云芝多糖对小鼠超氧化物歧化酶活力的影响(英文)

目的:研究云芝多糖(CVP,ip)对小鼠有关组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力的作用。方法:实验在正常,荷瘤和~(60)Co-γ线辐射损伤小鼠中同步进行。SOD活力测定采用肾上腺素自氧化法。结果:CVP既能不同程度地增强正常小鼠和正常迟发型超敏感性(DH)小鼠淋巴细胞,脾及胸腺中SOD的活力,又能明显恢复或防止肿瘤或辐射对小鼠DH和淋巴细胞,脾及胸腺中SOD的抑制效应。CVP对肿瘤生长和肿瘤组织中SOD活力均有明显抑制作用。结论:CVP对小鼠SOD活性有促进作用,CVP的抗肿瘤和免疫恢复作用与其对SOD的作用有一定的联系。     

Postoperative radiotherapy and radiotherapy combined with CCNU chemotherapy for treatment of brain gliomas

A prospective, randomized trial evaluates the effects of two postoperative treatment regimens on survival in 198 adult patients with supratentorial gliomas. All patients were irradiated with 6 000 rads after possibly radical removal of tumors. CCNU administration in the dosis of 100 mg/sq m of body surface every 6–8 weeks following surgery proved to have no significant effect on the survival of patients. The median survival time in patients receiving radiation therapy alone was 61±7 weeks, while in those receiving additional chemotherapy was 56±4 weeks. Tumor histological malignancy and patients age were found to be the only important prognostic factors, irrespective of the treatment modality. Address for offprints: T Trojanowski, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-950 Lublin, Poland     

γ线照射对大鼠胃酸分泌及胃泌素释放的影响

本实验观察了大鼠全身照射不同剂量(4～25Gy)及全腹部照射(10Gy)后胃酸分泌的变化并用RIA方法测定照射后胃窦及血清中胃泌素水平.结果表明,全身8～25Gy照射后第3天,腹部10Gy照射后1～6周,胃酸分泌明显抑制.主现表现为胃液中[H~+]分泌的抑制,致使照射后胃液酸度降低.10Gy以上剂量照射使胃泌素释放增加,表现为血清胃泌素明显升高,胃窦胃泌素明显减少,导致照射引起的"低胃酸、高胃泌素血症".这种表现与人的某些萎缩性胃炎或恶性贫血的状况相似.     

The distribution and possible function of gamma interferon-immunoreactive cells in normal endometrium and myometrium

Summary T-lymphocytes are present in normal endometrium, where they may have a role in the control of glandular maturation. T-cell activity could be related to the local secretion of cytokines such as gamma interferon, which has an anti-proliferative effect on endometrial epithelial cells in vitro. We have examined gamma interferon immunoreactivity and T-cell distribution in 24 normal pre-menopausal uteri. Endometrial appearances were representative of all stages of the menstrual cycle. Most cells in the lymphoid aggregates in the stratum basalis were stained by T-cell and gamma interferon antisera. T-lymphocytes were also scattered in glandular epithelium and throughout the stroma of basal and functional layers; immunoreactivity for gamma interferon was less consistent in these cells. There was no alteration in the intensity or distribution of gamma interferon staining in different phases of the menstrual cycle. Endometrial granulocytes (K-cells) present mainly in the late secretory endometria were not reactive with the gamma interferon antiserum. In addition to endometrial staining, T-cells were distributed in all areas of the myometrium in most uteri, and many myometrial lymphocytes were gamma interferon positive. These results support a role for gamma interferon in endometrial physiology, possibly as an inhibitor of epithelial proliferation.     

血清谷氨酰转肽酶含量测定在慢性乙型肝炎中的临床意义

目的探讨血清谷氨酰转肽酶（GGT）含量变化在慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）不同程度肝脏病理损害中的变化规律及临床意义。方法测定70例CHB患者血清ALT、AST、GGT水平，同时行肝活体组织检查，对肝脏进行炎症分级和纤维分期。分析ALT、AST、GGT与CHB之间的关系。结果（1）ALT、AST、GGT随炎症程度和纤维化程度的上升而上升，但到G4和s4后则下降。GGT随ALT、AST的升高而升高，ALT、AST和GGT的相关系数分别为：0．322、0．328（P〈0．05）。在保肝治疗后，ALT较快降至正常且GGT保持在一个较低水平的为轻度CHB，而随着ALT下降，GGT仍持续在一个较高水平的为中度及重度CHB，其中重度CHB的GGT水平有所波动。结论血清GGT比ALT、AST更准确的反映肝脏的炎症程度，GGT的活动度给临床判断慢乙肝的炎症提供了重要的判断依据。     

