新购尿液分析仪对比性评价的必要性初探

临床实验室在新仪器和／或试剂投入使用前，应该对仪器性能及试剂质量进行初步认证，合格方可购置或使用。目前对尿液干化学分析仪及试纸条系统的评价尚未引起足够重视，也无理想的评价方法。本研究以结果稳定的Ames Clinitek100干化学尿液分析仪（检测速度100人份／h）及配套Multistix10 SG试纸条结果作参照，参考室间质评的可接受范围判定方法，对拟购进分析速度较快的两家公司尿液分析仪的性能作出初评。现报告如下。     

口咽通气道固定方法的改进

口咽通气道法是用“S”型管道插入咽部,使舌根前移,达到解除呼吸道梗阻的目的。传统的口咽通气道固定方法是将胶布缠绕牙垫顶部,贴在面颊的两侧。但在临床应用中我们发现,这种固定方法易脱出,清洗时胶布很难去除,对胶布过敏者,粘贴处易出现过敏性皮炎或破溃。针对上述情况我们对口咽通气道的固定方法进行了改进:将通气道翼缘两侧各打1个小孔,从两侧小孔各自穿一绷带。当气管插管等管道插入通气道后,将绷带绕至患者颈后部打结固定即可。此方法简单易行,可以防止脱落,避免使用胶布造成的皮肤过敏。口咽通气道固定方法的改进!075000$中国人民…     

PET／CT检查的护理配合

对PET／CT检查的385例患者和169例健康体检者给予精心、科学的检查前、检查后护理，并注意自身的放射性防护。结果554例均检查顺利，医务人员近期血常规正常。     

Clearance of beta- amyloid from the CSF by the choroid plexus： implications in drug development for treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease

The formation of insoluble aggregates of beta - amyloid peptide （ A ） within the brain extracellular fluid is a critical event in the etiology of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）. In theory, an unbalanced A kinetics can be due to its over production, inadequate metabolic cleaning, or an improper balance of import or export of A or related molecules at brain barriers. We investigated the role of the choroid plexus, which forms a barrier between blood and brain cerebrospinal fluid （ CSF）, in regulating A in the CSF. A uptake from CSF was determined as its volume of distribution （ VD ） into isola- ted rat choroid plexus tissue by using [^125I] A 1-40 and along with a extracellular space marker [^14C ] sucrose. The choroid plexus exhibited a definite capacity in sequestering [^125I] A 1-40 from the surrounding CSF. Uptake of [^125I] A by the choroid plexus was saturable, time - and temperature - dependent, and not ttffected by addition of transthyretin or apolipoprotein E3. Studies with cultured monolayers of primary choroid epithelial cells indicated that A permeability across cells, corrected by [ ^14C] sucrose, was greater from the CSF -facing membrane than from the blood -facing membrane. Similarly, cellular accumulation of [ ^125 I ] A was concentrative from both directions and was greater from the CSF -facing membrane. Quantitative real- time RT- PCR, immunodetection and enzyme activity assays further revealed the presence of several key enzymes involved in A production, e. g. , amyloid precursor protein and beta - secretase, and in A metabolism and alternate processing, e. g. , insulin degrading enzyme, endothelin - converting enzyme - 1, neprilysin and alpha - secretase. Overall, these results suggest the choroid plexus selectively cleanses A from the CSF by an undetermined mechanism （s） ; moreover, it has the capacity to degrade A , suggesting a vital role of this tissue in maintaining A homeostasis. The perspectives of drug development for treatment of AD by reducing A from brain extracellular fluid as a new strategy will be discussed.     

畲族服药方法浅析

目的：探索畲族用药服用方法特点。方法：根据自制畲医药数据库统计分析，归纳整理，总结畲药服用方式及较独特的用法。结果：部分畲药服用方法较独特，值得研究。结论：畲药服用方法与中医药（汉方）大同小异。     

A组乙型链球菌脂磷壁酸的提取及其交叉反应性研究

目的 探讨A组乙型链球菌(iAS)脂磷壁酸(LTA)提取方法及其在风湿热发病过程中的意义。方法 用曲通114(TX—114)从GAS中提取LTA并用阴离子交换树脂二乙基氨基纤维素(DEAE—Sephace1)层析纯化；做LTA与人心瓣膜抗原吸附试验；分析LTA抗体的滴度与风湿性心脏病瓣膜病理结果的关系。结果 用TX—114提取并用阴离子交换树脂DEAE-Sephaccl层析纯化的LTA纯度较高，且保持了LTA的生物学活性；吸附抗体后的血清标本LTA抗体由阳性转为阴性，而末吸附抗体的血清标本LTA抗体仍为阳性，提示LTA与人心瓣膜之间存在交叉抗原性：血清LTA—IgG抗体阳性的4例患者中有3例病理切片发现心瓣膜或心肌间质有灶性炎症细胞浸润；血清LTA-IgG抗体阴性的6例病人均未见灶性炎症细胞浸润(Fiher精确概率=0．033)。结论 TX—114法是提取GAS的LTA的有效新方法；GAS的UFA与人心瓣膜之间存在交叉抗原性，LTA可能参与了风湿热的发病过程。     

眉间"川"字纹手术方法的改良与应用

眉间“川”字纹是临床常见的面部衰老表现，如何先择适当手术方案使之减轻并保持长期稳定的效果，从而实现有效面部年轻化，一直是美容外科关注的热点问题，我们自2002年以来通过眉间纹邻近切口，采用复合组织瓣或自体游离组织进行矫正获得较好效果，现报告如下。     

急诊术前HIV抗体金标法快速检测的临床意义

目的论证急诊术前HIV抗体金标法快速检测的必要性及其临床意义。方法采用免疫胶体金技术(DIG-FA)即金标法和酶免疫(EIA)检测方法平行检测急诊术前患者血清艾滋病病毒抗体(抗HIV1/2),并对DIGFA技术参数进行评估。结果急诊手术患者群中HIV抗体阳性率为1.05%;抗HIV1/2 DIGFA试卡检测特异性为100.00%、灵敏度为80%,检测总效率为99.79%。结论HIV抗体金标法特异性、灵敏度、检测总效率等符合初筛要求,急诊术前采用金标法快速检测HIV抗体,可节省检测时间以赢得宝贵的手术时间,又可使医生在术中对可疑患者进行针对性预防,降低医源性HIV感染概率。     

护理本科生临床带教初探

总结了护理本科生临床带教的方法。主要带教措施为:制定目标及任务,从师资和护生等方面做好充分准备,巩固专业思想,强化三基训练,开展形式多样的教学活动以及出科评价。     

诊断小的肝细胞癌肝活检较无创检查更准确

据美国圣路易斯大学Bialecki等报告，在肝细胞癌（HCC）的诊断方法中，肝活检的敏感性优于无创诊断技术，尤其是对于直径较小的肿瘤。因此在诊断HCC疑似患者时，推荐进行影像学指导下的肝活检。[Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006，4（3）：361]