全文获取类型
收费全文 | 8085篇 |
免费 | 760篇 |
国内免费 | 255篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 53篇 |
儿科学 | 131篇 |
妇产科学 | 259篇 |
基础医学 | 1033篇 |
口腔科学 | 122篇 |
临床医学 | 877篇 |
内科学 | 1297篇 |
皮肤病学 | 64篇 |
神经病学 | 411篇 |
特种医学 | 200篇 |
外国民族医学 | 3篇 |
外科学 | 1114篇 |
综合类 | 930篇 |
现状与发展 | 3篇 |
预防医学 | 476篇 |
眼科学 | 32篇 |
药学 | 482篇 |
7篇 | |
中国医学 | 226篇 |
肿瘤学 | 1380篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 17篇 |
2023年 | 119篇 |
2022年 | 186篇 |
2021年 | 328篇 |
2020年 | 305篇 |
2019年 | 276篇 |
2018年 | 258篇 |
2017年 | 305篇 |
2016年 | 357篇 |
2015年 | 325篇 |
2014年 | 648篇 |
2013年 | 637篇 |
2012年 | 421篇 |
2011年 | 533篇 |
2010年 | 406篇 |
2009年 | 420篇 |
2008年 | 419篇 |
2007年 | 433篇 |
2006年 | 359篇 |
2005年 | 292篇 |
2004年 | 252篇 |
2003年 | 228篇 |
2002年 | 186篇 |
2001年 | 169篇 |
2000年 | 139篇 |
1999年 | 123篇 |
1998年 | 106篇 |
1997年 | 73篇 |
1996年 | 89篇 |
1995年 | 80篇 |
1994年 | 81篇 |
1993年 | 54篇 |
1992年 | 54篇 |
1991年 | 47篇 |
1990年 | 42篇 |
1989年 | 42篇 |
1988年 | 31篇 |
1987年 | 39篇 |
1986年 | 25篇 |
1985年 | 42篇 |
1984年 | 32篇 |
1983年 | 30篇 |
1982年 | 25篇 |
1981年 | 22篇 |
1980年 | 12篇 |
1979年 | 13篇 |
1978年 | 12篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有9100条查询结果,搜索用时 16 毫秒
11.
12.
目的分析研究绝经后女性2型糖尿病伴骨质疏松症患者骨密度与骨代谢指标的相关性。方法选取2013年10月至2017年05月于重庆医科大学附属第一医院内分泌内科住院的绝经后女性2型糖尿病患者385名。搜集其基本资料、骨代谢指标及骨密度等。根据T值将这些患者分为骨质疏松组(233例)、骨量减少组(101例)和骨量正常组(51例),比较三组间骨代谢指标的变化,并对骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)与各项骨代谢指标进行相关性分析。结果 1型前胶原氨基末端前肽(Type I procollagen N-terminal propeptide,P1NP)、骨钙素(bone Gla protein,BGP)在骨质疏松组显著高于骨量减少组、骨量正常组(P0.05);随着骨密度的降低,1型胶原羧基端肽β特殊序列(β-Carboxyl terminal peptide,β-CTX)逐渐升高,骨质疏松组、骨量减少组与骨量正常组相比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);Spearman等级相关分析示P1NP、BGP、β-CTX与骨密度呈负相关,25(OH)D_3与骨密度呈现正相关。结论绝经后女性2型糖尿病伴骨质疏松症患者骨密度与骨代谢指标有一定的相关性,有助于预测骨折风险并及时抗骨质疏松治疗。 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
Prevention of Bone Loss by Clodronate in Early Postmenopausal Women with Vertebral Osteopenia: A Dose-Finding Study 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M. J. V?lim?ki K. Laitinen K. Laitinen A. Patronen H. Puolijoki H. Puolijoki J. Sepp?nen L. Pylkk?nenand the Probone Study Group 《Osteoporosis international》2002,13(12):937-947
This double-masked, placebo-controlled study was undertaken to determine the efficacy and safety of oral clodronate in the
prevention of bone loss in early postmenopausal women with vertebral osteopenia. Altogether 610 women with a mean age of 53
years were recruited for the study. They were 1–5 years postmenopausal and their lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) was
at least 1 standard deviation below the mean of premenopausal women (T-score ≤−1). The subjects were randomized into five study groups to receive either placebo, clodronate 65 mg, 400 mg or 800
mg daily, or intermittent clodronate in 3 month cycles with 400 mg daily for 15 days followed with no treatment for 75 days
for 3 years. One hundred and eighty-seven of 509 women who completed the primary study continued in the extension study of
2 years in which previous placebo users were switched to clodronate 800 mg daily, while previous users of 400 mg or 800 mg
of clodronate used either placebo or 800 mg of clodronate daily. In the primary study clodronate was administered in the evening,
and in the extension 1 h before breakfast on an empty stomach. In the primary study mean changes in lumbar spine BMD were
−3.4% in the placebo group and +0.4% in 800 mg clodronate group [difference between groups at 3 years 3.8% (95% CI 2.7% to
4.9%, p<0.0001)], and in the trochanter area BMD −1.1% in the placebo group, and + 0.4% in the 800 mg clodronate group [difference
