A mature cystic teratoma in pineal region mimicking parietal encephalocele in a newborn

Objective Teratoma is the most frequently encountered intracranial tumor at birth and constitutes 18–20% of all germ cell tumors. They are usually located in pineal and suprasellar regions. The authors aim to report an extremely unusual presentation, location, and appearance of a teratoma in a newborn. Case report A soft tissue swelling in the vertex was detected in a 1-month-old girl. Neurological examination was normal. A big, cystic–solid lesion beginning from pineal region and extending to the scalp was detected in magnetic resonance imaging. It is interesting to note that cerebral venous angiography showed that the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) was divided into three branches at the level of the lesion and they joined together distally. The tumor was excised totally. Histopathological examination revealed the diagnosis of a mature cystic teratoma. Conclusion A mature cystic teratoma mimicking parietal encephalocele is extremely rare. Germ cell tumors should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of all midline lesions with unusual radiographic appearance. Cerebral venous angiography or MR angiography must be performed for the diagnosis and the surgical planning in lesions located near SSS.     

大鼠肝癌发生发展过程中肝组织增殖细胞核抗原动态演变规律

目的研究原发性肝细胞癌发生、发展过程中肝组织增殖细胞核抗原(proliferatingcellnuclearanti-gen,PCNA)的动态演变规律。方法将60只SD大鼠按随机数字表法随机分为对照组(20只)和实验组(40只)。用化学致癌剂3,3′-二氨基联苯胺(3,3′-diaminobenzidine,DAB)诱发SD大鼠肝癌,采用免疫组织化学方法连续监测各时相肝组织中PCNA的表达,光镜下观察肝组织的病理变化。结果本实验的诱癌过程可分为炎性变期、增生纤维化期和癌变期3个阶段;PCNA的表达最早出现于炎性变早期汇管区的卵圆细胞中,并在汇管区呈区域性过表达分布;炎性变中期,PCNA表达阳性率达高峰,随后下降,在癌变期又升高,在整个病理演变过程中其表达具波动性。结论在致癌因素的存在下,PCNA首先表达于卵圆细胞;PCNA表达的动态演变对肝癌的发生有一定的预警作用。     

维A酸对T淋巴细胞作用的研究进展

维A酸类药物广泛用于治疗各类皮肤病，且其适应证还在不断扩大。近年来越来越多的证据表明，维A酸具有免疫调节作用。首先，维A酸与皮肤免疫有密不可分的联系，其次，维A酸对机体T淋巴细胞的增殖、凋亡、趋化以及Th1／Th2细胞的极化都产生明显及确实的作用，但是维A酸发挥药理学作用涉及的蛋白调控、细胞因子分泌及信号传导的精确机制目前尚不清楚。     

重组腺病毒介导SOX-9基因对颈椎关节突软骨细胞凋亡的影响

目的 探讨重组腺病毒介导的人SOX-9(AdSOX-9)对人的颈椎关节突关节软骨细胞凋亡细胞数目及Caspase-3基因表达的作用及相关意义,更好理解颈椎软骨退变的发生机制.方法 应用AdSOX-9按照不同浓度及作用时间处理体外培养软骨细胞,应用TdT介导dUTP-生物缺口末端标记方法(TUNEL)及免疫染色方法观察凋亡细胞数量及Caspase-3基因表达变化情况.结果 25MOI、50MOI剂量作用组TUNEL阳性细胞较空白对照组均明显增加;AdSOX-9转染软骨细胞预处理后,空白对照组、25MOI作用组、50MOI三种处理组Caspase-3表达均明显增加,各时点较空白对照组比较,存在显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论 SOX-9基因对软骨凋亡细胞数目、Caspase-3凋亡基因的影响,存在时间-剂量依赖关系,为软骨细胞退变发病机制研究提出新的思考.     

大鼠肝脏Kupffer细胞的分离、纯化

目的建立简单、有效而稳定的大鼠肝脏Kupffer细胞分离、纯化的实验方法。方法①大鼠肝脏的胶原酶离体灌注；②Percoll液不连续梯度离心分离Kupffer细胞；③选择性贴壁纯化Kupffer细胞；④吞噬墨汁实验、DAB染色，光镜、电镜下观察鉴定Kupffer细胞。结果最终获得的大鼠肝脏Kupffer细胞活性〉90％，纯度为95％，光镜下Kupffer细胞具有较强的贴壁及吞噬碳粒能力，DAB染色呈黄色煎蛋样结构；新分离的Kupffer细胞呈圆形，形态大小一致；2d后，细胞发生伸展，呈多角形或星形。电镜下观察可见典型特点：有伪足及杯口状改变，有丰富的溶酶体和吞噬体。结论本实验建立的大鼠肝脏Kupffer细胞的分离培养方法效果稳定，同时培养的细胞具有良好的生物学性状。     

Following Anti-CD25 Treatment, A Functional CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T-Cell Pool Is Present in Renal Transplant Recipients

