接触二甲基甲酰胺对男工生殖内分泌机能影响

目的研究二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)对男工生殖内分泌机能影响.方法按照国家标准测定作业场所空气中DMF浓度,并用尿中甲基甲酰胺(NMF)浓度来衡量作业工人实际接触水平,用化学发光免疫测定法(CLIA)测定了100名男工血清中卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、泌乳素(PRL)、睾酮(T)浓度.结果高水平DMF接触作业工人血清中T浓度[(30.15±8.37)g/L]高于低水平接触组[(25.36±10.69)g/L]和对照组[(18.56±8.07)g /L],而FSH浓度[(6.53±4.06)×10-3单位/L]则低于低水平接触组[(10.03±3.47)×10-3单位/L]和对照组[(12.63±6.55)×10-3单位/L];血清T浓度、异常率与DMF接触水平有明显剂量反应关系;高、低水平接触组 T/LH比值(3.72±2.06、3.41±2.55)明显低于对照组(7.75±10.16).结论 DMF能使男工FSH变化外,尚存在间质细胞功能及LH-T轴异常,对男工具有一定的生殖毒性.     

深圳市工业企业外来工心理健康状况调查

[目的]了解深圳市工业企业外来工心理健康状况 ,以便有针对性地开展心理健康促进工作。[方法]采用症状自评量表 (SCL_90)对深圳市福田区2家工业企业240名外来工 (男102人 ,女138人 )进行测试。[结果]外来工除恐怖因子外 ,SCL_90总均分及其余各因子分均明显低于常模 ;女性外来工恐怖因子分高于男性外来工 ,差异有非常显著的统计学意义 (P<0.01) ;不同年龄外来工间焦虑、恐怖和精神病性等因子分有显著差异 ,且呈现中间年龄段 (20～岁组 )因子分高 ,较高年龄段 (30～岁组 )因子分低的现象 ;不同学历外来工间总均分及躯体化、敌对、偏执、精神病性和其他因子分有显著差异 ,且呈现随学历升高各因子分升高的趋势。外来工SCL_90因子分≥2分的前3位因子是男性为强迫、人际关系敏感和精神病性 ,女性为强迫、偏执和人际关系敏感。[结论]深圳市工业企业外来工心理卫生状况较健康 ,但仍需针对性地开展心理健康促进工作     

建筑工地工人艾滋病防治知识影响因素的调查

目的 :研究建筑工地工人艾滋病防治知识知晓程度 ,分析其影响因素。方法 :问卷调查 ,数据采用 Foxpro软件录入 ,用 SPSS8.0 for Windows软件进行单因素分析和 L ogistic回归分析。结果 :婚姻、性别、文化程度、宣传途径是影响建筑工地工人艾滋病防治知识知晓度的主要因素。结论 :对建筑工地工人开展艾滋病防治知识宣传应采取电视、报纸等形式 ,主要针对未婚男性 ,内容通俗易懂 ,以提高他们艾滋病防治知识的知晓度     

某市女性性工作者艾滋病知识行为监测结果分析

目的了解女性性工作者(FSW)艾滋病相关知识行为情况,为今后制订针对该人群有效干预措施提供依据。方法在某市市区设立FSW监测哨点,按照艾滋病(AIDS)综合监测方案,2004~2005年连续2年,对FSW进行艾滋病知识及行为的监测调查。结果共调查323位FSW,平均年龄23.6岁;文化程度初中及以下者占80.5%;非本市的流动人口占80%以上;首次商业性行为年龄21.2岁,最近1周性伴数3.8个;对艾滋病防治知识有一定的认识,但对自己感染艾滋病的认知程度较低;最近3个月每次性行为坚持使用安全套的比例不高。结论FSW中艾滋病防治知识知晓率及安全套的使用率均较高,表明对大众的艾滋病宣传能有效地影响到FSW,但需进一步加强对娱乐服务场所FSW的健康教育和安全套推广工作。     

焦炉工GSTM1、GSTT1基因多态性和外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤的关系

[目的]探讨GSTM1和GSTT1基因多态性与外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤的关系。[方法]选择某焦化厂248名焦炉作业工人,其中炉顶区作业工人99人,炉侧作业78人,炉底作业71人。120名与之相匹配的对照人群选自该厂非职业多环芳烃(PAHs)暴露者。采用单细胞凝胶电泳实验观察外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤;运用多重PCR方法检测GSTM1、GSTT1基因多态性。同时,通过问卷调查的方式了解被调查者的年龄、吸烟、饮酒和个人职业暴露史。[结果]炉顶和炉侧区作业工人外周血淋巴细胞的Olive尾矩(OliveTailMoment,OTM)经对数转换后分别为1.37±1.16和1.46±0.97,均明显高于炉底区和对照组(OTM分别为0.98±1.18、0.56±0.99),差异显著(P<0.05)。经调整年龄、吸烟、暴露等级等因素后,焦炉作业组中GSTM1(-)基因型和GSTM1( )基因型的外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤分别为1.36±1.15和1.15±1.10,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。其中炉顶区作业工人GSTM1(-)基因型OTM明显高于GSTM1( )基因型(分别为1.56±1.08、1.09±1.25,P<0.05)。此外,在焦炉作业组中,GSTM1(-)GSTT1( )基因型OTM为1.44±1.13,明显高于GSTM1( )GSTT1( )基因型0.94±1.06,差异具有显著性(P<0.05);GSTM1( )GSTT1(-)和GSTM1(-)GSTT1(-)基因型OTM分别为1.36±1.10、1.28±1.17,两者差异无显著性。[结论]在炉顶作业工人中,GSTM1基因型可以明显影响外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤程度。GSTM1和GSTT1基因存在交互作用,同时携带GSTM1( )和GSTT1( )基因型的焦炉作业工人淋巴细胞DNA损伤水平较低。     