between groups at 3 years 1.5% (95% CI 0.05% to 2.9%)]. During the extension study mean changes in lumbar spine BMD were +1.5%
in the clodronate group and −0.2 % in the placebo group [difference between groups 1.7% (CI 0.4% to 3.0%, p = 0.010)] and in trochanter BMD were +2.5% in the clodronate group and no change in the placebo group [difference between
groups 2.1% (CI 0.3% to 3.9%, p = 0.007)]. No statistically significant differences between the placebo and 800 mg clodronate groups were found in the femoral
neck BMD. In the primary study the urinary excretion of type I collagen aminoterminal telopeptide (NTX) decreased by 44% (p<0.0001 compared with placebo) and that of deoxypyridinoline by 18% (p<0.0001) in the clodronate 800 mg group. In the extension study urinary NTX decreased by 51% (p<0.0001) in those who were switched to 800 mg of clodronate and increased by 67% (p<0.0001) in those who stopped using that dose. There was no difference in the frequency of gastrointestinal complaints between
clodronate- and placebo-treated patients in the primary study, but they were more common among women who received clodronate
in the extension phase. Clodronate in daily doses of 400–800 mg caused a slight elevation of aminotransferase levels, usually
within the reference range. In bone biopsies no defect in mineralization was found. In conclusion, clodronate in a daily dose
of 800 mg prevents early postmenopausal bone loss at the sites of the skeleton in which cancellous bone predominates. It effectively
reduces bone resorption and bone turnover rate. Antifracture efficacy of clodronate remains to be established by prospective,
placebo-controlled trials.
Received: 4 March 2002 / Accepted: 9 July 2002 相似文献
16.
Segmental colonic transit studies: comparison of a radiological and a scintigraphic method 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
E. Lundin W. Graf U. Garske† S. Nilsson‡ E. Maripuu§ U. Karlbom 《Colorectal disease》2007,9(4):344-351
OBJECTIVE: Colonic transit studies are used to diagnose slow transit constipation (STC) and to evaluate segmental colonic transit before segmental or subtotal colectomy. The aim of the study was to compare a single X-ray radio-opaque marker method with a scintigraphic technique to assess total and segmental colonic transit in patients with STC. METHOD: Thirty-one female patients (median age 46 years) with severe constipation and a prolonged or borderline prolonged colonic transit time on radio-opaque marker study were included in the study. They were subsequently investigated with (111)Indium-DTPA colonic transit scintigraphy, with a median time between the investigations of 4(range 1-27) months. Normal values of healthy female controls were used for comparison. RESULTS: There was no difference between the two methods in terms of prolonged or normal total colonic transit time. Twenty-nine of 31 female patients had a prolonged transit time only in one or two segments on the marker study. On scintigraphy, the transit time was prolonged for patients in the left (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001), but not in the right colon. With respect to prolonged or normal segmental transit time, there was a significant difference between the two methods only in the descending colon (P = 0.02). However, the results varied considerably for individual patients. CONCLUSION: Segmental colonic delay was a common finding. The two methods gave similar results for groups of patients, except in the descending colon. The variation of the results for individuals suggests that a repeated transit test may improve the assessment of total and segmental transit. 相似文献
17.
