单纯下颌骨磨削法矫治下颌角肥大

目的 探讨下颌角肥大骨磨削法治疗的临床效果。方法 在局部肿胀麻醉下，采用口内切口入路，常规分离显露下颌骨，在预定需要矫正的下颌骨区域，使用特殊器械磨削下颌骨体外侧皮质骨、下颌骨下缘及下颌角骨质，同时对部分肥大的咬肌进行处理，矫治下颌角肥大。结果 对58例下颌角肥大患者均行下颌骨磨削法矫治，除1例术中损伤下齿槽血管引起出血外，无其他并发症发生。术后随访6～18个月，全部病例取得良好的矫治效果。结论 下颌骨磨削法矫治下颌角肥大是一种并发症少、安全有效的好方法。与截骨矫治下颌角肥大的方法相比，该术式保留了下颌骨的内板。维持了颌颈区的立体感。     

视场角设置对虚拟环境中目标判断的影响

目的探讨不同视场角参数对虚拟环境中目标判断的影响规律 ,找出最佳视场角参数。方法利用自行研制基于PC平台的虚拟现实 (VR)实验系统 ,选定 45名年龄在 2 3～ 5 8岁被试者并完成大小与角度判断的实验设计。首先进行 30 0人次的预实验 ,确定引起虚拟环境中目标判断差错的视场角及相应观察任务的差别等级 ,然后开始单因素、4水平的完全随机正式实验。结果方差分析表明 ,不同的虚拟环境视场角对目标判断的真实性有显著性影响 ,当视场角为 60°时 ,目标判断的正确率最大。结论利用VR技术进行载人航天器工效设计、操作训练或其它任务的研究时 ,应考虑视场角的作用 ,适合目标大小判断的视场角参数值宜取 60°,以便获得最大的工效     

口外弓配合唇档远移磨牙的临床研究

目的:研究口外弓配合唇档远移磨牙的临床应用及其疗效。方法:选择15例恒牙早期上颌轻度牙性前突或轻、中度拥挤的安氏II类患者,应用口外弓配合唇档,通过X线头影测量观察其上颌磨牙及前牙治疗前后变化情况。结果:应用口外弓配合唇档推磨牙向远中3～6个月后,II类咬合关系恢复至安氏I类关系。上颌第一磨牙向远中平均移动4.14mm,上颌中切牙向唇侧移动0.66mm。结论:只要病例选择合适,方法运用得当,口外弓配合唇档就能获得较满意的远移磨牙的疗效。     

Rib-vertebral angle asymmetry in idiopathic, neuromuscular and experimentally induced scoliosis

The concave and convex rib-vertebral angle (RVA) at levels T2–T12 was measured on AP radiographs of 19 patients with right convex idiopathic thoracic scoliosis and 10 patients with major thoracic right convex neuromuscular scoliosis. The difference between the angles on the concave and the convex sides, the RVAD, was calculated. The RVAs were also measured on radiographs from three animal groups in which spinal curves had been induced experimentally in a variety of ways. Group 1 comprised 16 rabbits that had been subjected to selective electrostimulation of the latissimus dorsi, the erector spinae and the intercostal muscles. Group 2 comprised four dead rabbits whose spines had been subjected to manual bending. Group 3 comprised eight rabbits that had undergone mechanical elongation of one rib. In both the idiopathic and the neuromuscular group, the convex RVA was smaller than the concave RVA between levels T2 and T8, with a maximal difference between T4 to T5. From T9 to T12 the concave RVA was smaller than the convex. The RVA in relation to the scoliotic segment, i.e. the apex level of the curve and the two neighbouring vertebrae above and below this level, showed similar results. With increasing Cobb angle the RVADs increased linearly with the greatest difference at the second vertebra above the apex. In the three experimental groups the pattern of the RVADs between T6 to T12 was basically similar to the findings of the clinical study. From the results of these clinical and experimental studies, it is concluded that the typical pattern of the RVAs on the concave and convex sides seems to be independent of the underlying cause of the spinal curvature. It is likely that the RVADs result from a passive mechanical adaptation of the ribs to the lateral curvature of the spine.     

