血浆中高级糖化终产物的水平与糖尿病并发症的关系研究

目的 探讨高级糖化终产物与糖尿病并发症的关系。方法 采用本实验室自行研制的竞争性酶联免疫吸附分析方法，测定了糖尿病有并发症组病人血浆95例，糖尿病无并发症组人血浆65例，正常对照65例。结果：在糖尿病有并发症组中，高级糖化终产物（AGEs）浓度[（6．625（1．691）U／mL，n=95]明显高于糖尿病无并发症组[（5．904（2．071）U／mL，n=65，P=0．017]，也明显高于正常人组[（5．337（1．138，n=65，p〈0．005]。以有无并发症为应变量进行多元logistic回归分析显示，血浆AGEs浓度〉6．085U／ml者，糖尿病并发症发生的危险性增加（OR值为2．989，95％可信限为1．407—6．350）。多元逐步线性回归显示：糖尿病病程、冠心病史与血浆AGEs浓度之间有线性关系。结论血浆AGEs浓度是糖尿病发生并发症的独立危险因素。     

性罪错人群阴道毛滴虫寄生情况的连续观察

目的:为了解阴道毛滴虫在性罪错人群寄生的情况,探讨和分析阴道毛滴虫寄生与性罪错人群间可能存在的联系。方法:对南通市公安局收容教育所性罪错人群以及本市某国营纺织厂健康纺织女工阴道毛滴虫的寄生情况进行了6个月～1年的连续性观察。对1998～2001年间南通市公安局收容教育所性罪错人群3490人和随机抽样国营纺织厂纺织女工284人分别采用生理盐水涂片法镜检阴道毛滴虫滋养体。结果:性罪错人群中淋病双球菌、解脲文原体、沙眼衣原体和梅毒螺旋体感染者阴道毛滴虫滋养体的平均阳性检出率为31.54％,明显高于正常对照组(2.46％,7/284),差异非常显著(x~2=29.97,P<0.005),并且淋病双球菌、解脲支原体、沙眼衣原体和梅毒螺旋体混合感染者,阴道毛滴虫滋养体的阳性检出率高于单纯淋病、解脲支原体感染、沙眼衣原体感染和梅毒螺旋体感染者。结论:建议性罪错人群在接受淋病双球菌、解脲支原体、沙眼衣原体、梅毒螺旋体时,甚至包括艾滋病毒等特异性检测的同时,必须常规检查阴道毛滴虫滋养体,尤其应当高度重视性传播疾病混合感染,务必选用抗性病和抗滴虫相结合的治疗方法,有利于患者迅速痊愈。     

Splenocyte response to T cell-derived cytokines in thymectomized Xenopus.

A miniaturized, “hanging-drop” bioassay reveals that splenocytes from earlythymectomized (Tx) Xenopus can respond (by enhanced thymidine incorporation) to thymicdependent “cytokines” generated in PHA- or alloantigen-stimulated cultures. Preliminary evidence, using fluorescence activated cell sorting, indicates that surface IgM⁻ splenocytes, rather than sIgM⁺ cells, from Tx toads are sensitive to the crude, splenocyte-derived, active supernatants. Although these responsive cells display residual, but low, reactivity to PHA, their thymus independence is suggested by flow cytometric observations using the anti-T cell monoclonal antibody XT-1. The development of “T-like” cells in Tx Xenopus is discussed.     

