Recent advances of laparoscopic approach in adnexal torsion of premenarcheal girls

The adnexal torsion is an uncommon gynaecological emergency; however, it must be excluded in young girls in order to conserve their future ovarian function and fertility. The diagnosis of adnexal torsion is particularly difficult in girls before the menarche during which time the clinical examination is very delicate. We review the recent literature and laparoscopic advances in this domain and propose a management algorithm.     

Laparoscopic repair of a diaphragmatic hernia through the foramen of Morgagni

A 78-year-old woman is described who presented with a diaphragmatic hernia through the foramen of Morgagni. A definitive diagnosis was confirmed by a sagittal view on magnetic resonance imaging prior to surgery. The hernia was repaired laparoscopically under an abdominal wall lifting technique without pneumoperitoneum, and her symptoms completely resolved postoperatively with no evidence of recurrence. The laparoscopic repair was considered a suitable and safe procedure for the treatment of a Morgagni hernia. Received: 3 April 1996/Accepted: 3 May 1996     

Laparoscopic treatment of giant paraoesophageal hernias

Summary The authors report their experience of laparoscopic repair of large paraoesophageal hernias (POH). From February 1994 to January 1997, nine patients with a large POH containing at least 50% of the stomach have been treated laparoscopically. The surgical procedure included reduction of the herniated stomach, closure of the hiatal orifice, and construction of a circular fundoplication. There was no conversion into open surgery. One case of postoperative atelectasis was seen (morbidity: 12.5%). Postoperative X-Ray demonstrated the restoration of a normal anatomical arrangements as well as an effective anti-reflux fundoplication. Laparoscopy makes it possible to safely and efficiently repair large POHs with an acceptable morbidity. However, this type of operation requires a good training in laparoscopic surgery.     

腹腔镜阑尾切除术219例临床应用体会

目的：总结腹腔镜阑尾切除术的临床应用体会。方法：回顾性分析219例接受腹腔镜阑尾切除术的患者资料。结果：219例中，215例行腹腔镜阑尾切除术，4例行腹腔镜阑尾周围脓肿引流术。手术均顺利完成，无1例中转开腹，术后无1例发生切口感染、肠粘连、肠梗阻、腹腔残余脓肿形成等并发症，全部治愈出院。结论：腹腔镜阑尾切除术具有创伤小、恢复快、住院时间短、术野清晰、探查范围广、并发症少等优点，尤其在术前诊断不明确时可弥补开腹阑尾切除术的不足，值得进一步推广。     

支撑捆扎法在腹腔镜下全直肠系膜切除超低位结肠-直肠/肛管吻合术中的应用

目的 介绍支撑捆扎法在腹腔镜下对低位直肠癌进行全直肠系膜切除(TME)超低位结肠．直肠／肛管吻合的手术方法。方法 应用超声刀在腹腔镜下对11例低位直肠癌患实施TME原则的根治性切除，用支撑捆扎法完成超低位结肠．直肠／肛管吻合术。结果 11例患术中直肠系膜切除完整。超低位结肠-直肠／肛管吻合成功，吻合时间15—30min；吻合口距齿状线小于2cm8例。结肠与齿状线处肛管吻合的3例。术后恢复顺利。肛门括约肌功能、排尿功能良好，未发生吻合口瘘与吻合口狭窄。结论 腹腔镜结合支撑捆扎法可以对低位直肠癌行TME切除后进行超低位结肠-直肠／肛管吻合术。     

腹腔镜诊断和治疗小肝癌临床研究的初步报告

目的　探讨腹腔镜对AFP阳性、而影像学检查阴性的小肝癌的诊断和治疗的价值。方法　对 5例AFP阳性、而B超、CT或 (和 )MRI阴性 ,高度怀疑早期肝癌者 ,进行了腹腔镜探查和手术治疗。结果　 5例均证实为小肝癌 ,肿瘤约 0 8～ 1 0cm ;4例实施了腹腔镜肝部分切除 ,1例中转开腹手术切除肿瘤。随访 4个月至 4年 ,5例均无瘤生存。结论　对AFP持续阳性 >1个月、而B超、CT或 (和 )MRI阴性 ,高度怀疑肝表面小肝癌者 ,进行腹腔镜探查和手术治疗可能是肝表面或肝边缘的小肝癌最佳的诊断和治疗手段。     