炼油企业职工高血压防治健康教育效果评价

目的评价在炼油企业职工中开展高血压防治健康教育的效果。方法健康教育前对泰州市石油化工厂的全体职工进行基线调查,然后开展综合健康教育,3年后在同一人群进行健康教育后效果评价。结果教育前,企业职工的高血压防治知识知晓水平较低,存在较多的不良生活习惯。教育后,高血压基本常识、危害性和预防控制知识的知晓率均高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);行为方面,“少食新鲜蔬菜”的比例比教育前低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其余不良生活习惯的比例没有明显改变,其中,“多食甜腻点心”的比例的提高有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论在企业职工中开展高血压健康教育时,可有效地提高其高血压防治的相关知识,而不良生活习惯的改变许多方面不明显,应该继续探索有效的干预措施。     

Potential association of specific Candida parapsilosis genotypes,bloodstream infections and colonization of health workers' hands

Fungal nosocomial infections continue to be a serious problem among hospitalized patients, decreasing quality of life and adding millions of euros to healthcare costs. The aim of this study was to describe the pattern of fungi associated with the hands of healthcare workers and to genotype Candida parapsilosis isolates in order to understand whether their high clinical prevalence stems from endemic nosocomial genotypes or from the real emergence of epidemiologically-unrelated strains. Approximately 39% (50/129) of healthcare workers were positive for yeasts and among 77 different fungal isolates recovered, C. parapsilosis was the most frequent (44/77; 57%). Twenty-seven diverse genotypes were obtained by microsatellite analysis of 42 selected blood and hand isolates. Most of the isolates from hands showed a new, unrelated, genotype, whereas a particular group of closely related genotypes prevailed in blood samples. Some of the latter genotypes were also found on the hands of healthcare workers, indicating a persistence of these clones within our hospital. C. parapsilosis genotypes from the hands were much more heterogeneous than clinical ones, thus reflecting a high genetic diversity among isolates, which is notably unusual and unexpected for this species.     

The association between social support and the mental health of social workers and police officers who work with unaccompanied asylum-seeking refugee children’s forced repatriation: A Swedish experience

This study aims to contribute to the knowledge of social support and its association with mental health amongst social workers and police officers in forced repatriation work of unaccompanied asylum-seeking refugee children. Nationally distributed surveys to social workers and police officers with and without experience of forced repatriation were used, measured by an abbreviated version of the Interview Schedule for Social Interaction (ISSI), and analyzed by univariate and multivariable regression models. Social workers in forced repatriation showed significantly poorer mental health than other social workers, but simultaneously relatively high access to social support. Irrespective of working with forced repatriation, police officers reported relatively high access to social support, but no difference in mental health. Furthermore, low levels of satisfaction with social interaction and close emotional support increased the odds of psychological disturbances for police officers in forced repatriation. Findings are discussed with special regard to the complexity of forced repatriation, particularly when children are the focus.     

Liver functions in silica-exposed workers in Egypt: possible role of matrix remodeling and immunological factors

Abstract

Background:

Brick manufacturing constitutes an important industrial sector in Egypt with considerable exposure to silica.

Objectives:

We aimed for evaluating hepatic functions in silica-exposed workers in the clay brick industry, and the possible role of matrix remodeling and immunological factors.

Methods:

A case–control study, 87 workers as exposed and 45 as control subjects. Questionnaire, clinical examination, and laboratory investigations: liver functions, matrix metalloproteinase-9, immunoglobulins G and E, and anti-liver kidney microsomal antibody.

Results:

In the exposed workers, mean levels of liver functions, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and IgG and IgE were significantly higher. In the silicotic subgroup the mean level of GGT was almost twice the level in the non-silicotic subjects. Logistic regression showed that abnormal GGT and ALT were associated with production workers.

Conclusion:

Workers in the clay brick industry showed evidence of liver disease that could be related to matrix remodeling.     

Processus,procédures et critères d’évaluation conduisant à la mise sur la liste d’aptitude aux fonctions de Maître de conférences des universités – praticien hospitalier (MCU-PH) et de professeur des universités – praticien hospitalier (PU-PH) en anesthésie-réanimation

Since several decades, anesthesia care and intensive care, as well, are engaged in the way of excellence in clinical care and research. This requirement is also applied for the selection of professor and academic workers. The goals of this article are twice: first to diffuse this knowledge at the medical community and second to describe in details the long process leading to the final appointment.