舒肤特治疗痤疮疗效观察

目的　探讨舒肤特对座疮的治疗作用。　方法　病人随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组 45例 ,男 2 8例 ,女 17例 ;对照组 45例 ,男 2 5例 ,女 2 0例。年龄 14～ 42岁 ,平均 2 4岁。病程 2周～ 6年。治疗组用舒肤特 ,对照组用2 5 %氯霉素酊 ,每日 2次 ,4～ 8周为 1疗程。每周复诊 1次。　结果　治疗组痊愈率 3 7 8% ,总有效率 84 5 % ,对照组痊愈率 17 8% ,总有效率 62 2 % ,治疗组痊愈率优于对照组 ( χ2 =10 0 2 ,P <0 0 1) ,两组总有效率差异有显著性 ( χ2=11 42 8,P <0 0 1) ,　结论　舒肤特是中西药复方制剂 ,其用于治疗痤疮效果较好 ,无明显副作用。     

USEFULNESS OF EUS IN PORTAL HYPERTENSION WITH ESOPHAGEAL VARICES

We investigated the relationship between esophageal varices and the collaterals by endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasound (20 MHz ultrasonic miniprobe; UMP). Moreover, we investigated the correlation between the collaterals around the esophagus and recurrence of esophageal varices in patients with portal hypertension who had undergone EIS. The collaterals were divided into two groups: peri‐esophageal collateral veins (peri‐ECVs) and para‐esophageal collateral veins (para‐ECVs). These were scored as mild or severe according to the stage of development. According to endoscopy, the varix form was significantly larger in severe the peri‐ECVs group than in mild the peri‐ECVs group. The prevalence of perforating veins increased according to the varix form. With regard to variceal recurrence, in patients with variceal recurrences, UMP findings included a significantly higher incidence of severe peri‐ECVs, a significantly larger diameter of perforating veins compared with patients without recurrence. In conclusion, the presence of severe peri‐ECVs and large perforating veins in the esophageal wall strongly correlates with occurrence and recurrence of esophageal varices in patients with portal hypertension. An understanding of these UMP abnormalities on the basis of hemodynamics around the esophagus is thought to be important for management of esophageal varices in patients with portal hypertension.     

ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND GUIDED TRUCUT BIOPSY

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is sensitive for staging gastrointestinal malignancies and pancreatic lesions. EUS‐fine‐needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) offers a diagnostic accuracy of about 60–90% for pancreatic tumors and > 90% for lymph nodes. There are several limitations of EUS‐FNA including the need for on‐site cytopathology review. In addition, accuracy of cytologic review is hampered by the presence of blood, benign epithelial cells, desmoplasia, and well‐differentiated tumors. Furthermore, the small biopsy sample and destruction of tissue architecture limits the diagnostic sensitivity for GISTs and lymphomas. Many of these problems can be overcome with use of EUS trucut biopsy (TCB) needles. These large caliber, cutting needles acquire larger tissue samples allowing preservation of tissue architecture and histologic examination. Our recently described experience with EUS‐TCB initially in swine and later humans demonstrated the safety for acquiring histologic tissue representative of the target organs sampled enabling accurate diagnosis. These studies suggested greater diagnostic accuracy of EUS‐TCB for submucosal mass lesions and lymphoma and potentially the need for fewer needle passes for solid pancreatic neoplasms. In this paper we will review the current TCB literature, device design and technique, help troubleshoot potential problems, and offer opinion as to the utility and role of this new device.     

Oddi括约肌狭窄的诊治体会

目的 探讨Oddi括约肌狭窄的诊断及治疗方法.方法 对1990年至2005年间45例Oddi括约肌狭窄的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 45例中有27例术前进行过磁共振胆胰管造影（MRCP）检查,8例获得诊断;25例切开十二指肠行括约肌成形术,术后病理证实为Oddi括约肌狭窄;20例经ERCP确诊,并行内镜括约肌切开术.因MRCP的广泛使用,2000年后Oddi括约肌狭窄的术前诊断率明显提高,2000年前为2/27,2000年后为6/18（χ2=4.79,P＜0.05）.内镜括约肌切开术术后胰腺炎发生率为3/20,经十二指肠Oddi括约肌成形术术后胰腺炎发生率为4/25（χ2=0.01,P＞0.9）.结论 MRCP是诊断Oddi括约肌狭窄理想的非损伤性检查;内镜括约肌切开术是治疗Oddi括约肌狭窄的有效方法.     

