阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征腭咽成形术前后多导睡眠图的变化

为评价悬雍垂腭咽成形成术 (UPPP)在治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征 (OSAS)中的意义 ,我们通过多导睡眠图记录仪观察了 13例OSAS患者在接受UPPP前后多导睡眠图的变化。结果显示 :13例患者中 9例有效 ,有效率为 6 9%。提示并非所有接受UPPP的OSAS患者均有效 ,UPPP仅能作为OSAS治疗的方法     

小腿内侧逆行筋膜岛状皮瓣修复足部软组织缺损

目的探讨小腿内侧皮瓣在修复足部软组织缺损方面的应用.方法设计应用小腿内侧逆行筋膜岛状皮瓣修复足部软组织缺损15例.其中,男11例,女4例;缺损原因电烧伤3例,皮肤肿瘤2例,慢性溃疡7例,化学烧伤2例,热压伤1例.结果15例病例皮瓣全部成活.足外形、感觉及行走的稳定性均恢复良好.结论小腿内侧逆行岛状皮瓣与足部皮肤组织类似,血运及神经支配有保证,成活率高;蒂部较长,操作简便;特别适用于足跟及底部软组织缺损的修复.     

朱丹溪善用风药治疗血证谈

复习朱丹溪有关医学文献 ,阐发其应用风药治疗血证的机制 ,主要有 :风药直接止血 ;风药升阴散火止血 ;风药散火解毒、凉血止血 ;风药炒黑止血 ;风药振脾益气止血 ;祛除致病因素 ;其它。     

Molecular genetics of familial parkinsonism

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder associated with tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. There exists a familial form of PD that is indistinguishable from the sporadic form. In addition, there exists a class of syndromes classified as parkinsonism-plus syndromes (PPS), in which parkinsonism is an essential but not the only phenotypic characteristic. The etiology of PD remains unclear. Both environmental and genetic factors contribute to the disease pathogenesis. Recent progress in the molecular genetics of parkinsonism has demonstrated that six different chromosomal regions are associated with forms of familial parkinsonism. Mutations in four candidate genes have been identified and include both point mutations and deletions. Both gain-of-function and loss-of-function mutational mechanisms have been implicated. The molecular genetic characterization has led to a new classification of PD and PPS based on the type of genetic defect. Understanding the mechanisms by which these mutations lead to disease should provide further insights into the etiology of parkinsonism.     

Classification of childhood epilepsy syndromes in newly diagnosed epilepsy: interrater agreement and reasons for disagreement

PURPOSE: The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) classification of the epilepsies is in increasingly widespread use. The following analysis was done to assess the interrater agreement in classifying epilepsy syndromes in children with newly diagnosed epilepsy. METHODS: In a prospective, community-based study, 613 children with newly diagnosed epilepsy were recruited. Based on information available at diagnosis or generated as part of the initial diagnostic assessment, three pediatric neurologists independently classified epilepsy syndromes. Interrater agreement was assessed with kappa. RESULTS: Interrater agreement was extremely good, with kappa scores > or = 0.80 for almost all comparisons. Relatively limited quality of the EEG and seizure information in some cases, as well as discrepancies between the two, were associated with a tendency for more disagreement. CONCLUSIONS: A high degree of interrater agreement was obtained in this study, indicating that the system for classifying syndromes can be meaningfully used in a community-based sample. Quality of the information, which is often, by necessity, less than optimal in newly diagnosed epilepsy, is a potential barrier to identification of syndromes. A substantial proportion of children were classified into relatively nonspecific syndromes. Over time, additional information may come to light to allow more precise identification of their forms of epilepsy. In an epidemiologic setting, the ILAE classification of the epilepsies can be successfully used with a high degree of reliability to classify newly diagnosed epilepsy in children.     

肝炎辨证论治中的几个基本问题

对肝炎辨证论治的特点、分型论治与辨证论治、辨别肝炎的主症和次症、肝(胆)脾(胃)的几个证论和“无证可辨”5个问题进行了临床探讨。     

Behaviour of glibenclamide on repeated administration to diabetic patients

Summary Six maturity onset diabetic patients took glibenclamide 5 mg by mouth, every morning 10 min before a standard breakfast. Serum levels of immunoreactive glibenclamide, glucose and immunoreactive insulin were measured repeatedly on the first and 15th days of treatment. Measured glibenclamide blood levels were in close agreement with an analogue computer simulation of data obtained from healthy volunteers: there was no accumulation of drug in the blood, but there was strong evidence for the existence of a slowly equilibrating deep compartment. Considerable insulin release and correction of the breakfast-induced hyperglycaemia were observed immediately after administration of the drug, as well as 5 h later, at lunch time. The clinical significance of blood levels of glibenclamide, as well as the correlation of pharmacokinetics with pharmacodynamics, are discussed in the light of these results.Glossary of symbols IR- immuno-reactive - GLI glibenclamide - IRI immuno-reactive insulin - GLU glucose - AK 1 values obtained with patient AK on the first day of treatment - AK 15 values obtained with patient AK on the 15th day of treatment - b serum level - b_max maximal serum level - t time after dose - t_max time of maximal serum level - G gastro-intestinal system - B central compartment (blood) - T peripheral compartment (tissue) - E excreta - M,N coefficients of the equation of a bi-exponential decay curve - µ, v exponents of the equation of a bi-exponential decay curve - e base of natural logarithms - K_BG K_EB K_TB K_BT first order rate constants (e. g. K_BG means: into B, from G) - K_BG first order rate constants - etc. not corrected for the volume of distribution     

《时病论》与脏腑辨证

简要介绍了清末温病学派医家雷丰的生平、著述及影响。重点论述其代表作《时病论》的辨证方法，总结了《时病论》运用脏腑辨证的规律和特点，进而阐明其在整个中医“辨证”历史上的位置和特色。主要从三个方面阐述《时病论》对“脏腑辨证”的运用，1)在温病领域的运用情况。雷氏治温病虽也采用三焦辨证卫气营血辨证，但所占比例较小，而广泛地使用脏腑辨证，且能明确反映温病的传变及分期特点。2)治泄痢的脏腑辨证特色，3)创新辨证脏腑证型。     

鼻塞对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征发病影响的研究

目的:探讨鼻塞对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)发病的影响。方法:对18例诊断为鼻塞和腭咽平面阻塞的OSAS患者,单纯行鼻腔手术改善通气,6个月后复诊。结果:12例睡眠阻塞症状缓解,其中4例效果明显;6例无效。睡眠呼吸紊乱指数(AHI)由术前的29.9±2.1降至22.8±2.7;夜间最低血氧饱和度由(75.0±2.9)％升至(83.4±2.3)％;而体重指数无明显差异。无效组与有效组的术前AHI值差异有显著性意义。结论:鼻塞是OSAS的重要致病因素,早期治疗解除鼻塞是预防OSAS发病的重要措施之一;长期鼻塞引发的OS-AS患者,早期通过鼻腔手术解除鼻塞是治疗OSAS的有效方法之一。