内蒙古地区食管癌组织中人乳头瘤病毒的检测

目的:了解内蒙古地区HPV感染与食管癌的关系,探讨HPV在食管癌病因学中的作用.方法:应用通用引物PCR法检测食管癌标本中HPV DNA.结果:在来自内蒙古地区41例食管癌标本中,HPV DNA检出率为零.结论:内蒙古地区食管癌发生可能与HPV感染无关.     

Thyroid Artery Erosion by Esophageal Cancer: Management with Interventional Radiology

Management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding because of erosion of vessels by esophageal cancer may be challenging. We present herein the angiographic images of a 49-year-old patient who was admitted with massive bleeding from a tumor-eroded inferior thyroid artery. Attempts to control the bleeding by means of flexible endoscopy and insertion of a Sengstaken–Blakemore tube had failed. The diagnosis was impressively demonstrated by multislice computed tomography with intravenous contrast in the arterial phase and multiplanar reconstructions (computed tomography angiography) and by digital subtraction angiography. The bleeding was successfully treated with superselective catheterization and coiling of the eroded vessel.     

冠心病危险因素与冠状动脉病变程度的相关性研究

目的:探讨冠心病危险因素与冠状动脉病变程度的关系.方法:选取150例冠心病患者行冠状动脉造影术及各项化验检查,冠状动脉病变程度以Gensini积分值表示,对冠心病危险因素和冠状动脉病变程度进行统计分析.结果:经多因素线性回归证实:非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇为冠状动脉病变程度的独立危险因素(P=0.030),而性别、年龄、空腹血糖、糖尿病、高血压、吸烟、家族史及甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇均与冠状动脉病变程度无明确相关.结论:非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇对冠状动脉病变严重程度具有重要的影响.     

术后早期肠内营养对食管癌患者肠黏膜屏障功能的影响

目的 探讨食管癌患者术后早期施行肠内营养支持对胃肠道黏膜屏障的保护作用. 方法术前3个月内体重下降超过患病前体重20%的食管癌患者56例,按所给营养方法不同分为肠内营养组(n=30)和肠外营养组(n=26),观察两组患者的临床结果,分别于术后第1、4和8天测定两组患者尿乳果糖与甘露醇的比值、血浆内毒素、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)、胃泌素和谷氨酰胺水平. 结果肠内营养组患者术后体重减轻较少,感染性并发症发生较少(P<0.01,0.05).术后第4天和8天,肠内营养组尿乳果糖与甘露醇比值、血浆内毒素和TNF较肠外营养组低(P<0.01),胃泌素、谷氨酰胺较肠外营养组高(P<0.01). 结论食管癌患者术后早期肠内营养对肠道黏膜屏障功能具有一定的保护作用,有可能减少术后感染性并发症的发生.     

Robotic-assisted heller myotomy versus laparoscopic heller myotomy for the treatment of esophageal achalasia: multicenter study

Laparoscopic Heller myotomy (LHM) has become the standard treatment option for achalasia. The incidence of esophageal perforation reported is about 5%–10%. Robotically assisted Heller myotomy (RAHM) is emerging as a safe alternative to LHM. Data comparing the two approaches are scant. The aim of this study was to compare RAHM with LHM in terms of efficacy and safety for treatment of achalasia. A total of 121 patients underwent surgical treatment of achalasia at three institutions. A retrospective review of prospectively collected perioperative data was performed. Patients were divided into two groups: group A (RAHM), 59 patients, and group B (LHM), 62 patients. All the operations were completed using minimally invasive techniques. There were 63 women and 58 men, with a mean age of 45 ±19 years (14–82 years). Fifty-one percent of patients in group A and 95% of patients in group B reported weight loss. Duration of symptoms was equal for both groups. Dysphagia was the main complaint in both groups (P = NS). There was no difference in preoperative endoscopic treatment in both groups (44% versus 27%, P = NS). Operative time was significantly shorter for LHM in the first half of the experience (141 ± 49 versus 122 ± 44 minutes, P < .05). However, in the last 30 cases there was no difference in operative time between the groups (P = NS). Intraoperative complications (esophageal perforation) were more frequent in group B (16% versus 0%). The incidence of postoperative heartburn did not differ by group. There were no deaths. At 18 and 22 months, 92% and 90% of patients had relief of their dysphagia. This study suggests that RAHM is safer than LHM, because it decreases the incidence of esophageal perforation to 0%, even in patients who had previous treatment. At short-term follow-up, relief of dysphagia was equally achieved in both groups. Presented at the Forty-Sixth Annual Meeting of The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Chicago, Illinois, May 14–18, 2005 (oral presentation). This study was supported in part by a grant provided by Intuitive Surgical, Inc. and Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc.     

