重症心脏瓣膜置换术的体外循环管理

目的:回顾性总结重症心脏瓣膜病置换术体外循环经验.方法:105例重症心脏瓣膜病患者,使用stockerⅢ型心肺机及膜式氧合器,体外循环中采用中度低温,预充白蛋白并附加人工肾超滤,心肌保护用高钾含血停搏液灌注.结果:105例患者均顺利脱机,无1例死亡.体外循环时间60～180 min,主动脉阻断时间60～120 min,所有患者均顺利脱离体外循环,心脏自动复跳86例,电击19例.结论:手术中加强心肌保护,可减低手术后的功能衰竭和并发症,并可有效提高手术成功率.     

肾动脉狭窄介入治疗前后血清脑利钠肽水平的变化及意义的研究

目的探讨肾动脉狭窄介入治疗前后血清脑利钠肽BNP水平的变化及意义。方法采用回顾性调查方法，对肾动脉狭窄介入治疗前后血清脑利钠肽水平的变化进行分析。结果肾动脉狭窄介入治疗再通后，血清BNP水平出现下降（P〈0．01）。结论血清BNP水平的变化对肾动脉狭窄介入治疗后疗效的评价具有一定的临床指导意义。     

颈外静脉瓣膜窦段及其临床应用

经研究表明颈外静脉的瓣膜、缩窄环、瓣膜窦及窦段静脉壁共同组成一个灵敏地、高强度地抗逆流装置。本文称之为瓣膜窦段并报道189段的尸体解剖和光镜观察结果;测定尸体、活体和手术中瓣膜窦段的抗逆流功能,表明颈外静脉适于用无瓣导管作脑积水等分流途径。初步探明颈外静脉怒张的原因和消除怒张的简便方法以及术前鉴定瓣膜窦段位置和功能的方法。对2例脑积水用无瓣导管作侧脑室颈外静脉分流取得初步疗效。     

中药“附归参汤”修复混合菌所致小鼠输卵管炎性狭窄的病理改变

目的观察中药“附归参汤”灌胃给药后是否可改善混合菌导致的小鼠输卵管炎性狭窄的病理改变。为临床应用“附归参汤”治疗输卵管炎所致的不孕症提供实验依据。方法昆明小鼠随机分为对照组（n=10）、模型组（n=10）、模型组＋生理盐水处理组（n=10）、模型＋“附归参汤”处理组（n=20），输卵管炎性狭窄模型采用混合菌（溶血性链球菌、大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌2：1：1）输卵管接种法制作，处理组分别胃饲生理盐水和“附归参汤”30天。应用组织学方法观察各组的病理学改变，评判各处理组病理学转归情况。结果在使用混合菌接种后，小鼠输卵管管壁结构发生改变，主要包括黏膜层水肿、上皮细胞顶端纤毛变短或消失、固有层炎性细胞浸润、毛细血管充血、管腔狭窄甚至闭塞。“附归参汤”长期给药后明显使上述病理改变向正常组织转归。结论中药“附归参汤”能够修复混合菌导致的小鼠输卵管炎性狭窄的病理改变，为临床应用该药治疗输卵管炎所致的不孕症提供了实验依据。     

肾动脉狭窄支架植入术的临床疗效观察

目的探讨肾动脉狭窄支架植入术的临床疗效.方法1997年1月～2004年12月,我院行支架介入治疗肾动脉狭窄27例.对27例术前、术后及随访期内血压、肾功能以及生活质量进行评估,并与同期单纯药物治疗肾动脉狭窄27例进行比较.结果介入组27例植入支架40枚,手术成功24例(88.9%,24/27),失败3例(11.1%,3/27),手术并发症5例(18.5%,5/27).术后在血压下降(包括收缩压舒张压)肌酐下降,肾小球滤过率增加方面,介入组获益率明显优于药物组,两组比较差异均有显著性,术后随访6个月～8年6个月,中位数为1年9个月,介入组有19例能比较健康的生活和工作,药物组仅12例能维持生活和工作.结论支架介入治疗较单纯药物治疗肾动脉狭窄疗效显著.     

