关节松解肌腱延长配合中药熏洗治疗膝关节完全强直

膝关节僵硬和强直是骨科临床的并发症,多由膝关节创伤、手术、感染等所致。大多数关节僵硬患者经过主、被动锻炼或手术松解等治疗后均能得到满意的恢复。但一些由于关节创伤严重、病程长、治疗不及时而致关节完全强直的患者,治疗非常困难。我院2000-2004年,共收治此类患者18例,采用手术松解粘连,股直肌肌腱延长,人造髌上囊,术后早期主、被动锻炼,中药熏洗等中西医综合治疗,取得满意疗效,现报告如下。1临床资料本组18例,男11例,女7例;年龄17⁵2岁。病程1·5¹2年。膝关节活动范围均在15°以下,基本为完全强直。股骨干慢性骨髓炎5例,膝关节外伤性感染2例,膝关节滑膜结核1例,髌骨骨折6例,股骨髁间     

屈曲位骨性强直的人工全膝关节置换技术与临床效果

目的探讨屈曲位骨性强直的膝关节行人工全膝关节置换术的手术方法与临床效果。方法自1987年12月~2000年12月,对16例30膝屈曲位骨性强直的患者,采用髌旁内侧入路、二次截骨加软组织平衡的方法行人工全膝关节置换术,术中选择对骨性融合的髌股及胫股关节进行切割的正确方法,使切割中的骨量分配及关节线的定位恰如其分。经过随访,进行膝关节活动度的测量和膝关节HSS评分,用以评价手术效果。结果经过平均67.1个月(1~14年)的随访,膝关节平均活动度为72.5°(45°~100°),膝关节残留屈曲度数(伸展滞缺)平均为7.8°(0°~15°),HSS评分平均为78.7分(71~89分),比术前提高了47.3分。结论对于膝关节屈曲位骨性强直的患者,采用髌旁内侧入路、二次截骨加软组织平衡方法以及正确的骨性融合髌股和胫股关节切割方法可成功地矫正膝关节畸形。随着膝关节置换技术和康复手段的不断提高,患者的膝关节功能和生活质量得到明显提高。     

强直性脊柱炎髋关节骨性强直的功能重建

目的探讨强直性脊柱炎合并双侧髋关节骨性强直时的全髋关节置换方法及其注意事项。方法对17例24～52岁强直性脊柱炎患者骨性强直的34侧髋关节行Zweimüller非骨水泥型全髋关节置换手术。髋关节强直在屈曲0°～100°(平均37°),其中超过90°强直者3例6髋。术前需助行器者7例。生活不能完全自理者9例。所有患者均在一次性经口腔(10例)或鼻腔(7例)气管插管麻醉下完成双侧手术。3例患者后期行脊柱后凸畸形矫正术。结果患者髋关节活动度由术前的0°改善为术后复查时的屈伸平均77°(55°～120°),屈伸、收展、内外旋总活动度平均为150°(105°～230°)。术中有1例因股骨颈截骨造成髋臼后壁缺损,经修补后恢复。术后近期无神经血管损伤、关节脱位、感染等并发症发生,随访18～47个月无假体松动、移位。除2例3髋长时间行走有轻微疼痛外,其余患者无疼痛,患者的生活质量明显提高,1例患者仍需助行器。结论手术技术熟练者可一次顺利完成强直性脊柱炎双髋骨性强直的双侧髋关节置换术,采用Watson-Jones入路可在完成骨性强直的髋关节置换的同时完成髋关节前方的软组织松解;术中注意神经、血管的保护可顺利完成90°以上屈曲骨性强直畸形髋关节的置换;术后康复的重点是锻炼患者的肌力和肌肉活动的协调性;采用自体血回输可以     

The Effect of Mechanical Vibration on Osteogenesis of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

IntroductionAppropriate occlusal forces can prevent ankylosis after tooth replantation or transplantation. However, the “proper occlusal forces” on periodontal ligament (PDL) healing have not yet been defined due to insufficient in vitro studies and uncertain in vitro models. Herein, we presented a mechanical vibration device as an in vitro model to determine such favorable occlusal forces.MethodsHuman periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) were exposed to mechanical vibration force with 4 frequencies (30, 90, 150, and 210 rpm). Cell viability and the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related genes and proteins were tested in vitro. The calvarial transplantation experiment was performed to assess the bone formation ability of 150 rpm mechanical vibration stimulation (MVS).ResultsMVS at 150 and 210 rpm significantly reduced cell viability in the early stages. The 150-rpm MVS decreased osteogenic marker expression at the early time point (3 days) but had no harmful effects at the late time point (14 days). Furthermore, hPDLSC cell sheets treated with 150-rpm MVS had potential to decrease bone formation in rat calvarial defects serendipitously and facilitated functional PDL-like tissue formation.ConclusionsWe found that MVS at a frequency of 150 rpm could provide a strategy for a transient reduction in the osteogenic potential of hPDLSCs and promote PDL-like tissue formation. Thus, 150-rpm MVS could be used as a controllable proper occlusal force to prevent ankylosis and promote PDL healing after tooth replantation or transplantation.     