Mixed dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor and ganglioglioma

We report a case of a 15-year-old girl with new onset seizures, who had a mixed dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT) and ganglioglioma of the right parieto-occipital lobe. The tumor appeared well demarcated and exhibited a low T1 and a high T2 signal on magnetic resonance imaging. Architecturally it was in large part intracortical and multinodular, but also featured a leptomeningeal component. The former corresponded to DNT, a proliferation of oligodendroglia-like cells (OLCs) arranged in nodules, as well as comprising a diffuse internodular element featuring “floating neurons” in a mucoid matrix. The leptomeningeal portion of the lesion was a ganglioglioma consisting of large neurons and astrocytes in association with marked desmoplasia. Spacially, the two components abutted one another but appeared distinct. Immunohistochemistry showed the neurons of the ganglioglioma to be positive for class III β-tubulin, synaptophysin, and chromogranin A, whereas the astrocytic cells stained only for glial fibrillary acidic protein. Most OLCs in the DNT were positive for S-100 protein. This apparently mixed lesion suggests that a close histogenetic relationship exists between DNT and ganglioglioma. We postulate that the pluripotential progenitor cells residing in the subpial granular layer may have given rise to the cortical DNT and to the leptomeningeal ganglioglioma. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed histological, immunochemical and ultrastructural report of a mixed DNT and ganglioglioma. Received: 11 August 1997 / Revised, accepted: 24 November 1997     

不同孕期阶段孕妇凝血四项及FDP和D-二聚体的变化及临床意义

目的:研究不同孕期阶段(早、中、晚)孕妇凝血四项、血浆纤维蛋白(原)降解产物[plasma fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products, FDP]、D-二聚体的变化及临床意义,为临床诊疗提供理论支持。方法:回顾性分析2021年1月至2021年12月200例孕妇就诊资料中的凝血四项,纤维蛋白原(fibrinogen, FIB)、凝血酶原时间(prothrombin time, PT)、凝血酶时间(thrombin time, TT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(activated partial thromboplastin time, APTT)。并对FDP与D-二聚体的检测结果进行统计分析,比较孕早期、中期、晚期三个阶段凝血四项、FDP和D-二聚体水平的变化。结果:孕早期、孕中期与孕晚期PT水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);孕早期、孕中期与孕晚期三个阶段的TT相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);孕早期的APTT明显长于中期、晚期孕妇,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);孕早期、中期、晚期孕妇,随着孕周的增加,FIB水平逐渐升高...     

Monitoring of central venous oxygen saturation versus mixed venous oxygen saturation in critically ill patients

Continous monitoring of mixed venous (SvO₂) and central venous (ScO₂) oxygen saturation was compared in 7 critically-ill patients (Apache II score: 19±2.1) to determine whether or not information derived from ScO₂ were reliable in clinical practice. Patients were catheterized with both a pulmonary artery (PA) and a central venous (CV) catheter, each of them mounted with fiberoptic sensors (Opticath PA Catheter P7110 and Opticath CV Catheter U440, Abbott). A total of 580 comparative measurements were obtained during periods without and with therapeutic interventions (drug-titration, bronchial suction, use of PEEP, changes in FiO₂...). The systematic error between the 2 measurement techniques was 0.6% and 0.3% in periods with and without therapeutic interventions, respectively. The variability between the 2 techniques was 10% for both periods. Differences between the values were 5% in 49% of values during periods of stability and in 50% of values during periods with therapeutic interventions. There were poor correlations between the values during periods without (r=0.48) and with therapeutic interventions (r=0.62). Better, but still less than ideal, correlations were obtained with changes in SvO₂ and ScO₂ during periods without (r=0.70) and with therapeutic interventions (r=0.77). Although there is a need to develop a simple technique to monitor mixed venous oxygen saturation, the present study indicates that ScO₂ monitoring was not reliable in the study patients.     

Expression of oncogene products, anti-oncogene products and oncofetal antigens in intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas

A few previous studies have demonstrated the expression or mutations of oncogenes and anti-oncogenes as well as that of oncofetal antigens in intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas. In this study, we have investigated the immunohistochemical expression of oncogene (ras and c-erbB-2) and anti-oncogene (p53 and retinoblastoma [Rb]) products and oncofetal antigens (CEA, CA19-9 and DUPAN-2) in nine such tumours of the pancreas. In normal pancreas (5 cases), the Rb gene product and CA19-9 were expressed in all cases, while ras and c-erbB-2 gene products, p53 protein, CEA and DUPAN-2 were not expressed. In intraductal papillary-mucinous tumours (n = 9), ras, c-erbB-2, p53 and Rb gene products were present in 4/9 (44%), 7/9 (78%), 0.9 (0%) and 6/9 (67%) cases, respectively. CEA, CA19-9 and DUPAN-2 were expressed in 8/9 (89%), 9/9 (100%) and 2/9 (22%) cases respectively. In invasive ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancrease (7 cases), ras, c-erbB-2, p53 and Rb gene products were expressed in 3/7 (43%), 6/7 (86%), 2/7 (29%) and 3/ & (43%) cases respectively. CEA, CA19-9 and DUPAN-2 were expressed in 7/7 (100%), 7/7 (100%) and 6/7 (86%) cases, respectively. The extent and intensity of the expression of these antigens was greater in invasive ductal adenocarcinomas. These data suggest that activation of ras and c-erbB-2 oncogenes and inactivation of Rb anti-oncogene may contribute to the development and progression of intraductal papillary-mucinous tumours of the pancreas and that there is neo-expression of CEA and DUPAN-2 during the development and progression of these tumours.     