Voronoi Polyhedra Analysis of Optimized Arterial Tree Models

Topological and metric properties of Voronoi polyhedra (VP) generated by the distal end points of terminal segments in arterial tree models grown by the method of constrained constructive optimization (CCO) are analyzed with the aim to characterize the spatial distribution of their supply sites relative to randomly distributed points as a reference model. The distributions of the number N _f of Voronoi cell faces, cell volume V, surface area S, area A of individual cell faces, and asphericity parameter of the CCO models are all significantly different from the ones of random points, whereas the distributions of V, S, and are also significantly different among CCO models optimized for minimum intravascular volume and minimum segment length (p < 0.0001). The distributions of N _f , V, and S of the CCO models are reasonably well approximated by two-parameter gamma distributions. We study scaling of intravascular blood volume and arterial cross-sectional area with the volume of supplied tissue, the latter being represented by the VP of the respective terminal segments. We observe scaling exponents from 1.20 ± 0.007 to 1.08 ± 0.005 for intravascular blood volume and 0.77 ± 0.01 for arterial cross-sectional area. Setting terminal flows proportional to the associated VP volumes during tree construction yields a relative dispersion of terminal flows of 37% and a coefficient of skewness of 1.12. © 2003 Biomedical Engineering Society. PAC2003: 8719Uv, 8710+e, 4720Ky, 0260Pn, 0230Oz     

中医灸与人体穴位红外辐射光谱特性研究

本文通过锁相放大技术测到人体不到1cm^2面积的体表红外辐射光谱。通过对这些光谱的归一化处理后发现，不同人体和同一人体的不同穴位，尽管其红外辐射绝对光谱及强度相差很大，但归一化光谱都有相当的一致性与可比性。进一步将人体发射的平均归一化光谱与中医艾条灸、隔姜灸、隔蒜灸及隔附子饼灸点燃过程中的光谱比较发现，后面三种间隔灸与人体自发辐射的光谱有着惊人的一致性，而艾条灸等的光谱却相差甚远。     

核辐射对机体的影响

机体受到一定剂量核辐射后会出现多个器官结构和功能的改变.本文综述了机体受到低剂量核辐射后出现的免疫细胞数量和功能变化,包括淋巴细胞总数和部分亚群数量、淋巴细胞转化率、血清免疫球蛋白含量以及单核细胞功能等变化.同时还综述了核辐射对内分泌及遗传的影响.     

线扫描直接数字化X线摄影原理与应用

目的 探讨线扫描直接数字化X线摄影的工作原理与实用价值。方法 以多丝正比室线扫描X线摄影系统为基础，分析线扫描直接数字化X线摄影的适用性。结果 线扫描成像技术克服了散射线造成的干扰，且探测灵敏度和精密度分辨率高。结论 线扫描成像技术适合于除了动态摄影以外的各种数字X线摄影，对我国常规X线摄影逐步实现数字化开辟了美好的前景。     

血清内皮素-1作为早期放射性肺损伤标志物的探讨

目的:探讨内皮素-1(ET-1)作为一种早期放射性肺损伤诊断及病情变化的血清学标志物的可能性。方法:将190只雌性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组(C组)和实验组,即:放射组(R组)、氟代他汀(Flu)干预组(Flu组)、维甲酸干预组(Ra组)及地塞米松(Dex)干预组(Dex组)。实验组大鼠麻醉固定后,用直线加速器全胸照射15Gy1次,剂量率为2Gy/min,距离为1m。从照射后次日开始,Flu组经胃灌服Flu(20mg·kg-1·d-1),Ra组灌服Ra(20mg·kg-1·d-1),Dex组灌服Dex(3.33mg·kg-1·d-1),C及R组均灌服等量的生理盐水。各组分别于照射后5、15、30、60d,将大鼠分批断头或经心内穿刺取血,分离血清;同时切取肺组织,用放射测定法(RIA)分别测定ET1,层黏连蛋白(LN)及透明质酸(HA)的水平;同时观察肺部的病理变化。结果:与C组相比较,R组大鼠血清ET-1的水平于照射后第5天开始升高(P<0.05),尔后随着放射性肺损伤的加重逐渐升高,于照射后60d检测达高峰。R组大鼠血清LN的水平于照射后30d开始升高,HA于照射后60d开始升高。R组大鼠血清ET-1水平的升高明显早于其他各组,且同放射性肺损伤的病理变化的程度相关。结论:血清ET-1可作为放射性肺损伤早期诊断及动态监测病情变化的一种标志物。