桥小脑角区巨大肿瘤诊治的回顾分析

目的　总结桥小脑角区巨大肿瘤的诊治经验。方法　对我科 73例桥小脑角区巨大肿瘤的发病率、临床和影像学表现、定位定性诊断、手术治疗及随访心理治疗结果作回顾性分析。结果　本组 73例桥小脑角巨大肿瘤 (均≥ 4cm)中 ,神经鞘瘤 50例 (68.4% )、脑膜瘤 1 9例 (2 6 .1 % )、胆脂瘤 4例 (5 .6 % )。 73例均有颅神经损害、小脑损害的症状与体征及颅内高压征。 73例中手术全切除 60例 (82 .2 % )、次全切除 1 3例 (1 7.8% )。 56例颅神经损伤中需心理治疗者 40例 (54 .8% ) ,2例死于肺部感染。平均随访 3 - 5年 ,无复发 ,疗效满意。结论　将桥小脑角区巨大肿瘤的临床特点结合影像学检查 ,可作早期定位、定性诊断 ,并有助于手术设计。早诊断、早治疗以及娴熟的显微操作技术是减少并发症 ,提高疗效的关键。手术结合伽玛刀以及随访心理治疗可改善预后 ,提高生存质量。     

A BLIND RANDOMIZED CROSS -OVER TRIAL COMPARING BETAXOLOL WITH TIMOLOL IN OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA AND OCULAR HYPERTENSION

Purpose: To compare the short-term efficacy and side effects of betaxolol and timoloi in treatment of primary open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Methods: Fourteen patients with newly diagnosed early primary open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension were included.Each patient received 0.5% timoloi and 0.5% betaxolol twice daily for four weeks in two phases. Between two courses of treatment there was four weeks wash out period. At the end of study the effect of these two drugs on intraocular pressure, mean arterial blood pressure,pulse rate,basic tear secretion and ocular symptoms were evaluated and statistically analyzed,using wilcoxon and chi-squar test.RESULTS:The study was performed on fourteen patients with baseline IOP of 26.7 ±1.5 mmHg.After four weeks treatmem,timoiol and betax-olol reduced IOP by 7.8±1.2mmHg or 29% and 6.1±1.3mmHg or 23%, respectively (P<0.001). The difference between two groups was significant(P<0.001). Mean arterial blood pressure was reduced with betaxolol and tim     

Platelet aggregation,disc haemorrhage and progressive loss of visual fields in glaucoma

Platelet aggregationin vitro, deterioration of visual field defects (VFD) and the prevalence of disc haemorrhages (DH) were assessed in 49 patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and compared with the findings for 67 individuals with suspected glaucoma (GS) in a seven-year follow-up study (range 5.8 to 8.2 years). The percentage patients with spontaneous platelet aggregation (SPA) was higher for POAG patients with visual field deterioration (60%) than both POAG patients without progressive loss of visual fields (12.5%; P<0.005) and those with suspected glaucoma (22.4%; P<0.005). The occurrence of DH was higher among POAG patients with progressive loss of visual field (28%) compared to the GS group (8.4%; P<0.025) and the group of patients consisting of POAG patients without deterioration of VFD and GS (9.9%; P<0.05). DH also occurred more often in patients with low tension glaucoma (41.6%) than in the remaining POAG patients (13.5%; P<0.05). No relation between the patients with SPA and the patients with DH was observed.Abbreviations NPB normal platelet behavior - SPA spontaneous platelet aggregation - DH disc haemorrhage     

成年男性下颌角间宽与颧弓深度、长度及下颌角厚度的关系

目的：测量下颌角间宽与颧弓深度、颧弓长度及下颌角厚度并进行相关分析，以期在活体上通过测量下颌角间宽来推算颧弓深度、颧弓长度、下颌角厚度，为临床行颜面美容矫治术及复合体的制作提供相关资料。方法：经福尔马林固定、颜面骨正常的成人男性尸体50具，按《人体测量方法》，用游标卡尺直接测量下颌角间宽、左右两侧颧弓深度与长度、下颌角厚度。结果：颧弓深度、颧弓长度、下颌角厚度与下颌角间宽其相关系数分别是，颧弓深度为0．649(P=0．001)，颧弓长度为0．584(P=0．001)，下颌角厚为1．0(P=0．001)，颧弓深度、长度左、右无明显差别。结论：临床采用测量下颌角间宽来推算颧弓深度、颧弓长度及下颌角厚度具有显著性意义。     

下颌角截骨移植隆颏术

目的 探讨利用自体下颌角截骨块同期移植隆颏的手术方法。方法 经口腔入路，利用下颌角肥大截骨术的下颌角骨块，塑形为适合颏部的形状，Ⅰ期移植于颏部，且以钛钉坚强内固定。结果 本组35例患者行双侧下颌角截骨＋下颌骨外板磨削术＋自体下颌角移植隆颏术，术后移植骨愈合良好，颏部形态符合美学标准。结论 下颌角截骨Ⅰ期移植隆颏术，操作方法简单，预期效果可靠，移植骨块与颏部解剖结合，无排异反应。