Foveal slope measurements in subjects with high-risk of age-related macular degeneration

Background:

Recent reports indicated that the slope of the foveal depression influences the macular pigment (MP) spatial profile. MP has been shown to confer possible protection against age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) because of its antioxidant properties.

Aims:

To study the configuration of foveal slope and the foveal thickness in fellow eyes of subjects with unilateral neovascular ARMD.

Settings and design:

Case-control series.

Materials and Methods:

The study population consisted of 30 cases aged >50, who had unilateral choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) or disciform scar in the fellow eye and 29 controls aged >50, who had no sign of ARMD in the either eye. Using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, foveal thickness at different locations including the central subfield foveal thickness (CSFT) was noted. The foveal slopes were calculated in the six radial scans (between 0.25° and 1° retinal eccentricity) as well as the 3D scan.

Results:

Cases had a significantly higher CSFT when compared to controls (215.1 ± 36.19 μ vs. 193.0 ± 17.38 μ, P = 0.004). On the 3D scan, the cases had shallower superior (cases 1.32 ± 0.32 vs. controls 1.45 ± 0.13, P = 0.04) and temporal slopes (cases 1.27 ± 0.21 vs. controls 1.39 ± 0.12, P = 0.01) in comparison to the controls.

Conclusions:

We noted a shallower superior and temporal foveal slope and a higher CSFT in the fellow eyes of subjects with a unilateral neovascular ARMD. Prospective studies observing the development of CNVM in subjects with altered foveal slope might provide more information on this optical coherence tomography finding.     

论洁净手术部建设

洁净手术部作为医院最重要的医疗场所之一,在医院建设过程中受到愈来愈多的重视。如何使其更好地服务于病患,服务于医者,需要医院的建设者有清晰的自身定位。文章从洁净手术部的布局、设置数量、净化级别、配置设备、材料选择与施工事宜、使用培训6个方面详细阐述了洁净手术部的建设要点。     

医学装备技术双向功能配置评估模式操作机制的探讨

功能是技术的基本表达形式。因此,医学装备技术的合理配置及其有效利用实质上也可认为是技术的功能配置优化及其利用效果、效益的体现。结合我国医疗卫生体系建设,在总结前期研究基础上进一步阐述医学装备技术功能配置评估的理论框架及其基本操作机制。     

应急医疗装备配置的特点与对策

医疗装备保障是突发卫生事件应急预案的关键内容。如何科学合理地做好战备和突发事件医疗卫生对装备和器材的储备和管理是部队和政府卫生部门一项必不可少的基础工作。根据应急医疗情况的特殊性,分析了应急医疗装备管理中存在的普遍性问题,重点对应急医疗装备的配置原则和管理要点进行了研讨,阐述了应急医疗装备配置对策,不仅满足了应急装备的储备要求,同时保证了在和平时期设备资源充分发挥效益,尤其重要的是保持了装备运行状态的良好及应用技术和操作使用的熟练,总结出了操作性强、管理效益显著、具有社会推广意义的应急医疗装备保障方法。     

护理管理与人才配置的调查分析

目的：为医院及病房护士人力配置提供依据。方法：对我院两个病区进行调查，采用观察法统计各病区每天护理工作总量，计算出每位病人每天所需的直接护理时间和间接护理时间。再根据护士配置公式，测算出不同病区床护比，并对数据进行统计分析。结果：两个病区直接护理时间比较差异有统计学意义，P〈0．05；间接护理时间比较差异无统计学意义。病床与护士比内科为1：0．55，外科为：1：0．45。结论：不同病区所需护士人数应根据护理工作量、床位使用率、实际床位数、床护比等综合因素来配置。     

17β-羟基-3-甲氧基雌甾-1,3,5(10),8-四烯-11-酮的14位差向异构体转化条件初探

目的：探讨17β-羟基－3－甲氧基雌甾－1，3，5（10），8－四烯－11－酮的14位差向异构体转化条件。方法：在不同酸性、碱性条件及不同温度下观察17β-羟基－3－甲氧基雌甾－1，3，5（10），8－四烯－11－酮的互变影响。结果：反应液酸碱性和反应温度与17β-羟基－3－甲氧基雌甾－1，3，5（10），8－四烯－11－酮互变有关。结论：在合成17β-羟基－3－甲氧基雌甾－1，3，5（10），8－四烯－11－酮中，应选择适当的反应条件，控制产物的异构化。     

2006-2011年江苏省卫生资源配置状况与公平性研究

目的：对江苏省2006-2011年主要卫生资源配置进行公平性分析。方法采用 Lorenz 曲线和 Gini 系数,从江苏省13个市的人口与地理分布角度,分析床位、卫生技术人员、执业（助理）医师、注册护士配置的公平性。结果2006-2011年主要卫生资源按人口分布的基尼系数为0.14～0.22,地理分布为0.257～0.300。结论江苏省医疗卫生资源配置公平性较好,按人口分布的公平性优于地理分布公平性,床位分布优于卫生人力资源分布。     

大型医用设备配置综合评价体系的构建

论述了构建大型医用设备配置综合评价体系的意义和原则,通过文献分析、德尔菲法、问卷调查等方法确定综合评价指标和相应的权重,并设计和制定大型医用设备配置综合评价体系,为医院大型医用设备的投资决策及引进后的经济管理提供科学的依据和指导方法.综合评价体系中的评价指标、指标权重等数据应在工作实践中持续地改进和完善.     

Exploring spatial working memory performance in individuals with Williams syndrome: The effect of presentation format and configuration

Williams syndrome (WS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with an impaired capacity for visuospatial representation. Individuals with WS have a specific weakness in spatial processing, while visual components are relatively well preserved. This dissociation is apparent in working memory function too. The present study aimed to further investigate spatial working memory performance in individuals with WS, analyzing whether their impaired WM performance regards both simultaneous and sequential spatial formats, and whether presenting configurations differently might reduce their difficulties. These issues were examined by administering simultaneous and sequential spatial tasks, in which the information to be recalled was presented in random or arranged configurations.Our results showed that individuals with WS performed less well than typically developing (TD) children in the spatial-simultaneous task, but not in the spatial-sequential one. The presence of a pattern enhanced the performance of both groups, but the difference between the two groups’ performance in the spatial simultaneous task remained, albeit to a lesser degree.     

河南省艾滋病高发区随访队伍配置现况调查

目的：评价河南省艾滋病高发县区艾滋病随访队伍人力资源配置现状,发现存在的问题,为HIV/AIDS防治队伍的合理配置及艾滋病防治体系建设提供科学依据。方法：对河南艾滋病高发区县疾控中心工作人员、艾滋病定点医院医务人员、乡镇卫生院责任医生、乡村医生等防治人员进行问卷调查。结果：HIV/AIDS随访人员年龄以30-49岁居多,占65．4％;学历以大专所占比例最高,占39．7％,高中及以下的仍有7．6％;职称以初级所占比例最高,为45．2％,无职称占17．8％;所学专业以临床医学最多,占59．6％;过去1年内92．9％参加过随访相关培训,7．1％没参加过培训。结论：艾滋病随访队伍仍需在学历、专业化方面进行改善。