through reflective practice. There is however a need for further research in this area.     

腰椎全板减压术后顽固下腰痛的原因分析

[目的]分析腰椎全板切除术后残留下腰痛的原因,指导选择合理的手术方法。[方法]回顾分析1996～2000年作者采用全椎板切除减压治疗的腰椎管狭窄症患者临床资料,69例获得5年以上随访的患者作为本组研究对象,使用日本骨科学会(JOA)标准对患者的神经功能和下腰痛程度进行评分,根据手术前后下腰痛程度的变化将病例分为无残存下腰痛(lowbackpain,LBP)组和残存LBP组,针对术前的临床和影像学参数,使用软件包SPSS13.0进行对数回归分析,确定术后残存下腰痛的临床预测因素,并对这些影响因素进行两组间比较和统计分析。[结果]术前腰椎前突角、腰椎活动度和手术减压范围与术后残存下腰痛密切相关。残存LBP组患者术前腰椎生理前突和活动度分别为(22.27°±3.12°)和(22.91°±2.31°),显著低于无残存LBP组患者的腰椎前突和活动度(37.23°±2.19°)和(31.66°±1.52°),P值分别为0.000和0.002;而残存LBP组的减压节段(2.77±0.19节)明显高于无残存LBP组(1.70±0.10节),P值为0.000。[结论]对于术前腰椎前突减小,腰椎活动度下降的椎管狭窄症患者单纯施行多节段的腰椎全板减压容易导致术后顽固性下腰痛的出现,应引起作者重视。     

自控止痛泵在疼痛治疗中的应用

介绍了自控止痛泵在临床各种类型疼痛病人治疗中的应用 ,研究了最佳给药途径、注药模式及常见的不良反应 ,为临床正确用药提供了帮助。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术不同压力CO2气腹对气腹存留时限及肩部疼痛的影响

目的 探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)不同压力CO2气腹对气腹存留时限及肩部疼痛的影响,探讨LC术后气腹存留时限的影响因素及肩部疼痛的原因.方法 2002年4～10月连续观察69例LC,随机分为A、B、C 3组,每组23例.气腹压力设定A组10mm Hg,B组12mm Hg,C组14mm Hg.对69例LC术后进行连续胸部X线平片观察膈下游离气体,测量术后24h两侧膈下游离气体的长、高并计算残气量.采用视觉模拟评分(vision analogue score,VAS)观察3组术后1、3、6、12、24、48、72、96、120h肩部疼痛程度.结果 LC后气腹存留时限为(1.8±1.1)d,男女组气腹存留时限分别为(1.8±1.1)d和(1.7±1.0)d,2组比较无显著意义(H=0.013,P=0.911).3组术后24h膈下残气量及术后气腹存留时限差异无显著性(P＞0.05).逐步回归分析示lg(气腹存留时限)与术后24h膈下残气量呈正相关(r=0.616,P=0.006),与气腹时间呈负相关(r=-0.228,P=0.014),与年龄、体重、身高、手术时间及所用气体量无相关性.术后26例出现肩部疼痛,随着A、B、C 3组气腹压力的增高,发生肩部疼痛患者的VAS评分明显增高(F=9.635, P=0.000),术后24h肩部疼痛VAS评分与术后24 h右侧膈下残气量呈正相关(r=0.333,P=0.005),与气腹存留时限呈正相关(r=0.296,P=0.014).结论 LC术毕尽量将腹腔内CO2气体排净可缩短术后残气吸收时间.不同压力CO2气腹对LC术后残余的CO2气体量及气腹存留时限无明显影响.LC后肩部疼痛程度随气腹压增高有明显加重趋势,人工气腹引起膈肌的张力可能是造成肩部疼痛的重要原因.     

Disability,depression and somatization in a low back pain population

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) in a primary care setting population and examine its association with the symptoms of depression and somatization. Methods: This is a cross‐sectional study, utilising a survey carried out in primary health care clinics (PHCs) in Al‐Ain, United Arab Emirates (UAE). A multistage stratified sampling design was used and a representative sample of 1304 UAE nationals aged 18–65 years who attended PHC clinics for any reason were included and 1103 (84.5%) subjects agreed to participate and responded to the questionnaire during a period from June 2001 to January 2002. A specially designed questionnaire with three parts was used for the data collection: socio‐demographic information of the studied subjects, modified version of the Roland‐Morris scale for evaluating back‐related functional disability and SCL‐90 R for depression and somatization subscales was used to assess depressive and somatic symptoms. Results: Of the total number of subjects surveyed (1103), 586 (53.1%) were men and 517 (46.9%) women. The mean age was 34.9 ± 13.4 years for men and 33.5 ± 11.8 years for women. The prevalence of LBP in the studied subjects was 64.7% (95% CI, 60.7–68.5] with 46.7% among men and 53.3% among women. There were a significant differences between the subjects with LBP and without LBP with respect to gender (P < 0.001), body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.001), occupational status (P < 0.001) and living environment (P = 0.016). Functional disability was higher in patients with LBP. Young patients in aged 15–34 years, patients with preparatory/secondary educational level and students showed higher depressive symptoms. A similar pattern was found in patients with somatic symptoms. Factor analysis revealed a strong association between depression and somatization in LBP patients. Conclusions: Functional disability was higher in with LBP. Furthermore, symptoms of depression and somatization are prevalent among LBP patients.     

盘龙七片治疗不稳定性冠心病心绞痛临床观察

对５８例不稳定性冠心病心绞痛患者，用盘龙七片（３８例）及复方丹参片（２０例）治疗，观察治疗前后心电图ＳＴ段，血液流变学及临床症状的变化，结果：盘龙七片组心电图ＳＴ段的缺血变化明业优于复方丹参片组（Ｐ〈０．０１），血浆粘度及纤维蛋白原下降亦明显（Ｐ〈０．０５或Ｐ〈０．０１），结论：盘龙七片虽是一种抗风湿，骨伤的中成药，但同样对治疗不稳定性冠心病心绞痛有一定的疗效。     

Do patients receive adequate pain control after discharge from the ED?

Studies on the effectiveness of pain management have uniformly concluded that health care providers underestimate or undertreat pain. In the emergency department (ED) in which this study was conducted, physicians receive formal didactic and bedside teaching on pain recognition and management in order to heighten the awareness of patient's need for pain control. The purpose of this study was to determine if this outpatient pain management of patients with acute, painful conditions is better than that reported in the medical literature. In this prospective study, 110 adult patients who had an acute, painful diagnosis were telephoned 48 hours after discharge from the ED and asked if they felt their pain at home was well controlled. Patient satisfaction with pain control was higher (91%) than that reported in the medical literature. Also, pain medication was provided more frequently by this study's ED (95%). Education on pain awareness and treatment is a way to improve pain management.