多发孤立性浆细胞瘤伴维生素D缺乏

多发孤立性浆细胞瘤(MSP)发病率低,相关报道罕见。本文报道1例63岁女性患者,右下肢针刺样疼痛2月余,伴麻木、乏力。实验室检查提示高甲状旁腺激素血症,血清骨源性碱性磷酸酶升高,维生素D缺乏。神经肌电图显示右下肢神经源性损害。骶椎、骨盆CT增强提示骶1椎体右侧见软组织团片灶,呈膨胀性骨质破坏,骨皮质破裂。18 F-FDF PET/CT显示胸骨、胸、腰椎椎体、左侧髂骨及右侧骶骨骨质破坏影。CT引导下经皮穿刺活检免疫组化显示浆细胞骨髓瘤、CD138(+)、MUM-1(+)、Lambda(+)。结合骨髓涂片等结果该病例诊断为多发孤立性浆细胞瘤。     

Nummular headache in a patient with ipsilateral occipital neuralgia—A case report

Nummular headache (NH) is a rarely recognized primary headache, the diagnostic criteria of which are contained in the appendix to the 2nd edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (code A13.7.1).We present the case of a 61-year-old female who suffers, regardless of NH, from right-sided occipital neuralgia. The applied treatment – gabapentin and mianserin – had no effect. Injection of bupivacaine twice to the right occipital region resulted in neuralgia resolution up to three months, with no effect on NH.This confirms the independence of two abovementioned head pain conditions.     

射频温控热凝术治疗原发性三叉神经痛648例临床分析

目的:总结射频温控热凝术治疗648例原发性三叉神经痛患者的疗效和体会,探讨射频温控热凝术的方法、技巧和手术并发症的处理。方法:对2001年7月—2011年3月在我院分别采用眶下孔入路法、侧入路法、前入路法和其他入路进行射频治疗的648例原发性三叉神经痛患者临床疗效进行分析。结果:648例原发性三叉神经痛患者接受射频治疗,首次止痛率分别为眶下孔法98.3%、侧路法91.0%、前路法95.5%,首次射频治疗总有效率为96.0%,经6个月～2 a随访到的395例患者中,1年内复发率为9.6%,2年内复发率为20.5%,经再次射频治疗或手术治疗均获得完全止痛。结论:射频治疗原发性三叉神经痛疗效可靠,操作简便、适应证广、并发症较少,CT定位能提高穿刺精确度,减少并发症。     

MRTA对三叉神经痛患者微血管减压术后疗效的预测

目的:评价磁共振体层血管成像(MRTA)对预测三叉神经痛患者微血管减压术(MVD)后疗效的价值.方法:277例行MVD的三叉神经痛患者手术前、后接受MRTA检查,由2名影像医师分别读取术前及术后NVC分级,术后疗效分为优、良和差3组,采用SPSS 13.0软件包中的x2检验确定术前NVC的压迫程度、术后NVC压迫程度和术后NVC的缓解度在3组的分布有无差异.结果:250例(90.2％)病例术后2年疗效为优,18例(6.5％)为良,8例(2.9％)为差,1例(04％)因术后颅内出血死亡.术前不同NVC分级的病例,术后疗效无显著差异(x2=5.542,P=-0.476);术后不同NVC分级(x2=18.693,P＜0.05)和不同NVC缓解度(x2=11.484,P＜0.05)的病例,术后疗效有显著差异.结论:MVD术后行MRTA检查,是预测术后疗效较为有效的方法之一,术后NVC分级越大和NVC缓解度越小的病例,MVD术后疼痛缓解不佳的可能性越高.     

P2Y受体与三叉神经痛之间的关系

腺苷三磷酸(ATP)作为一种重要的神经递质具有广泛的生物学效应。多种伤害性刺激均可引起三叉神经节(TG)神经元释放ATP,ATP激活P2受体可引起疼痛。P2受体又分为P2X和P2Y两类。在受损的TG神经元上,P2Y受体的表达明显增多。本文就ATP与P2Y受体表达间的相关性、P2Y受体在TG中的信号转导机制、P2Y受体对神经损伤性痛觉信号的转导作用等研究进展作一综述。     

