基于自由形变的3D非线性医学图像配准

目的 针对北京大学医学物理和工程北京市重点实验室研发的小动物SPECT/CT成像仪,实现三维上的图像配准以校正成像间产生的组织运动伪影。方法 把被成像组织的运动用整体的仿射变换和局部的非线性变换两部分进行表达,并用基于体素的归一化互信息作为配准的相似性测度,建立综合图像相似性测度和空间变换函数平滑性要求的代价方程,用近似牛顿算法(LBFGS)在全空间搜索最优化变换参数使得代价方程取得极值,从而确定该相似性测度下的空间变换函数。结果 用模拟数据对该方法进行验证的结果表明,配准后图像间的相关系数值有所增加,误配基本被消除。结论 采用此方法能够较好地描述局部组织的非线性运动,消除呼吸运动伪影,实现三维图像的配准。     

李时珍“返观内视”新解

李时珍在《奇经八脉考》中对于反观内视的记载,没有进一步阐述,使后世学者对此有不同诠释。20世纪80年代以来,有学者提出反观内视是练气功诱导出的感知,也有认为反观内视是中医学方法论内容之一,但论述都不够充分,难以服人。根据传统文化对悟性和灵感的理解,以及脑科学与心理研究,人脑生理机能的重要内涵是内审思维,悟性和灵感是内审思维基础上产生的。反观内视与内审思维在实质上具有同一性,切不可将反观内视推向虚无缥缈的特异功能。     

类鼻疽肺炎29例护理研究

为研制类鼻疽肺炎的相似性编码和编码组合表,提高对该病的护理观察与护理诊断能力。根据细菌学、血清学诊断且胸部X线阳性病人的21项主要临床指征、实验数据,通过分组编码和概率分析,及对病人病情恶化进程的观察及护理。结果:类鼻疽肺炎病人有4组以上的编码机率大于0.500,革兰氏阳性球菌、病毒、支原体引起的肺炎也有3组以上的编码机率大于0.500。认为此编码对病原菌引起的肺炎,尤其对类鼻疽肺炎、肺炎链球菌肺炎、肺炎克雷伯氏菌肺炎和非典型性肺炎极易区别,且便于操作,适合临床医护人员应用。护理时应对病人可能引发病情恶化先兆的微小变化予以重视。     

Comparison of kinematic similarity index during gait between adults with and without nonspecific chronic neck pain

BackgroundIndividuals with nonspecific chronic neck pain (NP) walk with a stiffer spine. However, there is a lack of understanding on kinematic similarities on the limbs during gait between individuals with and without NP.Research questionAre there differences in gait parameters and the kinematic similarity index (SI) between individuals with and without NP?MethodsEighteen individuals with NP and 17 controls participated in this study. A three-dimensional motion capture system and two force plates were utilized to measure kinematic changes of the upper and lower limbs during gait. The gait parameters included cadence, speed, stride length, and step width. The SI calculations were compared based on the response vectors from the NP group and the prototype response vectors from the control participants. The SI values at 5% intervals of the entire gait cycle were compared between groups.ResultsAlthough the gait parameters were not significantly different between groups, the SI values of the control group were significantly higher than the NP group during gait (0.98 ± 0.02 vs. 0.95 ± 0.03), especially at the midstance (10–30 %) and swing (80–90 %) phases. Also, the standard deviation of the SI decreased in the control group when compared to the NP group (0.02 ± 0.01 vs. 0.04 ± 0.02).SignificanceThe SI was a useful measure to differentiate similarities between groups in the gait cycle at specific phases. These results indicated that the NP group demonstrated a greater variation of walking patterns during the midstance and swing phases and displayed altered compensatory gait. Clinicians need to consider the similarities of the kinematic changes for the NP group to aid in detection of limb motion differences and the resulting gait dysfunction.     

心脑疏通胶囊指纹图谱研究

目的:建立心脑疏通胶囊的HPLC指纹图谱。方法:Waters XSelect C18 (4. 6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-0. 1%磷酸溶液进行梯度洗脱,检测波长270nm,柱温25℃。以丹参酮ⅡA为参照,绘制10批心脑疏通胶囊指纹图谱,采用"中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(版本2004 A)"进行相似度评价。结果:10批样品相似度均在0. 95以上,确认共有峰20个,标示3个已知化合物(丹参酮ⅡA、隐丹参酮、丹参酮Ⅰ),方法学考察结果符合指纹图谱技术要求。结论:该方法具有良好的精密度、重复性、稳定性和专属性,可为该制剂的质量控制提供一定参考。