Curative resection of gastric cancer: Limitation of peritoneal lavage cytology in predicting the outcome

Patients with stage T3N0～2M0 gastric carcinoma (n = 108) were studied for relevant prognostic factors. Peritoneal lavage cytology (PLC) was performed in all. In univariate analysis, 5-year survival rates were better with smaller serosal invasion (diameter <3.0 cm vs. ≥3.0 cm, 61% vs. 37%, P < 0.05) and fewer metastatic nodes (≤5 vs. ≥6, 57% vs. 29%, P < 0.05). In multivariate analyses, only these two factors were significant. The predictive value of PLC was not shown in both univariate and multivariate analyses. Peritoneal recurrence occured in 14 (22%) of 77 patients with negative PLC, and in 3 (18%) of 17 with positive PLC, the difference being not significant. Our results indicate that PLC is insensitive in predicting the development of peritoneal recurrence. Its role in the estimation of survival is limited, as many will die of visceral or locoregional recurrence if not of peritoneal dissemination.     

Expression of IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA in breast tissue

Summary Expression of IGF-I and IGF-II was studied in human breast cancer tissues by in situ hybridization. IGF-I mRNA was detected only in stromal cells adjacent to normal breast epithelial cells. Stromal cells associated with the tumor cells did not contain IGF-I, nor did malignant or benign breast epithelial cells. In contrast, IGF-II mRNA was found in both the malignant epithelial cells and their adjacent stromal cells. These data imply that stromal cells associated with breast epithelium may switch expression from IGF-I to IGF-II during breast cancer evolution. This appearance of IGF-II expression may identify cancer-associated stromal cells that have a fetal phenotype.     

胰头癌的早期诊断分析

目的 探讨胰头癌的早期诊断措施和各种影像学检查方法的合理应用。方法 对我院1998年1月～2002年12月间，42例胰头癌患者的临床资料和诊治过程进行回顾性统计分析。结果 所有病例均经剖腹手术和病理检查证实为胰头癌，92．8％的患者出现上腹饱胀不适的时间早于黄疸1～2月，胰头癌的ERCP、MRCP、CT等检查的影像学特征明显。对其中16例患者行胰十二指肠切除术，手术切除率为38．1％。结论 重视胰头癌早期非特异性症状，及时行B超检查。若B超发现阳性征象，应进一步综合、有序地运用各种影像学检查方法，力争达到早期诊断的目的。     

K~+ Channels and Their Effects on Membrane Potential in Rat Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cells

In order to investigate the K~+ channels and their effects on resting membrane potential(Em) and excitability in rat bronchial smooth muscle cells (BSMCs), the components of outward K~+channel currents and the effects of K~+ channels on Em and tension in rat bronchial smooth musclewere observed by using standard whole-cell recording of patch clamp and isometric tension recordingtechniques. The results showed that under resting conditions, total outward K~+ channel currents infreshly isolated BSMCs were unaffected by ATP-sensitive K~+ channel blocker. There were two typesof K~+ currents: voltage-dependent delayed rectifier K~+ channel (Kv) and large conductance calcium-activated K~+ channel (BK_(Ca)) currents. 1 mmol/L 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, an inhibitor of Kv)caused a significant depolarization (from — 8.7±5.9mV to —25.4±3.1mV, n=18, P<0.001).In contrast, 1 mmol/L tetraethylammonium (TEA, an inhibitor of BK_(Ca)) had no significant effect onEm (from —37.6±4.8 mV to —36.8±4.1 mV, n=12, P>0.05). 4     

Wortmannin抑制PI3-K途径对K562及NB4细胞增殖的影响

目的 :为探讨Wortmannin抑制磷酰肌醇 - 3激酶 (PI- 3K)途径对K5 62 ,NB4细胞增殖的影响 ,探寻慢性髓细胞性白血病 (CML)的治疗新途径 .方法 :用磷酰肌醇 - 3激酶 (PI - 3K)特异抑制剂Wort mannin抑制PI - 3K活性 ,观察慢性髓细胞性白血病细胞系K5 62细胞和急性早幼粒细胞性白血病细胞系NB4细胞在 2 4,48,72h增殖能力的变化 .t检验统计分析 .结果 :K5 62和NB4细胞在 2 4,48,72h的增殖抑制率分别为 3 4 67% ,5 7 46% ,65 85 %和 2 6 2 9% ,5 5 1% ,2 10 % .集落形成实验以GM -CSF为主要生长刺激物的培养体系在 3 7℃ ,5 %CO2 孵箱培养 14d后细胞系的集落数和集落形成率分别为K5 62 :80 75±10 2 4和 16 15 % ,K5 62 +WT :3 8 0 0± 12 75和 7 60 % ,NB4:2 9 5 0± 5 97和 5 90 % ,NB4+WT :3 0 5 0± 5 74和 6 10 % .集落形成抑制率为 :5 2 94%和 3 3 9% .结论 :Wortmannin可显著抑制K5 62细胞的增殖和集落形成 ,而对NB4细胞无明显影响 (P均 <0 0 5 ) .Wortmannin可以通过抑制PI - 3K通路抑制K5 62细胞的增殖 ,而对NB4细胞增殖无明显影响     

