经口与经鼻内镜下腺样体切除术治疗儿童分泌性中耳炎疗效比较

目的比较经口与经鼻内镜下腺样体切除术治疗儿童分泌性中耳炎的临床效果。方法74例分泌性中耳炎患儿在知情同意下随机分为A组和B组各37例,A组采用经口内镜下腺样体切除术,B组采用经鼻内镜下腺样体切除术,比较两组治疗总有效率、手术时间、出血量、并发症发生率及治疗前后血清IgE、一氧化氮、白细胞介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子．a及白细胞介素也水平变化情况。结果A组痊愈34例、有效3例、无效0例、总有效率100．0％,B组分别为26例、7例、4例、89．2％,h组总有效率明显高于B组（x2：6．869,P〈0．05）;A组手术时间（8．64±1．6）rain、出血量（12．34±4．1）ml、并发症发生率2．7％,B组分别为（14．2±2．1）rain、（17．8±3．5）ml、10．8％,两组差异均有统计学意义（f=5．967、6．553,x。=7．142,均P〈0．05）。治疗后,A组血清IgE、一氧化碳、白细胞介素_6、肿瘤坏死因子-d及白细胞介素_2水平均低于B组（t=5．557、6．348、5．968、6．976、5．884,均P〈0．05）。结论经口内镜下腺样体切除术治疗儿童分泌性中耳炎效果较佳,值得临床推广应用。     

鼻内镜下低温等离子治疗老年性鼻出血48例疗效观察

目的:探讨鼻内镜下低温等离子在老年性鼻出血的临床应用。方法:对我院2008年6月~2009年6月间门诊及住院治疗的48例老年性鼻出血病例的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:48例中,仅6例患者无基础性疾病,其中有38例伴高血压,4例同时伴有糖尿病。有4例伴有鼻中隔偏曲。上述病例中,出血部位以嗅裂、下鼻道后端、中鼻道以及鼻中隔为主。所有病例均在鼻内镜下行低温等离子消融止血。其中一次成功40例(83.3%),二次成功8例(16.7%)。结论:鼻内镜下等离子治疗老年性鼻出血准确、安全,患者反应轻、恢复快,避免盲目填塞造成止血失败或新的出血,具有较好的临床应用价值。     

The use of topical intranasal fluorescein in endoscopic endonasal repair of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea

BackgroundThe CSF rhinorrhea is a kind of common clinical disease. The preoperative diagnosis and intraoperative localization of CSF fistulas are critical to treatment of CSF rhinorrhea. At present, intrathecal fluorescein regarding endoscopic transnasal cerebrospinal leakage repair is a common method for localization of the fistula; however, it has some disadvantages because it needs a specific endoscope, and the trauma from lumbar puncture as well as the potential complications of intrathecal fluorescein, as a result, widely limited its clinical use. Topical intranasal fluorescein can avoid the above-mentioned shortcoming. The aim of this work was to describe the use of topical fluorescein in the intraoperative localization of CSF fistulas and to screen its use in preoperative diagnosis of CSF rhinorrhea.MethodsFifteen patients with CSF rhinorrhea were treated with an endoscopic endonasal technique. Topical intranasal 5% fluorescein for preoperative diagnosis and intraoperative localization of the site of the leak was placed in middle turbinate meatus, the roof of the ethmoid plate, and sphenoethmoidal recesses. A change in the color of the fluorescein from brown to green fluorescence denoted the presence of CSF, and the site of the leak could be traced. The accuracy rate of diagnosis and leak site identification was made by comparison with glucose analysis, intraoperative findings, and follow-up.ResultsThe cause of the leak was accidental trauma in 5 patients and spontaneous in 10 patients. The preoperative use of fluorescein-soaked cotton was 100% accurate in diagnosing CSF rhinorrhea. The intraoperative use of topical intranasal fluorescein was also 100% accurate in locating the site of the CSF fistula when compared with the surgical findings. It had achieved 100% success rate in sealing the CSF fistulas in our 15 patients with no recurrence detected during the follow-up period (mean, 2-24 months). No complications have been reported.ConclusionIn the presence of a clinically diagnosed CSF leakage and location of the leakage fistula, topical fluorescein is a very easy, sensitive, safe, and highly accurate tool in the intraoperative localization of the site and extent of CSF fistulas. It should be considered as a viable noninvasive alternative to intrathecal fluorescein.     