Results of the Ross operation in a pediatric population

Objective: To analyse the results of the mid-term clinical and echocardiographic follow-up of the pediatric Ross operation. Methods: Echo-Doppler follow-up of 53 consecutive pediatric Ross procedures performed between 1994 and 2003. Median age was 9.7 years at time of operation (2 weeks–17.7 years). Six patients were younger than 3 months. Median age at follow-up was 15.6 years. Aortic valve/left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) anomalies were congenital in 49 (92%). Seventy percent had previous surgery or balloon valvuloplasty. Root replacement was used in all. Thirteen patients (25%) had LVOT enlargement. Mean cross-clamp time was 113 (69–189) minutes. Results: Early mortality occurred in 3 patients after emergency surgery following balloon failure (n=1) and extended Ross following interrupted arch/VSD repair (n=2). Late mortality was due to LV fibroelastosis in 2 patients and complicated pulmonary artery stenting in another. RVOT reoperations were required because of late homograft obstruction in 2 patients and because of pulmonary artery stenosis in another. Five patients (9.4%) were reoperated for pulmonary autograft dilatation (n=3) and for leaflet fibrosis or perforation (n=2). Autografts were repaired in two patients, while a mechanical valve was inserted in 3 cases. At 9 years the actuarial survival and event free survival were 89 and 74%, respectively. At last follow-up 90% of autograft diameters indexed to body surface area was above the 90th percentile of normal aortic root diameters. LVOT and RVOT gradients were low and autograft insufficiency was trivial to mild in 84% and mild to moderate in 16%. Autograft stenosis was not noticed. Conclusions: The pediatric Ross procedure remains an important tool but autograft dilatation also occurs in the pediatric population. The significance of this finding has yet to be determined.     

环氧氯丙烷处理对瓣膜组织结构及表面性状的影响

目的 通过研究环氧氯丙烷（ECH）处理对瓣膜组织结构及表面性状的影响，探究ECH处理生物瓣膜后防钙化的机制。方法 通过测定ECH处理瓣膜组织的抗酶消化能力、茚三酮值、热皱缩温度，以及血浆蛋白吸附实验、血小板黏附实验评价ECH处理瓣膜组织的表面性状。结果 经ECH处理后，抗酶消化能力增加，茚三酮值下降，热皱缩温度升高（P〈0．01），且对血浆蛋白和血小板的黏附减少，表面性状改善。结论 ECH处理能够增加瓣膜组织的交联，且改善瓣膜的表面性状，是ECH处理瓣膜组织防钙化、防衰坏的机制之一。     

The impact of mitral valve morphology on the long-term outcome of mitral balloon valvuloplasty.

BACKGROUND: The effect of mitral valve morphology (MVM) on the long-term results of mitral balloon valvuloplasty (MBV) is not well established. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of MVM on long-term outcome of MBV. METHODS: Five hundred and eighteen consecutive patients (mean age, 31+/-11 years) who underwent successful MBV were followed up for 0.5-16.5 (mean, 6+/-4.5) years. Patients were divided into two groups according to their mitral echo score (MES) before MBV: group A (n=340; MES8). RESULTS: We report the immediate and long-term clinical and echocardiographic results of the above-mentioned 518 consecutive patients. The mitral valve area was significantly larger in group A than in group B, both immediately after MBV (2.0+/-0.3 vs. 1.82+/-0.3 cm2, respectively; P<0.0001) and also at the last follow-up (1.8+/-0.33 vs. 1.5+/-0.33 cm2, respectively; P<0.0001). Restenosis occurred in 38/340 (11%) in group A vs. 73/178 (41%) in group B (P<0.0001). Actuarial freedom from restenosis at 5, 10, 15 years were 92+/-2%, 85+/-3%, 65+/-6% for group A vs. 72+/-4%, 44+/-5%, 9+/-6% for group B (P<0.001). Event-free survival rates at 5, 10, 15 years for group A were 93+/-1%, 88+/-2%, 66+/-6% vs. 82+/-3%, 59+/-6%, 8+/-7% for group B (P<0.0001). Stepwise Cox multivariate regression analysis identified MES, preprocedure functional class, and postprocedure mitral valve area相似文献   

脑保护下的颈动脉狭窄内支架治疗

目的 评价经皮血管内支架成形术联合应用颈动脉滤器对颈动脉狭窄的治疗效果。方法12例有临床症状的颅外颈动脉狭窄患者接受血管内支架植入治疗，术中同时使用颈动脉滤器进行脑保护，并对颈动脉滤器所回收的物质进行病理学分析。结果12例患者支架及滤器均成功植入，滤器均成功回收。回收物质为微小血栓颗粒、泡沫细胞、胆固醇颗粒。结论经皮血管内支架成形术联合应用颈动脉滤器，可有效缓解颈动脉狭窄所致的血流障碍，预防术中脱落的微小栓子进入脑内。     

ABL50血气分析仪电、液路故障维修

本文介绍ABL50型血气分析仪使用过程中遇到的电、液路故障处理方法。