妊娠糖尿病患者血清锌、铜含量测定的临床意义

目的:通过检测妊娠糖尿病患者血清中锌、铜含量,探讨微量元素铜、锌对妊娠糖尿病的影响。方法:采用火焰原子吸收光谱法分别测定26例妊娠糖尿病患者和64例正常妊娠妇女血清中锌、铜含量。结果:妊娠糖尿病患者血清锌低于正常妊娠妇女,血清铜高于正常妊娠妇女。结论:妊娠糖尿病患者血清铜、锌代谢紊乱,检测其血清中微量元素锌、铜的变化对妊娠糖尿病的病情估计及治疗有一定的临床意义。     

催化动力学光度法测定水中痕量铜

目的:建立催化动力学光度法测定痕量铜的新方法。方法:在pH4.2的邻苯二甲酸氢钾-氢氧化钠缓冲溶液介质中,利用铜离子催化氯酸钾和过氧化氢氧化灿烂绿的指示反应,通过测量624 nm下吸光度的改变,用催化动力学光度法测定痕量铜。结果:测定铜的线性范围为0.040~1.50μg/25 ml,检出限为8.6×10-11g/ml。对0.50μg/25 ml铜离子进行10次平行测定的相对标准偏差为3.2%。结论:该法简单,灵敏度高,选择性好,可用于水中痕量铜的测定。     

铜离子对维生素C灭活噬菌体的增效作用

本实验观察了铜离子协同维生素C灭活噬菌体的效果。在灭活过程中, 维生素C起主要作用,铜离子起增效作用。单独维生素C灭活噬菌体的速度慢,铜离子与维生素C协同作用能快速灭活RNA噬菌体和DNA噬菌体。维生素C与铜的分子比为1:1～100:1灭活效果较好,铜的比例大时,灭活效果不好。铁离子10~(-5)M有同样的增效作用。铜离子协同维生素C对病毒有特殊的灭活效果,表现在它们对f_2噬菌体的灭活作用比对寄主菌的灭活作用强。维生素C与铜离子反应的中间产物是灭活噬菌体的活性物质,这种活性物质是不稳定的,可能是一种短命的自由基。     

Serum zinc and copper levels in children with meningococcal disease

Mean serum zinc and copper levels were depressed in 94 children aged 1 month to 9 years who presented with meningococcal disease. The mean serum zinc level was 44 g/dl (reference value 78 g/dl, SD 18) and the mean serum copper level 157 g/dl (reference value 159 g/dl, SD 27). Nineteen patients had serum zinc levels less than 25 g/dl and ten patients had serum copper levels less than 101 g/dl.Serum zinc levels were significantly lower in patients who were septicaemic or in whom manifestations of severe disease such as shock, more than 20 petechiae, ecchymoses and evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation occurred compared to those without these features.Serum copper concentrations were higher than reference levels in patients with meningitis and in less severely ill patients. Copper levels were significantly lower in patients with septicaemia, severe disease, shock, more than 20 petechiae, ecchymoses, disseminated intravascular coagulation, leucopenia and patients who died compared with patients without these features.Abbreviations DIC Disseminated intravascular coagulation - LEM leukocyte endogeneous mediator     

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Induction in LEC Rats by a Low Dose of 2-Amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline

A food-borne heterocyclic amine, 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5- f ]qninoxaline (MeIQx), induces hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) in F344 male rats at an incidence of 95%, when fed in the diet at 400 ppm for 61 weeks. In this study, the effect of a low dose of MeIQx was examined in Long-Evans with cinnamon-like coat color (LEC) rats, which have a mutation in Atp7b and suffer from hereditary hepatitis and HCCs, with high levels of copper accumulation in the liver. Rats of the LEC and Long-Evans with agouti coat color (LEA) sibling lines were given a diet containing 40 ppm MeIQx from the age of 23 weeks to 63 weeks, for a total administration period of 40 weeks. In LEC rats, HCCs were observed in 8/8 animals administered MeIQx, and 2/8 rats receiving a normal diet. The number of HCCs per rat (mean±SD) was 2.8±2.0 and 0.3±0.5, respectively. In the LEA rats, however, no tumors were induced by administration of MeIQx. These results indicate that damaged liver associated with compensatory cell proliferation is much more susceptible to chemical hepatocarcinogens, including MeIQx, than the normal liver.     