基于粗配准和混合互信息的医学图像配准算法

利用边缘检测算子和数学形态学方法提取医学图像轮廓,采用主轴矩法配准两幅图像的轮廓,使其达到粗略配准的目的。通常的互信息测度是基于香农熵的,因为香农熵对于局部极值具有很强吸引域,而某些参数下的雷尼熵可以消除局部极值,将两种测度分别用于精配过程中不同的搜索阶段。首先利用全局搜索算法,寻找基于雷尼熵的归一化互信息测度的全局最优初值,再通过局部优化算法对当前的最优解寻找基于香农熵的更精确的全局最优解。实验表明,这种配准算法是有效的。     

Priming effect of RANTES on eosinophil oxidative metabolism

Background RANTES has been shown to possess chemotactic activity for eosinophils, which have also been considered to play a role in allergic inflammation through reactive oxygen species. Thus, in this study, we examined the effect of RANTES on radical oxygen products from eosinophils.
Methods Purified eosinophils by CD16-negative selection or an eosinophilic cell line (EoL-1) were incubated with or without RANTES (2.5 x 10⁻⁶). To the mixture of eosinophils and luminol, calcium ionophore (A23187) or opsonized zymosan (OZ) was added, and radical oxygen products were determined by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence for 600 s.
Results Eosinophil-mediated radical oxygen products of untreated eosinophils produced with A23187 gave a peak value of 14.09 + 2.40 (mean±SE, n = 12) relative light units (RLU) and an integrated value of 3232.20 + 513.09 RLU. However, with treatment with RANTES, a peak value of 18.66 + 2.40 RLU and an integrated value of 5301.05 ±561.02 RLU were obtained. Eosinophil oxidative metabolism-induced A23187 or OZ was apparently augmented by the preincubation with RANTES. In addition, the radical oxygen products of EoL-1 showed similar results.
Conclusions Thus, we concluded that RANTES may play an important role the pathogenesis of allergic inflammation through its involvement in eosinophil activation, as evidenced by oxygen products, as well as in selective eosinophil infiltration as selective eosinophil chemoattractant.     

Effect of prolonged physical exercise on the fibrinolytic system

Summary The effect of a test marathon race on plasma fibrinolytic activity (FA) was studied in 16 endurance athletes before, immediately after, 3 h, and 31 h after the run. Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity increased about 31-fold immediately after the run. Similar increases were found in t-PA antigen concentration. Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) was not detectable immediately after the race and was significantly decreased 3 h (P < 0.05) and 31 h (P < 0.01) later. B_15–42 peptide increased by 0.63 pmol · ml^–1 (P<0.001),d-dimer by 68.3 ng · ml^–1 (P< 0.05). Euglobulin lysis time (ELT) was reduced from 109 to 18 min (P<0.001). The increased t-PA activity and t-PA antigen concentration disappeared in the course of the first 3 h after exertion. ELT also reached its pre-exercise levels at this time. Thirty-one hours after the race ELT and t-PA antigen levels were slightly but significantly reduced (P<0.05), whereas B_15–42 peptide remained increased (P<0.05). t-PA activity was unchanged compared with pre-exercise values. It seems that the exercise-induced FA is mainly caused by the marked increase of t-PA antigen and t-PA activity.