INDICATIONS FOR ENDOSCOPIC MUCOSAL RESECTION FOR EARLY COLORECTAL CANCER: SHOULD THEY BE STRICT OR SHOULD THEY BE EXPANDED?

Endoscopic technologies have been developed greatly. As for early gastric cancer, the indications for endoscopic mucosal resection for early colorectal cancer have been widened recently. Technological advances can support wider and deeper resections using endoscopy but the remaining problem for the endoscopic management of cancer is lymph node metastasis. I discuss here the indication for endoscopic mucosal resection for early colorectal cancer to bring into focus the risk factors for metastasis to lymph nodes.     

EFFECTIVENESS OF CYTODIAGNOSIS WITH PANCREATIC DUCT LAVAGE FLUID FOR PANCREATIC DUCTAL CARCINOMA: NEW SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

Background: Pancreatic carcinoma is one of the most lethal cancers. Because pancreatic carcinoma is still very difficult to diagnose in its early stage, many of these patients will be considered unsuitable for surgery. If a cytological diagnosis is obtained at initial endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), suitable treatment will be initiated without delay. Methods: To increase the number of exfoliated cells from the pancreatic duct, we devised a new technique, pancreatic duct lavage fluid (PDLF), following bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The present paper reports the effectiveness of cytological examination using PDLF in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. We examined 18 pancreatic carcinoma cases. After the endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP), PDLF was collected from a double‐lumen catheter inserted into the main pancreatic duct. Saline injected from the lumen for the injection, and PDLF was aspirated from the other lumen for the guidewire at the same time. The cytological examination was performed using PDLF. Results: Exfoliated cells were more frequently found in PDLF from all patients. In 15 cases (83%), cytological examination of PDLF revealed positive cytological results as the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. Conclusion: Cytological examination using PDLF has a high sensitivity for detection of pancreatic carcinoma. The new examination, PDLF, is simple, safe and effective, so we expect PDLF to become widely popular.     

电针足三里穴对人体幽门运动功能影响的研究

应用内镜测压术,检测电针足三里穴前后部分健康成人和胃、十二指肠疾病患者幽门括约肌压力参数变化。结果表明:电针足三里穴对幽门括约肌压力波参数的影响主要表现为升高低振幅波和降低高振幅波,与电针非经穴点的单纯抑制效应有显著区别。提示电针足三里穴有兴奋和抑制幽门括约肌功能的双相调节效应。     

PERCUTANEOUS LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY: INDICATIONS,CONTRAINDICATIONS AND COMPLICATIONS

The indications, contraindications and complications of percutaneous laparoscopic cholecystectomy (PLC) were established from a group of 308 patients referred for cholecystectomy. Of the 308 patients 86% underwent PLC, 5% were commenced laparoscopically, but converted to open cholecystectomy and 9% were performed as open cholecystectomy from the outset. Complications included two bile leaks from the gall-bladder bed, one cystic duct stump leak and three retained stones. Pre-operative rather than intra-operative duct imaging was used so that common duct stones could be removed before operation. PLC is a safe procedure that has now become the standard technique for cholecystectomy.     

Fluid-fluid levels in cavernous hemangioma of soft tissue

Five cases of cavernous hemangioma with fluid-fluid levels on magnetic resonance imaging and/or computed tomography are reported. The signal characteristics were those of blood and histological analysis of the fluid-fluid levels showed that they were blood-filled cavities in the tumor. Although this finding itself is not specific, it may help in confirming the diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma.     

鼻内窥镜诊治脑脊液漏的临床研究

目的 探讨鼻内窥镜手术治疗脑脊液鼻漏临床相关因素。方法 对17例（19漏）内窥镜下修补脑脊液鼻漏患者的临床资料作回顾性分析。结果 脑脊液鼻漏17例中，外伤性15例，自发性2例，内窥镜下瘘口修补术一次性治愈15例，成功率88.2%，失败2例，再次修补成功，其中1例颅内高压术后腰穿持续引流减压。结论 内窥镜手术修补脑脊液鼻漏准确、微创；冠位CT薄层扫描对术前瘘口解剖定位有重要意义；影响手术效果的因素与修补材料的固定有关，与修补材料本身无明显关系；术后适当腰穿引流对于临床提示颅内压高、修补区薄弱病例仍需采用。