Pathological and biochemical studies on a case of Pick disease with severe white matter atrophy

We report on a male patient with Pick disease who had shown severe white matter atrophy and dilatation of the lateral ventricle in the frontal lobe from an early stage. Upon admission to our hospital 2 years after disease onset, the patient showed apathy, and MRI revealed severe atrophy of the cortex and white matter of the frontal lobe. He died at age 74, 11 years after disease onset. Autopsy revealed severe atrophy of the frontal and temporal lobes, severe loss of white matter in the frontal lobe, dilatation of the lateral ventricles, and cortical thinning. Histopathological examination showed severe loss of myelinated fibers in the frontal white matter and severe neuronal loss with gliosis in the frontal and temporal cortices. Many Pick bodies were seen. Our patient had a rare case of Pick disease predominantly affecting the frontal lobe with severe involvement of the white matter from an early stage. This case suggests that myelinated fibers in the white matter as well as cerebral neurons are primarily affected in Pick disease.     

Intentional mis-reporting of food consumption and its relationship with body mass index and psychological scores in women

BACKGROUND: The reasons for mis-reporting food consumption warrant investigation. OBJECTIVE: To document intention to mis-report food consumption and its associations with psychological measures in women. DESIGN: A total of 184 female volunteers aged 18-65 years, comprising 50 seeking help in primary care to lose weight with a body mass index (BMI) >/=30 kg m(-2) (obese-clinical group) and 134 nurses (nonclinical groups) (BMI <25 kg m(-2), n = 52; BMI 25-29.9 kg m(-2), n = 45; BMI >/=30 kg m(-2), n = 37) were studied. A questionnaire was administered containing three psychological tests (self-esteem, psychological well-being and Stunkard's three-factor eating questionnaire) and new items to address food intake mis-reporting. RESULTS: Overall, 68% of participants declared an inclination to mis-report (64% nonclinical, 78% clinical). Inclination to under-report was 29, 33 and 51% in the three nonclinical groups; and 46% among the obese clinical patients. Among the same groups, inclination to over-report were 39, 29, 11 and 32%. After adjusting for social deprivation and BMI, women inclined to mis-report had higher hunger (P = 0.008) and disinhibition (P = 0.005) scores than those intending to report accurately. These variables were associated with current dieting, frequency of dieting, self-reported bingeing and dissatisfaction with body weight. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that intentional under-reporting and over-reporting of food consumption are common in women of all BMI categories and are associated with eating behaviour. Current dieting, frequency of dieting in the past, self-reported bingeing and dissatisfaction with body weight seem to mediate this relationship.     

Effect of a Low-Cost Intervention on Recording Body Mass Index in Patients'' Records

PURPOSE: Evaluate the effectiveness of body mass index (BMI) tables placed in exam rooms as an intervention to encourage providers to calculate and record BMI scores in patients' medical records. DESIGN: In a prospective cohort design, medical record data for 276 adult patients at a federally funded community health center in New England were examined from August 2000 to August 2002 following the intervention. METHODS: Prominent, multicolored, laminated BMI tables were posted in the exam rooms of one of the study site's three primary health care teams. Medical record data collected included documentation of BMI calculation in medical records, documentation of an obesity diagnosis, and inclusion of heights and current weights. Frequency distributions were calculated; chi-square tests were used to identify associations. FINDINGS: In contrast to the comparison teams, patients on the intervention team were more likely to have BMI recorded in the medical record. A statistically significant increase in the diagnosis of obesity was observed throughout the health center after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Posting BMI tables in exam rooms contributed to increased BMI documentation in patients' medical records.     

深圳市学生1982年与2003年生长发育指标比较

目的 了解21年来深圳特区小学生身高、体重的变化情况。方法 将2003年与1982年深圳特区4769名小学生身高、体重的资料进行对比分析。结果 2003年与1982年相比。7～12岁男女小学生身高的年增加率分别为4．36％～9．50％和4．89％～7．84％。体重的年增加率分别为21．72％～38．80％和15．47％～33．96％。结论2003年与1982年相比，同龄小学生的身高及体重有了明显的增加。     

食管高密度异物(鱼刺)的CT诊断

目的探讨CT在食管异物诊断中的应用价值方法食管异物10例(均为鱼刺),均行常规CT平扫,必要时加CT薄层扫描,再将CT征象与手术及内镜结果比较结果10例食管异物(鱼刺)均为CT所显示,呈大小、形态不一的稍高或高密度影,其中合并食管出血2例,黏膜下血肿1例,脓肿3例及脓胸1例结论常规CT扫描及薄层扫描在食管异物检查中具有重要意义     

