Combined with ticagrelor, 50 mg aspirin daily can reduce bleeding events without increasing ischemic risk compared with 75–100 mg aspirin daily in coronary artery disease patients: insights from the TIFU (Ticagrelor in Fuwai Hospital) study

Abstract

Patients treated with ticagrelor and aspirin usually suffer from bleeding events, especially mild bleeding which is one of the main factors reducing patients’ adherence to ticagrelor. The objective of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor combined with a lower dose of aspirin (50 mg) than that recommended by guidelines (75–100 mg). In this study, we prospectively enrolled 1220 patients who take ticagrelor in the hospital. After excluding the patients who did not take ticagrelor after discharge or lost to follow-up, the remaining 1066 patients were divided into two aspirin dose groups: 75–100 mg (n = 744) and 50 mg (n = 322). The rates of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), bleeding events and ticagrelor adherence were compared between the two groups. MACEs risk was not significantly different between the two groups (OR = 0.563, 95% CI: 0.244–1.300, P = .179). However, 50 mg aspirin was associated with a lower risk of any Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleeding events (OR = 0.605, 95% CI: 0.399–0.713, P = .001), also lower BARC bleeding events (OR = 0.639, 95% CI: 0.468–0.872, P = .005). Moreover, lower-dose aspirin was associated with a lower rate of ticagrelor withdrawal (OR = 0.459, 95% CI: 0.279–0.754, P = .002), mainly because of the decrease in ticagrelor withdrawal due to bleeding (OR = 0.378, 95% CI: 0.156–0.916, P = .031). After propensity score matching (PSM), a total of 317 patients in each group were matched. The MACEs composite was not significantly different between the two matched groups and 50 mg aspirin was associated with a lower risk of bleeding events and low ticagrelor withdrawal before and after multivariate adjustment. In conclusion, among patients who took ticagrelor (90 mg twice daily), 50 mg aspirin daily is associated with a lower rate of bleeding events and ticagrelor withdrawal but does not increase the MACE risk compared with 75–100 mg aspirin daily.     

Derivation and Evaluation of the Ischemic Risk Model in High-Risk Chinese Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute Coronary Syndrome

Purpose

Coronary artery disease is the top cause of death among the Chinese population. With the establishment of a Chinese prediction model, it is urgent to assess factors related to the prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome at extremely high risk.

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors use in the setting of primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST elevation myocardial infarction in patients pre‐treated with newer P2Y12 inhibitors

ObjectivesWe sought to investigate the safety and potential benefit of administrating glycoprotein IIb‐IIIa inhibitors (GPIs) on top of more potent P2Y12 inhibitors.BackgroundA number of clinical trials, performed at a time when pretreatment and potent platelet inhibition was not part of routine clinical practice, have documented clinical benefits of GPI in ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients at the cost of a higher risk of bleeding.MethodsWe used the data of a prospective, ongoing registry of patients admitted for STEMI in our center. For the purpose of this study only patients presenting for primary percutaneous coronary intervention and pretreated with new P2Y12 inhibitors (prasugrel or ticagrelor) were included. We compared patients who received GPI with those who did not.ResultsEight hundred twenty‐four STEMI patients were included in our registry; GPIs were used in 338 patients (41%). GPI patients presented more often with cardiogenic shock and Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade <3. GPI use was not associated with an increase in in‐hospital or 3‐month mortality. Bleeding endpoints were similar in both groups.ConclusionsOur study suggests that GPI may be used safely in combination with recent P2Y12 inhibitors in STEMI patients in association with modern primary percutaneous coronary intervention strategies (radial access and anticoagulation with enoxaparin) with similar bleeding and mortality rates at hospital discharge and 3‐month follow‐up.     

急性冠脉综合征PCI术后患者双联抗血小板治疗相关不良反应特点及危险因素分析

目的 探讨急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）后服用替格瑞洛和阿司匹林双联抗血小板治疗出现不良反应的特点及危险因素。方法 前瞻性纳入2018年3月—2018年6月郑州市第七人民医院收治的PCI术后服用替格瑞洛和阿司匹林的ACS患者100例,采用VerifyNow-P2Y12系统检测患者血小板反应性并随访6个月,根据是否发生相关不良反应分为对照组和不良反应组,收集对比两组患者临床基线资料,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析出血和呼吸困难的危险因素。结果 纳入研究的患者未出现不良反应的40例纳入对照组,出现不良反应的60例纳入不良反应组,双联抗血小板治疗相关不良反应发生率60.0%,84例（84.0%）患者存在低血小板反应性。两组患者在年龄、性别、合并疾病、血小板反应性等方面差异不具有统计学意义（P＞0.05）,不良反应组吸烟患者占比明显高于对照组（51.7%vs27.5%,P=0.016）。不良反应主要临床表现为皮肤黏膜出血和轻中度呼吸困难,用药后1个月内出血和呼吸困难发生率显著高于用药后2～6个月（出血发生率：38.0%vs1.0%,P＜0.001;呼吸困难发生率：32.0%vs8.0%,P＜0.001）。多因素Logisitc回归分析显示老年、女性和贫血是双联抗血小板治疗相关出血的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）,吸烟和出血事件是双联抗血小板治疗相关呼吸困难的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论 ACS患者PCI术后双联抗血小板治疗早期出血和呼吸困难发生率高但程度较轻,对于合并危险因素的患者应提前评估、加强监测,最大限度地降低药品不良反应的发生。