Screening for cardiovascular risk factors in a dental setting

BACKGROUND: The authors assessed the utilization of oral health care professionals (OHCPs) as a resource for identifying patients who were unaware of their increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS: OHCPs administered a CVD risk-screening questionnaire, measured blood pressure and tested cholesterol levels, high-density lipoprotein levels and hemoglobin A1c (HgA1c) levels using "finger-stick" blood testing in 100 patients treated in a dental school clinic who were unaware of their CVD risk status. The authors determined the prevalence of specific risk factors (that is, smoking and abnormal levels of systolic blood pressure, lipids, body mass index and HgA1c) and calculated Framingham 10-year coronary heart disease (CHD) risk scores. RESULTS: Seventeen percent of the 100 patients (35 percent of men, 5 percent of women) had an increased global risk of experiencing a CHD event within 10 years (Framingham risk score>10 percent). Seventy-three percent of participants had one or more risk factors and 31 percent had two or more risk factors present. More men than women had low levels of high-density lipoprotein (45 percent [18/40] of men versus 3.3 percent [2/60] of women; P<.0001). The mean Framingham CHD risk score increased with increasing risk factor burden. CONCLUSIONS: OHCPs identified patients with an increased CHD risk who could benefit from primary prevention activities. A substantial proportion of study patients who were unaware of their risk status were at an increased risk of experiencing a CHD event within 10 years. OHCPs could contribute to public health CHD control efforts.     

Oral health literacy among adult patients seeking dental care

BACKGROUND: This study examined the association of knowledge, dental care visits and oral health status with oral health literacy in dental patients. METHODS: The authors administered to adult patients in two private dental offices the short version of the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry-30 (REALD-30), a word-recognition test. An interview provided primary predictor variables for REALD-30 and variables that would serve as controls in multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: About 29 percent of the sample scored below 22 on the 30-point test, a score that the authors defined as a low literacy level. Those with incorrect knowledge (odds ratio [OR] = 5.98; P < .01) and fair-to-poor oral health status (OR = 3.08; P = .06) were more likely to have a low literacy level than were their reference groups. Not having had a dental care visit in the last year was not associated with literacy (OR = 2.26; P = .17). A change from an unfavorable to favorable category for the primary predictor variables would decrease the probability of having a low literacy level by 35 to 61 percent. CONCLUSIONS: A significant number of patients may have a low level of oral health literacy, which possibly interferes with their ability to process and understand oral health information. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Providers should identify patients who are having difficulty understanding and using dental health information and address their needs.     

空肠Dieulafoy病致消化道出血一例报道并文献复习

Dieulafoy病是由于胃肠道供血动脉分支在进入黏膜后未形成毛细血管,而保持恒定管径,在高压力血流的冲击下血管受到损伤造成的疾病。Dieulafoy病是一种少见的血管畸形,主要发生在胃部,可引起消化道尤其是上消化道出血。小肠部位的Dieulafoy病非常罕见,鲜有报道。本研究报道1例经单气囊小肠镜（SBE）诊断为空肠Dieulafoy溃疡的诊治过程并进行文献复习,以期为临床医生诊治不明原因所致的消化道出血提供参考。     

口腔黏膜移植术联合翼状胬肉切除术治疗翼状胬肉患者的效果

目的:观察口腔黏膜移植术联合翼状胬肉切除术治疗翼状胬肉患者的效果。方法:选取60例翼状胬肉患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各30例。对照组采用翼状胬肉切除术治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合口腔黏膜移植术治疗,比较两组手术前后视力指标[裸眼视力(UCVA)、角膜屈光度]水平、术后1年复发率和术后1个月并发症发生率。结果:术后3个月,两组UCVA水平均高于术前,且观察组高于对照组;两组角膜屈光度均低于术前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后1年,观察组复发率为6.67%(2/30),低于对照组的26.67%(8/30),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组术后1个月并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:口腔黏膜移植术联合翼状胬肉切除术治疗翼状胬肉患者可改善视力指标水平,降低复发率,效果优于单纯翼状胬肉切除术治疗。     