开（牙合）患者舌位置变化研究

目的：研究开He患者的舌位置有无特征性变异。方法：利用舌背碘油造影方法，增加头颅侧位定位X线片上舌背的显影效果，在头颅侧位定位X线片上以舌体在固有口腔内的相对位置确定舌体的位置，通过开He与正常He者知位置的团体t检验比较，找出开He患者的舌位置变异特性。结果：开He患者与正常He者比较，舌根部与悬雍垂之间的间隙增大，舌背部与腭表面之间的间隙减小，舌尖部更靠近牙齿，结论：开He个体相对于正常He个体舌位置有向前，向上的变化特点，这可能是开He的病因之一。     

重组人白细胞介素10的融合表达及鉴定

目的 研究重组人白细胞介素10(rhIL—10)载体在大肠杆菌B121(DE3)pLyse细胞中的表达，为进一步研究IL-l0在动脉粥样硬化中的作用机制奠定基础。方法 用构建成功的IL-l0—PCRT7/NT-TOPO质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)pLyse细胞，并通过SDS-PAGE鉴定融合表达蛋白。结果 PCRT7/NT—TOPO质粒载体成功载入rhIL-l0基因；在异丙基硫代—β-D-半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导下表达的蛋白质主要以包涵体形式存在。结论 在IPTG诱导下，重组的IL-l0—PCRT7/NT—TOPO质粒载体在大肠杆菌BL2l(DE3)pLyse细胞内成功表达。     

107例在院伤残军人抑郁自评量表调查研究及多因子分析

目的了解伤残军人伤残后的心理健康状况。方法用zung’s抑郁自评量表(self rating depressionscale，SDS)为工具，对在院107例特、一等伤残军人进行调查研究。并选择年龄、病程、伤残种类、文化程度、伤残严重度、婚姻等14个因子作自变量，SDS部分作因困变量进行逐步回归分析。结果伤残军人SDS与我国SDS常模比较显示伤残军人分明显增高，二者有极显著统计学意义，并且受X2病程、X12康复疗效、X13参与社会工作等因素影响(P＜0．01)。结论伤残军人伤残后存在有明显的心理健康问题，针对性开展一些康复措施，有利于全面康复。     

奈替米星体液浓度测定的方法学研究

通过对国产硫酸奈替米星注射后人体血尿中药物浓度测定，建立了奈替米星体液浓度测定的微生物法，该方法的检测限为０．０３７５～０．０７５１μｇ，最低检测浓度为０．２５～０．５μｇ／ｍｌ，回收率为８８．８％±３．６３％～９８％±１４．４０％，重复性试验相对标准差为２．２２％～５．３４％；并对１０例健康受试者用药后血标本１００余份进行了微生物法测定和高压液相色谱法测定，对两种方法测定结果的比较发现：微生物法测定的血药浓度明显高于ＨＰＬＣ法（Ｐ＜０．０１），而ＨＰＬＣ法由于需复杂的样品预处理和特殊的色谱条件，测定的血药浓度较低，回收率仅７１．９８％～７６．９６％。不过，两种方法测定结果的相关性较好。本研究结果提示：微生物法测定奈替米星体液浓度简便、易操作、结果准确可信，适用于体液药物浓度测定。     

Effects of low-dose transdermal scopolamine on autonomic cardiovascular control in healthy young subjects

We studied how posture influences the effects of transdermal scopolamine on autonomic cardiovascular regulation in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study of 10 healthy young volunteers. We recorded the electrocardiogram and auscultatory sphygmomanometric and continuous non-invasive finger arterial pressure (Finapres device) to obtain signals for the beat-by-beat R–R interval and systolic, mean and diastolic pressures. R–R interval and arterial pressure variabilities were characterized by power spectral analysis. Scopolamine increased the mean R–R intervals and reduced arterial pressure in both the supine and the standing positions, but did not affect blood pressure variability. Scopolamine increased the total variability of R–R interval and its mid- (0·07–0·15 Hz) and high- (0·15–0·40 Hz) frequency band power in the standing position during controlled breathing at 0·25 Hz. In the supine position, scopolamine did not affect R–R interval variability. In the deep breathing test, scopolamine increased the maximal expiratory–inspiratory R–R interval ratio. This study showed that low-dose scopolamine increases vagal cardiac inhibition in both supine and standing positions in healthy volunteers. However, scopolamine increases heart rate variability only in the standing position during partial vagal withdrawal. The study also demonstrates that transdermal scopolamine decreases blood pressure in healthy young subjects.