Alveolar Bone Width Preservation after Decoronation of Ankylosed Anterior Incisors

IntroductionThe aim of the study was to assess the alteration of alveolar ridge dimensions after decoronation procedures in children and adolescents at least 1 year after surgery.MethodsTwelve children who underwent decoronation of ankylosed maxillary anterior incisors with at least 1 year after surgery follow-up were recalled for reevaluation. All decoronations were performed when the ankylosed teeth were submerged 1–1.5 mm. During the recall appointment, impressions of the upper arch were obtained. The bucco-palatal alveolar dimensions of the decoronated teeth were measured on the cast at the mid-mesiodistal distance from the missing tooth and were compared with the distance from the contralateral healthy incisor.ResultsOverall, 12 children (9 male and 3 female) were reevaluated up to 82 months after decoronation (mean, 49.58 ± 24 months). The mean age of the patients at the time of trauma was 9.83 ± 2.8 years. The average bucco-palatal dimension of the alveolar ridge at the mid-decoronation area was 9 ± 1 mm compared with 10.17 ± 0.9 mm at the contralateral homologous tooth (difference of 1.67 ± 1.12, P = .004). The findings show a positive statistical correlation between the duration of the follow-up period and the bucco-palatal dimension of the alveolar ridge (P = .027).ConclusionsAlthough decoronation of ankylosed young permanent incisors resulted in a decrease in the bucco-palatal dimension with time, it did not prevent additional alveolar growth that occurs with age in a developing child and thus may help maintain the alveolar bone ridge width, height, and continuity and assist in future rehabilitation with less invasive ridge augmentation procedures required for implant placement.     

自体冠突移植在颞下颌关节强直关节重建术中的应用

目的：探讨自体冠突移植在颞下颌关节强直关节重建术中的应用及效果。方法：对2008年9月—2010年9月期间收治的9例颞下颌关节强直患者应用自体冠突移植关节重建术式治疗,间隙插补物采用自体关节盘或口腔生物膜,比较术前、术后开口度、咬合情况和锥形束CT检查结果。结果：术后随访12～24个月,术后最大开口度得到明显改善,咬合关系无改变,在随访期内, 所有患者无复发。锥形束CT显示,移植冠突与下颌支骨性愈合,移植的冠突顶端变圆钝,向髁突形态转变。结论：自体冠突移植关节重建术是治疗颞下颌关节强直的有效术式。     

Complete infraocclusion of a previously erupted primary molar: A case report

The prevalence of infraoccluded or impacted primary molars was reported to be from 1.3% to 8.9% of the population with higher incidence between siblings. This is a report of a rare case of a 10-year-and-11-month-old boy with a previously erupted primary maxillary right second molar that was restored by with an amalgam filling at about three years of age. After seven years, the said tooth was found X-ray photographically to be completely embedded into the alveolar bone with an “impacted” maxillary permanent second premolar. There was also mesial tipping of the adjacent permanent first molar. The management of this case included the use of a space regainer to correct the molar tipping, surgical removal of the ankylotic infraoccluded primary molar and the use of a palatal holding arch to correct the torsiversion. This report underscores the need for early recognition of infraoccluded/ ankylosed primary teeth by dentists for regular monitoring and timely and appropriate intervention.     

Root and Bone Response to the Proximity of a Mini-Implant under Orthodontic Loading

Objective:To determine the histological reaction of the root and bone as a mini-implant approaches the root.Materials and Methods:Two kinds of mini-implants were inserted into the buccal alveolar bone of 4 beagles (2 males and 2 females). The specimens were classified as the near-root group, the PDL contact group, the root contact group, and the root perforation group. Cementum resorption, dentin resorption, cementum repair, cementum growth, ankylosis, root cracking, and root fracture were assessed as the implant neared the root.Results:The incidence of root resorption increased when the mini-implant was less than 0.6 mm from the root in the near-root group and PDL contact group. Root cracking and root fracture occurred in the root contact group and root perforation group. Bone resorption and ankylosis were observed in some specimens. However, some specimens of the PDL contact group and root contact group had cementum growth or little root resorption despite proximity to the root. In the root perforation group, root resorption and ankylosis occurred on the side opposite the insertion.Conclusions:There is a risk of root contact and severe tissue damage from a thick mini-implant and the drilling procedure, either of which can induce root resorption or ankylosis. Use of smaller mini-implants may reduce root contact and tissue damage. However, the small mini-implant may need enhancement of its stability.     

Pathologic features in two siblings with the Pena-Shokeir I syndrome

Two siblings whose clinical and pathologic features were consistent with the Syndrome of camptodactyly, multiple ankyloses and pulmonary hypoplasia originally described by Pena and Shokeir were examined at autopsy. Additional features were intrauterine growth retardation, immaturity of the central nervous system (CNS) and atrophy of skeletal muscles. Our data suggest that CNS damage may cause the complicated phenotypic abnormalities of the syndrome.Abbreviations CNS central nervous system - IUGR intrauterine growth retardation - COFS cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal     

强直性脊柱炎诊治进展

本文重点介绍强直性脊柱炎的流行病学特点、发病机制、临床表现、诊断和治疗。