尖牙的生理性与病理性迁徙的临床分析

目的：探讨阻生尖牙与迁徙尖牙的联系、生理性迁徙或病理性迁徙与阻生尖牙的关系及迁徙尖牙的治疗方法。方法：对历年的X线片资料进行分析并复习有关文献。结果：阻生尖牙迁徙者有12例（上颌2例、下颌10例），其中生理性迁徙5例，病理性迁徙7例。结论：部分尖牙阻生可能为迁徙发生的早期阶段，尖牙迁徙包括生理性迁徙和病理性迁徙，尖牙生理性迁徙和病理性迁徙在发病原因、临床表现和治疗方法上都明显不同。     

同步放化疗治疗中晚期食管癌60例

目的 观察对中晚期食管癌患者同步放化疗,疗效及毒副作用.方法 中晚期食管癌120例,随机分放化疗组60例(简称放化组)和单纯放疗组60例(简称单放组).放疗采用常规分割,DT40 Gy后缩小照射野,避开脊髓斜野照射,加量DT20～30 Gy,6～7周完成.放化组放疗1、4周后应用顺铂(DDP)20 mg/d、亚叶酸钙(CF)0.1 g/d,CF静脉滴注1/2量时5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)500 mg/d静脉滴注,连续5 d为1个周期,化疗当天进行放疗.结果 放化组与单放组1、2、3年生存率分别为67%、46%、34%和52%、38%、24%;放射性肺炎分别为14例和12例;外周血细胞下降分别为26例和17例;胃肠道反应分别为25例和9例;死亡分别为38例和48例.两组治疗效果比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 放疗同步PLF方案化疗治疗中晚期食管癌生存率高,毒副作用及不良反应低.     

Prevention of Restenosis after Coronary Angioplasty with Low-Density Lipoprotein Apheresis

Abstract: A prospective study was performed to determine whether low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis, when performed only immediately before and after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), is effective in preventing restenosis of coronary artery lesions following PTCA. Thirty-six patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and hypercholesterolemia were divided into 2 groups. The 9 patients in the LDL group underwent LDL-apheresis 1 day before and 5 days after PTCA while the 27 patients of the control group underwent PTCA but did not undergo LDL-apheresis. Follow-up coronary angiography (CAG) was performed 4 months after PTCA. The rate of restenosis of coronary artery lesions was significantly lower in the LDL group (0%) than in the control group (30%). These findings suggest that LDL-apheresis, when performed before and after PTCA, is effective in preventing restenosis of coronary artery lesions in patients with CHD and hypercholesterolemia.     

Treatment of a malignant esophageal fistula with a Gore-Tex-covered flexible nitinol stent

In order to treat fistulated esophageal cancer using a flexible stent, a covered flexible stent was constructed by wrapping a nitinol stent with a thin sheet of Gore-Tex, preserving the stents original advantages of flexibility and a low-profile introducer system. This stent was used to perform standard radiotherapy in a case of fistulated esophageal cancer.     

西安市城市居民食管癌的病因研究:烟酒因素的作用

本文报道了1984年10月~1985年10月西安市城市居民138例食管癌的病例对照研究。结果表明,吸烟为食管癌发病的危险因素,OR_M-H为4.12(95% CI为1.57~6.54)。OR与吸烟量、吸烟年限有显著剂量效应关系。吸烟作为食管癌的可能致病因子其潜隐期为37.19年。饮酒与食管癌的联系不显著(χ²=1.03,P﹥0.05)。作者认为吸烟单独或与其它因素共同作用下可能参与食管的癌变过程。