基质金属蛋白酶及微血管密度和子宫内膜癌的关系

基质金属蛋白酶及其抑制剂在子宫内膜癌的侵袭和转移中发挥着重要的作用。肿瘤的新生血管对肿瘤的发生、发展、转移及预后有着重要作用。微血管密度是衡量血管生成的定量指标。基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂可抑制血管的生成和MMPs对细胞外基质的降解。现将他们与子宫内膜癌的关系综述如下。     

Morphology and immunohistochemistry of carcinoma in situ adjacent to testicular germ cell tumours in adults and children: implications for histogenesis

Observations differ on the pre-invasive malignant lesions associated with the various categories of testicular germ cell tumours. Such lesions have been found to be similar in appearance and are assumed to be composed of multipotent cells, or conversely a distinctive pre-invasive stage has been reported in association with each form of germ cell neoplasm. This study was undertaken to see whether distinctive morphological and immunohistochemical features of carcinoma in situ adjacent to various categories of germ cell tumours could be established. Carcinoma in situ adjacent to seminomas, teratomas and mixed germ cell tumours in 18 adults was indistinguishable morphologically. Placental alkaline phosphatase was demonstrated immunohistochemically but vimentin and low molecular weight cytokeratins were uniformly absent in these abnormal germ cells from all three groups. These findings support the concept of a multipotent pre-invasive malignant cell for both seminoma and teratoma in the adult. Carcinoma in situ was not seen adjacent to 15 spermatocytic seminomas, nor was placental alkaline phosphatase demonstrated in tubules adjacent to these tumours. These negative findings are additional evidence that spermatocytic seminoma differs from classical seminoma in its histogenesis. Carcinoma in situ, as defined morphologically and immunohistochemically in adults, was not identified adjacent to yolk sac tumours and differentiated teratomas in 20 prepubertal testes. The possibility that pre-invasive malignancy in children may not resemble that in adults must be considered when assessing the malignant potential of cryptorchid testes on biopsies taken during orchidopexy.     

The amphicrine pancreatic cell line AR42J: a model system for combined studies on exocrine and endocrine secretion

Summary Secretory vesicles of both the exocrine and the endocrine pancreas have been isolated and characterized in molecular terms from pancreatic tissue and primary cell cultures. Studies on pancreatic secretory processes could be further facilitated by the use of permanent cell lines that respond to secretory stimuli with a regulated secretory response. We now present biochemical, morphological and secretory studies on the rat pancreatic acinar cell line AR42J. This cell line is characterized by the presence of digestive enzyme-containing dense core vesicles, which are released in response to cholecystokinin. In addition, we present evidence that these cells also contain small neuroendocrine-specific vesicles, as evidenced by the expression of the neuroendocrine-specific vesicle proteins synaptophysin and S.V.2. Corresponding to these mixed exocrine-neuroendocrine features, we also found considerable amounts of the neurotransmitters glycine, glutamine and gammaaminobutyric acid (GABA), as well as the rate-limiting enzyme in GABA synthesis, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) (EC 4.1.1.15) expressed in these cells. We demonstrated a specific uptake mechanism for radioactively-labelled GABA by these cells. In addition, GABA was released from intracellular storage pools by nicotinic receptor stimulation or membrane depolarization. In summary, AR42J cells represent the first amphicrine pancreatic cell line with the combined expression of exocrine and neuroendocrine secretory organelles, both of which follow a regulated secretory pathway in response to various secretory stimuli.Abbreviations DCV dense core vesicles - GABA gammaaminobutyric acid - SDS-PAGE sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis     

生长抑素受体亚型在人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE2中表达

背景与目的：生长抑素受体（somatostatin receptor SSTR）在许多肿瘤组织均有表达，为生长抑素类似物如奥曲肽用于这些肿瘤的治疗提供了生物学基础，但对生长抑素受体在鼻咽癌中表达情况的研究甚少。本研究旨在了解生长抑素受体基因在鼻咽癌细胞中的表达情况，为生长抑素类似物用于鼻咽癌治疗的进一步研究提供试验基础。方法：采用RT—PCR法和SP免疫组化法联合检测体外培养的人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE2的SSTRs表达，并对PCR mRNA产物测序以鉴定结果。结果：RT—PCR提示人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE2分别表达生长抑素受体亚型SSTR1、SSTR2、SSTR4；免疫组化结果：人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE2表达SSTR1、SSTR2A为强阳性（〉60％），表达SSTR4为弱阳性、SSTR2介于两者之间、SSTR3和SSTR5则无表达。结论：我们的研究证实人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE2有多种生长抑素受体亚型基因表达，且以表达SSTR1、SSTR2较多。     

Integrinα4在骨肉瘤中的表达与意义

Objective： To investigate the expression of integrin α4 in osteosaxcoma and significance. Methods- Forty-six patients with osteosarcoma （Enneking Ⅰ-Ⅲ） were analyzed for the expression of α4 integrin subunit using immunohistochemical method. Results： Twenty-nine （63.04%） of 46 samples demonstrated positive （＋-＋＋） integrin α4 expression. Loss expression of integrin α4 was observed in the patients with advanced Enneking stage （P=0.0040） and with metastatic disease at presentation （P=0.0158）. Integrin α4 expression correlated with cell differentiation, the level of malignancy and the invasive behavior of osteosaxcoma. Conclusion： The loss expression of integrin α4 subunit might be a predictor indicating the invasive potential of osteosarcoma and play a role in metastasis of osteosaxcoma patients.