Daclizumab, a humanized antibody directed against the alpha-chain of the interleukin-2 receptor (CD25), has shown efficacy in the prevention of acute rejection following organ transplantation. However, anti-CD25 therapy can be expected to affect not only alloreactive effector T cells, but also CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells that are shown to play an important role in the induction of transplantation tolerance. Therefore, the size and function of the Treg pool in human renal allograft recipients after single-dose daclizumab administration was investigated in this study. Approximately 8 weeks after administration, daclizumab was cleared from the circulation and the Treg population then present appeared not different from that observed before transplantation. Functional analysis revealed that the Treg possessed a normal capacity to suppress mixed lymphocyte reactions in vitro. These data indicate that after daclizumab therapy a Treg population, normal in number and function, is present in the peripheral blood of renal transplant recipients.     

神经干细胞-脑源性神经营养因子基因工程细胞移植对大鼠缺血性脑损伤的治疗作用

目的 将脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)基因转入大鼠海马原代培养的神经干细胞(NSCs)中,获得NSCs-BDNF基因工程干细胞并移植治疗大鼠缺血性脑损伤.方法 分离培养新生大鼠海马区NSCs,检测其增殖、分化等特性;构建逆转录病毒载体pLXSN-BDNF,转染NSCs,获得NSCs-BDNF基因工程干细胞,检测其BDNF的表达和活性;建立大鼠大脑中动脉局灶性脑缺血模型,通过立体定向技术将NSCs-BDNF移植入模型缺血侧海马,进行组织学和行为学检测.结果 NSCs-BDNF移植后可以观察到动物行为学的改善,术后4周Longa评分1.343±0.293,脑切片可以观察到海马齿状回神经元数目的增加,术后4周存活率87.5%±6.6%,较对照有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 NSCs-BDNF移植对实验性大鼠缺血性脑损伤有修复作用.     

庆大霉素损伤后豚鼠前庭上皮STAT3mRNA的表达变化及意义

目的：观察庆大霉素损伤后豚鼠前庭上皮修复期细胞增殖和STAT3 mRNA的表达变化情况，探讨其生物学特性和意义。方法：采用原位杂交组织化学方法，检测庆大霉素损伤后豚鼠前庭上皮STAT3 mRNA的表达变化；采用Brdu体内标记和抗Brdu抗体免疫组化染色，检测庆大霉素损伤后豚鼠前庭上皮修复期细胞增殖情况。结果：在正常成年豚鼠前庭上皮中，STAT3 mRNA有低水平表达。庆大霉素损伤后1d组，STAT3 mRNA杂交信号最强，其后逐渐减少，21d组与正常对照组无显著差异。在正常对照组前庭上皮中无Brdu阳性细胞。各实验组均观察到Brdu阳性细胞，7d组最多。结论：庆大霉素损伤后，豚鼠前庭上皮钉AT3 mRNA表达增强，其时程变化与细胞增殖活动密切相关。STAT3在豚鼠前庭上皮损伤后的自发修复中可能起重要信号转导作用。     

肺鳞状细胞癌81例临床分析

目的 分析81例肺鳞状细胞癌（鳞癌）临床特征，提高早期诊治率。方法 回顾性分析81例肺鳞癌诊断、手术、治疗及随访资料。结果 患者平均年龄62岁，男：女为2．2：1，有吸烟史76例（93．8％），平均26年，全组均有呼吸道症状，合并全身症状14．8％（12例）。确诊时间2～7个月。手术切除病肺63例（77．8％），术后放、化疗。未能切除18例中10例放、化疗。随访中位数5年以上。80例得到随访，1、3、5年生存率为90％（72例）、65％（52例）、47．5％（38例）。结论 肺鳞癌以老年男性多见，易误诊，手术切除率低，早期手术5年生存率高。     

Influence of impaired T- and B-cell compartments on efficacy of IVIg in dysimmune neuropathies

Autoimmune mechanisms are postulated to play a role in the development and progression of dysimmune neuropathies (DN). We investigated the relation between lymphocyte number and marker expression, and disease activity in 20 patients with DN under intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) treatment. B- and T-lymphocyte markers were studied by flow cytometry of the expression of CD5, CD25, CD23 and CD38 markers on B cells and of CD3, CD4 and CD8 markers, respectively. These parameters were compared with those obtained from matched healthy volunteers. The proportions of CD38+ B cells were higher in patients compared with those of controls. Proportions of activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were comparable in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients and controls, but a significant reduction of the absolute numbers of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells were observed in DN patients. The percentages of CD25+ memory T cells were instead significantly increased in DN patients. Lastly, T-cell reduction and the CD19/CD38 ratio over total B (CD19+) cells directly correlated with a poor response to IVIg therapy. In DN, whereas T-cell number is reduced, activated T and B cells are increased, thus suggesting an intrinsic defect of the immune response.