辐照后基因修饰自然杀伤细胞的特征及对卵巢癌细胞杀伤活性的研究

目的探讨800cGy辐照后人白细胞介素15基因修饰的自然杀伤细胞(NKG-IL15)表面分子特征及其对卵巢癌细胞的杀伤活性。方法收集NKG-IL15细胞,800cGy进行辐照,100cGy/分,流式法检测辐照前后NKG-IL15细胞表型;利用51cr释放法检测辐照前后NKG-IL15细胞对靶细胞的杀伤活性,同时3H掺入法检测照射后细胞的增殖能力。结果 800cGy辐照前后NKG-IL15细胞表型均为CD56强阳性,CD19和CD3为阴性;对卵巢癌HO-8910细胞杀伤结果显示,0、800cGy组杀伤率分别在70.0%～23.7%、69.4%～22.6%之间,杀伤无明显差别;800cGy照射后NKG-IL15细胞24h增殖能力为0。结论 800cGy辐照后的NKG-IL15细胞具有人自然杀伤细胞的特征,无增殖能力,对人卵巢癌细胞HO-8910有较高的杀伤活性,可成为卵巢癌过继性免疫治疗的方法 。     

流式细胞术联合形态学检查对淋巴瘤骨髓累犯的诊断价值

目的 探讨流式细胞术(FCM)联合形态学检查对淋巴瘤骨髓累犯的诊断价值.方法 对52例淋巴瘤患者的骨髓标本行FCM、涂片及活组织病理切片检查,观察骨髓受累率、免疫表型数据和检查前后临床分期(CS)、国际预后指数(IPI)的变化.结果 6例霍奇金淋巴瘤(HL)切片法仅发现1例骨髓受累;46例非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)中,骨髓受累FCM检出3l例,涂片法检出5例,切片法检出12例.FCM发现的3l例受累患者中,21例为早期浸润(瘤细胞＜5%);12例为小细胞淋巴瘤(SLL);6例同时表达T、B细胞抗原,1例弥漫大B细胞性淋巴瘤同时表达髓系抗原CD13、CD33;检查后,19例由原分期Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期升至Ⅳ期,18例进展型NHL的IPI提高.结论FCM联合形态学检查提高了骨髓受累的检出率,并能了解骨髓增生程度,提供免疫表型数据,尤对早期浸润和SLL声重要鉴别价值.准确的骨髓检查提高了患者CS和IPI.     

人脐血T、B淋巴细胞和NK细胞的免疫学表达特性

目的 探讨人脐血T、B淋巴细胞和NK细胞，以及T／NK细胞杀伤性抑制性受体（KIR）表达的免疫学特性及其意义。方法 应用流式细胞仪检测26例正常新生儿脐血的T、B淋巴细胞和NK细胞抗原标记，包括CD45RA、CD45RO、CD69、CD25、CD40L、CD40、CD10、CD20和CD16等抗原的表达，以及脐血T／NK细胞上KIR分子（CD158a和CD158b抗原）的表达，并与正常儿童外周血比较。结果 脐血T淋巴细胞中CD45RA^ 细胞表达高于外周血（P＜0．01），CD45RO^ 则明显低于外周血（P＜0．01）；脐血T细胞CD69表达极低；CD25在CD8^ 细胞亚群中几乎不表达；CD40L在脐血T细胞中表达低于外周血（P＜0．05）。脐血B淋巴细胞中不成熟亚群CD10^ ／CD19^ 比例增高，成熟B细胞表型CD19、CD20、CD40等抗原均明显高于正常外周血（P＜0．01）。脐血中T淋巴细胞和NK细胞均存在KIR分子表达；脐血和外周血中T淋巴细胞CD158分子表达低于NK细胞（P＜0．01），脐血T淋巴细胞亚群中CD158分子表达低于正常外周血；CD158几乎不表达于CD4^ T细胞，主要表达于CD8^ T细胞，且以CD158a^ 为主；脐血中NK细胞CD158分子表达高于T淋巴细胞（P＜0．05），但明显低于外周血NK细胞KIR的表达（P＜0．01）。结论 脐血T淋巴细胞包括原始和早期T细胞以及T细胞受体表达障碍，导致脐血T淋巴细胞免疫功能不成熟，可能是脐血移植（UCBT）后移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）发生率低和程度轻的重要原因之一。脐血B淋巴细胞免疫应答障碍可能缘于T淋巴细胞表型或功能的障碍。脐血T／NK细胞KIR的表达特性提示，KIR可能与UCBT中GVHD和移植物抗白血病（GVL）效应有关。     

The prognostic impact of multiparameter flow cytometry immunophenotyping and cytogenetic aberrancies in patients with multiple myeloma

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of immunophenotyping in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), as well as other markers of disease, such as serum hyaluronan and cytogenetic aberrancies.

Methods: We have prospectively analyzed the prognostic impact of antigenic markers, assessed by multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC), in a series of newly diagnosed MM patients (n?=?79).

Results and discussion: Our results show that the expression of CD44, CD45, and CD28 and the absence of CD117 were associated with a significantly shorter progression free-survival (PFS). Clinical characteristics were collected; Cytogenetic aberrancies were assessed in 40 patients. Multivariate survival analyses identified that the CD117^?, CD28⁺, CD45⁺, and the percentage of bone marrow plasma cells by MFC are survival predictor, along with the International Staging System stage. Interestingly, the CD117^? patients were associated with chromosomal aberrancies, including del (17p), +1q21, and IgH translocations.

Conclusion: The incorporation of multiparameter flow cytometry immunophenotyping into the routine diagnostic evaluation of MM patients can help to identify patients at a high risk of progression.     