微波消解平台石墨炉原子吸收法测定活性污泥中的铜和铅

建立了一种微波消解样品,平台石墨炉原子吸收法测定活性污泥中Cu、Pb含量的方法,该方法的样品加标回收率Cu为95.6%-98.3%,Pb为92.3%-97.0%,相对标准偏差RSD(%):Cu为1.0%-2.0%,Pb为2.0%-2.9%,检验限Cu为0.0052ng/g,Pb为0.0073ng/g,该方法应用于活性污泥中Cu、Pb的分析,实验所需时间短,取样量少,空白值低,实验过程中样品损失少,准确度和灵敏度高,结果令人满意。     

量子点荧光猝灭法测定中药饮片中的微量铜

目的:运用一种新型的半导体纳米材料的发光性质测定中药饮片中的微量铜.方法:将硫化锌包被的硒化镉核壳量子点(CdSe/ZnS QDs)表面用牛血清白蛋白(BSA)进行修饰.利用QDs-BSA作为发光探针,在pH 7.4的缓冲溶液中Cu2 能使其发生荧光猝灭从而测定铜的含量.结果:Cu2 浓度在6.0×10-4～6.0×10-3μg/mL范围内有良好的线性关系(r＝0.998 9),检测限为1.0×10-4 μg/mL,加样回收率为93.6%～108.0%.结论:此方法适用于中药饮片中的微量铜的测定.     

重组人生长激素对术后患者微量元素代谢的影响

目的观察重组人生长激素(rhGH)对胃肠外科术后患者微量元素锌、铜、铁代谢的影响。方法将42例胃肠外科术后患者随机分成试验组和对照组,收集并分析所有对象的锌、铜、铁摄入量和尿、粪便、引流液排出量。结果肠内、外营养支持下两组对象的锌、铜、铁呈正平衡状态;试验组对象三种元素的正平衡明显高于对照组(P<0.05),尿中锌、铜、铁的排出量呈下降趋势,且低于对照组(P<0.05),粪铜排出量明显低于对照组,铁、锌与对照组相比差异无显著性;试验组对象锌、铜、铁的表观利用率及铜的表观吸收率明显高于对照组(P<0.001);粪中锌、铜、铁排出量,尿中锌排出量与相应元素平衡呈显著负相关。结论消化道术后患者给予重组人生长激素可减少尿中锌、铜、铁的排出,提高机体对锌、铜、铁的利用,有利于机体对锌、铜、铁的储留。     

TCu220C与TCu380A IUD体外细胞毒性研究

目的:评价两种含铜宫内节育器体外细胞毒性。方法:采用TCu220C和TCu380A,10%FBS-DMEM浸提后,与L929细胞接触培养,通过倒置相差显微镜观察其形态,采取MTT(四唑盐)比色法量化细胞毒性,计算相对增值率(RGR),并进行毒性评价。结果:TCu220C表现出轻度的细胞毒性(1～2级),TCu380A表现出明显的细胞毒性(4级)。结论:相同形状的两种含铜宫内节育器因含铜面积不同,其表现出来的细胞毒性也不同,含铜面积越大,细胞毒性越大。     

Sibling cases of a degenerative neurological disease associated with hypocupraemia and hypobetalipoproteinaemia

We describe two siblings, a boy and his younger sister, with degenerative neurological disturbances, hypocupraemia and hypobetalipoproteinaemia. The neurological features in both cases were developmental delay, dysarthria, hyperkinetics with an attention deficit, dysdiadochokinesis, night blindness, myoclonic jerks and convulsions. Their serum cooper levels did not increase despite administration of copper sulphate both orally or intravenously. The copper contents of the cultured fibroblasts in the patients were 1.5-fold that of controls.Although neurological disorders associated with abnormal copper metabolism and inherited in an X-linked manner have been previously reported, this is the first report of a neurodegenerative disease concurrent with abnormal copper metabolism and hypobetalipoproteinaemia.