腹腔镜下置管灌洗引流在重症急性胰腺炎早期治疗中的应用

目的探讨腹腔镜下置管灌洗引流(LPLD)在重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)早期治疗中应用的可行性、临床价值与技术特点。方法用LPLD的方法早期治疗21例SAP病人,对治疗结果进行回顾性分析。结果LPLD手术时间(654±276)min,术后灌洗引流时间(113±86)d,术后住院时间(325±146)d。LPLD同期完成腹腔镜胆囊切除术5例,腹腔镜经胆囊管胆总管取石1例,胆总管切开取石、T管引流术2例。1例术后4d死于多脏器功能障碍综合征(MODS),余20例治愈出院。术后随访2～22个月,发现假性胰腺囊肿1例,行内引流手术治愈。结论LPLD是SAP早期治疗中一种安全可行的方法,它用微创的方法达到开腹手术全面探查、充分灌洗引流治疗SAP的目的,值得临床推广应用。     

腹腔镜结肠次全切除术治疗结肠结核2例

目的探讨应用腹腔镜、纤维结肠镜术中判断结肠的病变范围，腹腔镜完成结肠次全切除术的可行性。方法全麻，仰卧位，脐部上方、下方、左下腹、右下腹分别置入10 mm trocar，右上腹置入5 mm trocar。右半结肠切除时腹腔镜置放于下腹部，左半结肠切除时腔镜置于右下腹部。术中经右结肠断端置人纤维结肠镜配合定位。自回盲部始游离结肠至乙状结肠。扩大左下腹部切口至4cm，腹腔外回肠、乙状结肠吻合。结果2例结肠结核腹腔镜下可以明确观察到结肠、小肠壁的增厚、变硬等改变，术中纤维结肠镜可见结肠黏膜的假性息肉及溃疡等病理改变已波及到降结肠及部分乙状结肠。手术时间分别170、190min。术中出血分别150、200ml。2例术后病理证实为肠结核。切除结肠及回肠术后近期无并发症发生。术后近期大便每天5～6次，术后5、6个月随访大便每天1～2次。体重分别增加2．5、4kg。结论腹腔镜术中配合纤维结肠镜可以准确判断结肠的病变范围，腹腔镜下结肠次全切除术安全可行。     

手助腹腔镜胆肠、胃肠内引流术联合125I粒子置入术治疗晚期胰腺癌

目的探讨手助腹腔镜胆肠、胃肠内引流术联合125I粒子置入术治疗晚期胰腺癌的可行性和临床疗效. 方法2002年2月～2004年8月,我院行手助腹腔镜胆肠、胃肠内引流术联合125I粒子置入术治疗晚期胰腺癌12例(胰头癌10例,胰体癌2例). 结果 12例手术均获成功.手术时间104～181 min,(122±29) min.术中出血量45～152 ml,(60±18) ml.住院时间6～17 d,(8.5±1.3) d.术后病人黄疸逐渐减退,术后7～10 d肝功能恢复正常.腹痛消失3例,明显缓解7例.2例出现胃肠功能障碍,治疗后缓解.10例术后随访6个月复查CT肿瘤明显缩小(PR)4例,无变化(NC)4例,肿瘤进展(PD) 2例. 结论手助腹腔镜内引流术联合癌组织间125I粒子置入术是治疗晚期胰腺癌,使其缓解症状的有效方法,具有创伤小、恢复快、能改善病人生活质量.     

腹腔镜联合手术临床应用分析

目的探讨腹腔镜联合手术的临床应用价值。方法回顾分析35例腹腔镜联合手术的临床资料。结果35例腹腔镜联合手术全部获得成功,无手术并发症。结论腹腔镜联合手术能将多种腹腔疾病同时处理,创伤小,痛苦轻,住院时间短,恢复快,经济实用,能充分体现微创外科手术的优越性。