橄榄苦苷通过circMBOAT2/miR-106a-5p信号通路调控口腔鳞癌细胞CAL27增殖和凋亡的机制

探讨橄榄苦苷对circMBOAT2/miR-106a-5p 信号通路的调控作用及其对口腔鳞癌细胞CAL27增殖和凋亡的影响。方法 应用实时定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）检测circMBOAT2和miR-106a-5p在口腔鳞癌组织和癌旁组织中的表达水平。将口腔鳞癌细胞CAL27分为橄榄苦苷（0、200、400、800 μg/mL）组、si-NC组、si-circMBOAT2组、橄榄苦苷800μg/mL+pcDNA-circMBOAT2组。采用RT-qPCR检测各组细胞中circMBOAT2和miR-106a-5p的表达水平,检测并验证circMBOAT2与口腔鳞癌的相关性。应用CCK-8法、集落形成实验、流式细胞术测定CAL27细胞的增殖活力、集落形成能力和凋亡率。应用双荧光素酶实验确定 circMBOAT2和miR-106a-5p靶向关系。结果 口腔鳞癌组织中circMBOAT2表达显著高于癌旁组织（P＜0.05）,miR-106a-5p表达显著低于癌旁组织（P＜0.05）。与橄榄苦苷0μg/mL组比较,橄榄苦苷（200、400、800 μg/mL）组CAL27细胞集落形成数、circMBOAT2水平显著降低（P＜0.05）,抑制率、凋亡率、miR-106a-5p水平显著升高（P＜0.05）。与si-NC组比较,si-circMBOAT2组CAL27细胞集落形成数显著降低（P＜0.05）,抑制率、凋亡率、miR-106a-5p水平显著升高（P＜0.05）。circMBOAT2与miR-106a-5p直接特异性结合。与橄榄苦苷800 μg/mL组比较,橄榄苦苷800μg/mL+pcDNA-circMBOAT2组CAL27细胞集落形成数显著升高（P＜0.05）,抑制率、凋亡率显著降低（P＜0.05）。结论 橄榄苦苷通过下调circMBOAT2/miR-106a-5p通路可抑制口腔鳞癌细胞CAL27增殖,诱导细胞凋亡。     

口服补铁联合罗沙司他治疗尿毒症血液透析患者肾性贫血的效果及对不良反应的影响

目的探究口服补铁联合罗沙司他治疗尿毒症血液透析患者肾性贫血的效果及对不良反应的影响。方法选取本院2019年1月至2020年3月收治的尿毒症血液透析患者97例,根据随机分组法分为观察组(n=49)和对照组(n=48)。对照组口服补铁剂硫酸亚铁片治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用罗沙司他胶囊治疗,比较两组血常规指标[红细胞压积(Hct)、血红蛋白(Hb)、转铁蛋白饱和度(TSAT)、血清铁蛋白(SF)]及不良反应发生率。结果治疗前,两组Hb、Hct、SF、TSAT水平比较差异无统计学意义;治疗10周后,两组Hb、Hct、SF、TSAT水平均高于治疗前,且观察组高于照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论尿毒症血液透析患者口服补铁联合罗沙司治疗可改善肾性贫血病情,且安全性高,不良反应少。     

Future therapy of diabetes mellitus

For reaching near normal glycemic control, multiple daily insulin injections are necessary, although subcutaneous insulin therapy cannot get the physiological profile, results in hypoglycemia, weight gain, peripheral hyperinsulinemia, and may not be accepted for painful injections. Glucagon-like peptide 1(GLP-1) analogs and alternative routes of insulin, especially oral (enteric-gastrointestinal, inhaled) route, are most promising and attractive now. Biotechnology and biochemistry will make it possible to overcome several disadvantages of low absorption, short half-life, low bioavailability, and many clinical trials are now in progress. We will show the review of these drugs and another candidate for the treatment of diabetic complications, protein kinase C inhibitor.     

Nd:YAG激光联合曲安奈德治疗口腔黏膜下纤维化的临床研究

  目的  采用Nd:YAG激光联合曲安奈德治疗口腔黏膜下纤维化患者,观察治疗后纤维化组织的修复、愈合及病情进展情况。  方法  选取2018年6月—2019年10月于杭州师范大学附属医院口腔科就诊的80例口腔黏膜下纤维化患者,采用随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,每组40例。对照组患者使用曲安奈德注射液治疗,观察组在此基础上使用Nd:YAG激光治疗,2组均持续治疗9周。2组患者治疗前后采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分进行评价,并测量张口程度和口腔黏膜病损面积;采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定血清血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、血小板反应蛋白(TSP)、基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)水平及血清IL-6、TNF-α水平。  结果  治疗后,对照组口腔黏膜病损面积为(1.47±0.62)cm2,观察组为(0.86±0.23)cm2,观察组口腔黏膜病损面积小于对照组(P < 0.05);2组患者血清VEGF均升高,观察组高于对照组[(0.75±0.19)pg/mL vs.(0.61±0.23)pg/mL, P < 0.05],而血清TSP、MMP-2、IL-6和TNF-α水平均降低,观察组低于对照组(均P < 0.05)。  结论  Nd: YAG激光联合曲安奈德可有效缓解口腔黏膜下纤维化患者口腔灼痛,抑制纤维化发展,并促进纤维化组织的修复与愈合,控制病情进一步发展。      

设置口腔专科临床药师培训专业的必要性探讨

目前,我国临床药师培训体系中未设置口腔专业,而且对于口腔专业培训规划的相关研究还是空白,口腔临床药学的发展也因为专科临床药师的匮乏而较为缓慢。本文从国家口腔健康政策、口腔疾病特点及口腔临床需求3个方面进行分析,为我国口腔专科临床药师培训专业的设置提供理论依据。同时,对口腔专科临床药师培训体系的构建进行初步探讨,为口腔专业临床药师培训的设计及具体内容提供参考意见。     

脑动脉前循环串联病变临床治疗效果meta分析

目的 比较脑动脉前循环串联病变所致急性缺血性卒中不同治疗方法的临床预后差异。