神经导航引导经皮穿刺三叉神经半月节射频热凝治疗三叉神经痛的研究

目的 探讨神经导航引导下经皮穿刺三叉神经半月节射频热凝术在治疗三叉神经痛中的应用.方法 选取我科神经导航引导下经皮穿刺三叉神经半月节射频热凝治疗的156例患者资料.所有患者术前均经头部3D-CT薄层连续平扫,并将影像资料导入SteahhStation Tria Plus手术导航系统,图像经三维重建后,确认患侧卵圆孔作为靶点,在导航实时引导下进行卵圆孔穿刺,并行电生理测试,再次确认靶点的位置无误后,进行射频热凝治疗.结果 所有患者顺利穿刺成功,射频热凝术后,患者原有的面部疼痛均明显缓解或消失,术前患者VAS评分为9.67±0.47,术后VAS评分为0.22±0.57,差异有明显的统计学意义,且所有患者术后均无严重并发症.结论 神经导航引导下经皮穿刺三叉神经半月节射频热凝术是一种微创,安全和疗效显著的三叉神经痛外科治疗手段.     

Pulsed Radiofrequency Neuromodulation for the Treatment of Saphenous Neuralgia

A 65-year-old male presented with pain in his right medial calf. An imaging study revealed no acute lesions, and a diagnosis of saphenous neuralgia was made by a nerve conduction study. He received temporary pain relief with saphenous nerve blocks twice in a one-week interval. Pulsed radiofrequency neuromodulation reduced pain to 10% of the maximal pain intensity. At 6 months after the procedure, the pain intensity was not aggravated even without medication. Pulsed radiofrequency neuromodulation of the saphenous nerve may offer an effective and minimally invasive treatment for patients with saphenous neuralgia who are refractory to conservative management.     

神经导航下经皮选择性半月神经节内靶点射频术治疗三叉神经痛的效果

目的 评价神经导航下经皮选择性半月神经节内靶点射频术治疗三叉神经痛的效果.方法 原发性三叉神经痛患者147例,性别不限,年龄32～99岁,VAS评分＞8分.采用随机数字表法,将患者分为2组:C型臂组(C组,n =72)和神经导航组(N组,n=75).C组采用Hartel前入路穿刺法,C型臂引导下以卵圆孔为靶点进行穿刺;N组将头颅MRI影像传输至StealthStation手术导航系统进行重建,在半月神经节内确定靶点位置后设计穿刺径路和穿刺点.记录穿刺成功情况和穿刺及射频术相关不良事件发生情况.分别于术后1d、7d、1个月、6个月、12个月、24个月记录VAS评分,并根据VAS评分评价镇痛效果,术后1、24个月根据Barrow神经研究所评分系统评价治疗效果.结果 N组无一例患者发生穿刺相关不良事件及动眼神经损伤和耳鸣.与C组比较,N组首次手术穿刺成功率升高,术后不同时点镇痛有效率升高,治疗效果较好(P＜0.05),神经定位时间和面部麻木发生率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 神经导航下经皮选择性半月神经节内靶点射频术治疗三叉神经痛的治疗效果好,复发率低,穿刺成功机率高,且并发症少.     

Neuroendoscopy in microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm: Technical note

Abstract

Miocrovascular decompression is an effective treatment for trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and hemifacial spasm (HFS). A complete cure cannot be obtained, and additional adjuncts for extended use of endoscopy are needed. The use of an endoscope combined with the operating microscope can enhance the surgeon’s ability to view deep structures during operation. We study the application of combined microsurgical and endoscopic techniques in 21 cases of HFS and 12 cases of TN. With these techniques the surgeon can explore the ventral aspect of the brainstem and cranial nerves without further retraction, can see the groove caused by compression of the offending artery, and can confirm the proper position of the prosthesis after attachment to the dura by fibrin glue. In HFS the most common offending vessels in 75% of cases were the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) and anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) and in 25% of cases the vertebral artery (VA). In trigeminal neuralgia the offending vessel in 60% of cases was the superior cerebellar artery (SCA), and in 40% of cases the AICA. The overall success rate was 97% with minimal morbidity 3% (facial palsy) and no mortality. The aim of this work is to study advantages and disadvantages of using endoscopy during microvascular decompression for TN and HFS. [Neural Res 2000; 22: 522-526]