Proteus综合征并微创处理1例报告

Proteus综合征是一种散发且表现复杂的罕见疾病,病因不明。特征为多种组织非对称性、不规则的过度生长,脑回状结缔组织痣、表皮痣、血管畸形及脂肪组织异常。本文根据特征性的临床表现和最新诊断标准确诊1例成年Proteus综合征,经过微创整形外科治疗,获得了理想的疗效。     

椎间盘镜下异体松质骨复合自体红骨髓植骨治疗骨不连及骨缺损

目的探讨椎间盘镜下异体松质骨复合自体红骨髓植骨治疗四肢长骨干骨不连及骨缺损的临床疗效。方法2003年9月～2006年9月,选择25例创伤后骨不连、骨缺损患者,其中胫骨9例,股骨13例,肱骨3例。骨不连、骨缺损引起须植骨长度1～6 cm,平均2.7 cm,均在椎间盘镜下行瘢痕清除,然后在骨缺损部位植入异体松质骨,再于髂骨取自体红骨髓15～20 ml注入植骨处。结果25例随访12～36个月,平均25个月,切口均一期愈合,无一例发生神经血管损伤症状。除2例术后内固定失败外,余23例骨不连、骨缺损均获骨性愈合,植骨生长良好,骨愈合时间4～9个月,平均5.1月,无感染及再出现骨不连。结论椎间盘镜下异体松质骨复合自体红骨髓植骨治疗骨不连和骨缺损,无须自体髂骨取骨,局部创伤小,血运破坏小,并发症少,骨愈合率高,是一种微创有效的治疗方法。     

神经内镜辅助微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛

目的：探讨神经内镜辅助微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛的临床疗效。方法：回顾分析探讨神经内镜辅助微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛45例的手术经验、临床资料及随访结果。结果：45例随访3个月-49个月,其中治愈39例,显效4例,有效1例,无效1例,死亡0例。神经内镜可以更广泛清晰地显示桥小脑角区间隙Ⅰ内的解剖结构。结论：神经内镜辅助微血管减压术可以消除锁孔入路桥小脑角区显微手术的外科解剖死角,有助于正确地判断责任血管以及置入Teflon棉,是治疗三叉神经痛的有效方法。     

鼻内镜下YAG激光治疗顽固性鼻出血的效果

目的探讨鼻内镜下ND-YAG激光治疗顽固性鼻出血的效果。方法选择顽固性、出血病人158例,黏膜表面麻醉,鼻内镜下找到出血点,采用ND-YAG激光治疗。结果该方法治疗肯定,156例全部治愈,治疗无效需改行其它治疗的有2例,无不良反应及并发症。结论鼻内镜下,ND-YAG激光治疗顽固性鼻出血无需住院,疗效好、痛苦小、无并发症,止血效果肯定。     

经内镜钛镍记忆合金支架治疗恶性胆总管梗阻的体会

目的观察经内镜钛镍记忆合金支架治疗恶性梗阻性黄疸的治疗效果。方法采用国厂钛镍记忆合金胆管支架经内镜置入治疗恶性梗阻性黄疸34例。结果成功置入33例,成功率97．5％。引流后总胆红素明显下降。结论内镜置入钛镍记忆合金胆管支架治疗恶性梗阻性黄疸疗效确切。     

半椎板切除联合胸(腹)腔镜技术治疗胸腰椎管哑铃形肿瘤

目的 探讨后正中椎板切除联合胸(腹)腔镜手术切除胸腰椎管哑铃形肿瘤的方法与可行性.方法 应用半椎板切除联合胸(腹)腔镜技术一期对4例胸腰椎管哑铃形肿瘤施行了手术.先通过神经外科显微手术切除椎管内肿瘤.再经胸(腹)腔镜切除胸腹腔椎旁肿瘤.结果 肿瘤全切3例,次全切1例.手术耗时4-6h,出血量100-200ml.术后临床症状明显改善,无手术并发症.术后随访6个月-3年未见肿瘤生长或复发.结论 后正中入路联合胸(腹)腔镜手术一期切除胸腰椎管哑铃形肿瘤创伤小,术后疼痛轻,并发症少,是一种较为理想的手术方法.     

内窥镜在支撑喉镜暴露困难声带病变中的应用

目的探讨内窥镜在支撑喉镜不能暴露声带手术中的应用。方法在支撑喉镜难以暴露术野不能行喉显微手术的29例病例,联合应用0°、30°鼻内窥镜下切除声带肿物。结果声带息肉15例,声带小结8例,声带囊肿3例,喉室囊肿1例,声带白斑1例,任克水肿1例。随访3周至3个月,有效率100％,无并发症。结论在支撑喉镜难以暴露术野的病例,联合应用鼻内窥镜能很好地暴露术区,特别是喉室、前联合及声带下面等支撑喉镜不易暴露的部位,有利于顺利精确的完成手术,降低复发率,是一项值得推广的声带微创手术技术。