前列腺癌中PIM-1的表达及其临床意义 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
目的 探讨PIM-1在前列腺癌中的表达及临床意义。方法 逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT—PCR)半定量分析2例良性前列腺增生(BPH)和5例前列腺癌(PCa)组织标本中PIM-1mRNA表达,免疫组织化学法检测20例BPH、20例高分级前列腺上皮内瘤(HGPIN)和42例PCa组织标本中PIM-1蛋白表达水平,染色结果分为阴性、弱阳性、阳性和强阳性。结果 5例PCa组织PIM-1mRNA表达相对值分别为0.63、0.55、0.42、0.91、0.76,2例BPH中其相对值为0.26、0.27。BPH、HGPIN和PCa组织中PIM-1蛋白阴性表达率分别为60%(12/20)、20%(4/20)和2%(1/42),弱阳性表达率分别为40%(8/12)、20%(4/20)和12%(5/42),阳性列强阳性表达率分别为0(0/20)、60%(12/20)和86%(36/42),PCa中PIM-1蛋白表达水平高于HGPIN和BPH(P值均〈0.05)。PIM-1蛋白表达水平随PCa的临床分期和病理分级增高而增强,在有和没有淋巴结转移PCa组织中PIM-1强阳性表达率分别为70%(7/10)、25%(8/32),差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论PIM-1高表达可能与PCa发生和发展相关,PIM-1表达水平与PCa分期、Gleason评分呈正相关,可能成为PCa预后判断的肿瘤标志物。 相似文献
18.
The value of MCA, CA 15-3, CEA and CA-125 for discrimination between metastatic breast cancer and adenocarcinoma of other primary sites 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
MCA, CA 15-3, CEA and CA 125 were determined in the serum of 49 patients with metastatic breast cancer and 38 patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of other primary sites. By using the 99th percentile of the normal value distribution as the cut-off point, the positive predictive value (PV+) was found to be 85% (95% CI 76-94) for MCA, and 71% (95% CI 61-81) for CA 15-3. When receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed, the PV+ for CA 15-3 was increased to 82% (95% CI 72-92), using 60 U ml-1 as the cut-off point. With the exception of two patients who had a slightly elevated MCA, MCA and CA 15-3 identified the same patients with breast cancer. By combining a positive MCA or CA 15-3 with a negative CEA and CA 125, further improvement of the PV+ could be achieved; 100% (95% CI 91-100). We conclude that MCA and CA 15-3 may play a useful role in discrimination between patients with metastatic breast cancer and those with adenocarcinoma of other primary sites. 相似文献
19.
Maria P. Panozzo Carlo Fabris Daniela Basso Giuseppe Del Favero Aldo Infantino Attilio Cecchetto Mario Plebani Remo Naccarato 《Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology》1993,20(3):185-191
1. The authors investigated the effect of two extrahepatic cholestasis models (one by bile duct ligation and the other by choledocho-jugular fistula) on the hepatic clearance of horseradish peroxidase in male Sprague-Dawley rats divided into four groups. 2. In groups A (n = 5 rats) and B (n = 5), bile duct ligation was performed, while a choledocho-jugular fistula was created in groups C (n = 5) and D (n= 7). A 10 mg intravenous bolus of horseradish peroxidase was injected after 24 h (groups A and C), 48 h (groups B and D) or 1 h (Group E; five sham-operated rats). Serum and bile samples were then serially collected for 2 h. 3. In all groups, serum horseradish peroxidase levels increased soon after injection and then rapidly decreased, the curves being similar. Biliary excretion increased for 30 min and then slowly decreased. The highest horseradish peroxidase biliary concentrations and outputs were found in Group B followed by Group A; both groups had significantly higher levels than Group E. No difference was found between horseradish peroxidase biliary excretion of groups C and D and that of sham-operated rats. 4. When each group was considered separately, sampling times correlated with the corresponding ratios of bile/ plasma HRP. Significant differences were found between the relative slopes of groups A, B and E, but not between those of groups C, D and E. 5. In conclusion, bile duct obstruction greatly affects the plasma-bile transfer of fluid phase markers, such as horseradish peroxidase, while single retention, caused by choledocho-jugular fistula, has no influence. The increased biliary hyperpressure related to the duration of cholestasis may account for the degree of horseradish peroxidase transfer which, in turn, probably depends on an enhanced paracellular passage. 相似文献
20.