Aberrant Expression of CD13 Identifies a Subgroup of Standard-Risk Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia With Inferior Survival

BackgroundThe standard-risk (SR) subgroup of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults (aALL) is a heterogeneous category, with a 20% to 40% relapse rate and a wide range of relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). There is a need to identify at the outset those patients with SR-aALL who are likely to have shorter RFS and OS, so they can be treated more aggressively.Patients and MethodsFlow cytometric data of 81 patients with SR-aALL treated with a standardized protocol were retrospectively analyzed. Thirty-two patients (40%) relapsed; the median RFS and OS were 12.5 months (range, 1-136 months) and 30 months (range, 3-235 months), respectively. Twenty-six patients survived ≥ 48 months.ResultsExpression of myeloid antigen CD13, using the conventional ≥ 20% threshold and a lower ≥ 5% threshold, was seen in 17 (29%) of 59 and 29 (49%) of 59 patients, respectively, whereas dual expression of CD13 and CD33 was seen in 8 patients. CD13 positivity at ≥ 20% and ≥ 5% threshold was associated with a shorter RFS (P = .0158 and P < .0001, respectively) and OS (P = .0072 and P < .0001, respectively). Dual expression of CD13 (at ≥ 5% or ≥ 20% threshold) and CD33 was associated with inferior OS (P = .0038 and P = .0032, respectively) and RFS (P = .0705 and P = .2516, respectively). For ≥ 20% and ≥ 5% threshold of positivity, 16 of 42 and 28 of 42 who survived < 48 months were positive, compared with 1 of 17 and 1 of 17 who survived ≥ 48 months (P = .0133 and P < .0001, respectively).ConclusionAberrant expression of CD13 in ≥ 5% of blasts of patients with SR-aALL is an adverse prognostic factor, delineating a subgroup of patients with SR-aALL that should be considered for more aggressive treatment.     

甲状腺内胸腺癌1例报告及文献复习

目的 探讨甲状腺内胸腺癌（ITTC）的临床病理学特征、治疗方法和预后,加强临床医生对该病的认识。 方法 观察1例ITTC患者的临床表现。肉眼观察肿瘤大体形态表现,行实验室检查和影像学检查,观察甲状腺肿物细针穿刺细胞学表现,光镜下观察肿瘤组织形态表现,对肿瘤组织行免疫组织化学染色和原位杂交检测,术后3和11个月对患者进行随访,并结合文献进行复习。 结果 ITTC患者临床主要表现为甲状腺内质稍硬肿物。细胞学检查显示肿瘤细胞呈三维立体结构,部分细胞可见核仁。组织学检查显示癌细胞呈巢状或岛状分布,并向鳞状细胞分化;其周围纤维组织增生,伴淋巴细胞浸润;伴右颈部淋巴结转移。免疫表型检测,癌细胞表达CD117、CD5和P63等,不表达TdT和TTF-1,EBER-ISH（－）。病理诊断为ITTC伴颈部淋巴结转移。患者在术后3和11个月复查CT均未见复发及转移。 结论 ITTC恶性程度低,可复发及转移,联合手术及放疗,患者预后良好。     

骨髓增生异常综合征免疫表型分析

目的：探讨免疫表型测定在骨髓增生异常综合征（MDS）诊断及分型中的价值。方法：采用一组系列相关单克隆抗体和流式细胞术对19例MDS患者免疫表型进行检测，并对其中的10例进行了细胞遗传学检查。结果：MDS患者骨髓单个核细胞（MNC）CD13，CD33抗原表达率平均分别为36．69％和41．86％，而T淋巴系抗原CD3的表达平均仅为14．49％，且随着低危的难治性贫血（RA）向高危的难治笥贫血伴原始细胞增多（RAEB）或难治性贫血伴原始细胞增多－转变型（RAEB-t)的进展，较早期的髓系抗原CD13，CD33及干（祖）细胞抗原CD34的表达升高，并伴有T淋巴系抗原CD3的表达降低。10例进行了细胞遗传学检查的患者中，5例有染色体核型异常，染色体核型异常的患者与染色体核型正常的患者在抗原表达上存在区别。结论：对MDS患者进行免疫表型检查有助于MDS的诊断分型研究。     

老年面中线非霍奇金淋巴瘤临床病理特点分析

目的以非老年组(年龄<60岁)面中线非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者为对照,探讨老年组(年龄≥60岁)面中线非霍奇金淋巴瘤的临床病理、免疫表型及EB病毒(EBV)感染状态。方法选取67例面中线淋巴瘤组织标本,应用免疫组化SP法检测肿瘤细胞CD45RO、CD56、TIA1、CD20、CD45RA等标记物,同时进行EBV原位杂交检测。结果(1)67例面中线非霍奇金淋巴瘤中老年组31例,占46.3%;非老年组36例,占53.7%。(2)老年组面中线非霍奇金淋巴瘤多发生在扁桃体和鼻咽部,组织学类型以低度恶性黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤(MALT)为主;非老年组多见于鼻腔,以中、低分化型的NK/T细胞淋巴瘤为主,2组的组织学类型差异有显著性(P<0.05)。(3)非霍奇金淋巴瘤的EBV(EBER1/2)老年组有6例(19.4%)表达阳性,而非老年组有21例表达阳性(58.3%),2组EBV阳性检出率也有显著差异(P<0.01)。结论老年组与非老年组比较,其临床病理、免疫表型及EBV感染几方面的差异均有显著性;老年组发病率并不比非老年组低,组织学类型以分化好的MALT型为主。