利用相关比相似性测度多分辨率配准MR和PET医学图像的方法

采用了全新的相关比相似性测度作为配准的测度准则，提出了有效的磁共振(MR)和正电子发射端层扫描(PET)临床医学图像配准方法。具体设计时，采用了加速的多分辨率的配准方案，对方案中涉及的几何变换选取、重采样、多分辨率体数据表达及最优化方法进行了详细的设计分析。最后，利用多分辨率配准方法，对MR和PET临床医学图像进行配准，给出了令人满意的效果，同时和基于体素灰度的直接配准法相比，配准速度也有了很大提高。     

铅污染区儿童血铅与锌原卟啉、红细胞参数相关性研究

目的探讨铅污染区儿童血铅与锌原卟啉、红细胞参数相关性。方法对云南某县铅锌矿区和县城非铅锌矿区2～9岁儿童共464人进行血铅(BPb)水平、红细胞参数及锌原卟啉(ZPP)水平调查,按血铅水平分为高、低血铅组并进行血Pb与红细胞参数(RBC、HB、HCT、MCV、MCH、MCHC、RDW)及ZPP相关性分析。结果儿童血铅浓度均值154.4ugL,铅中毒率79.1%,ZPP均值2.7uggHb。血铅>250ugL时,血铅与红细胞参数具有相关性(RR:0.637)。高铅组血铅水平与RBC、ZPP有较强相关性(r分别为:-0.975、0.957)。RBC随血铅水平增高呈高度负相关,血铅水平<200ugL时,与ZPP无相关性。血铅水平达～250ugL、～300ugL、～350ugL时,血铅与ZPP具有较强相关性(r分别为:0.567、0.93、0.886)并呈高度正相关。结论随血铅水平的增高,RBC与血铅呈高度负相关,当血铅水平>250ugL时,血铅与ZPP具有高度正相关性,而当血铅水平<200ugL时,与ZPP相关关系不密切,因此ZPP不能作为铅中毒筛查指标。     

农业地区人群恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率与环境中农药暴露的生态学研究

目的 分析农业人群恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率与环境中农药暴露之间是否有关联。方法 收集沈阳市苏家屯区、东陵区、于洪区、新城子区、辽中县、新民县等郊区、县1990—2000年不同种类农药使用量、农作物播种面积和1998—2000年分性别的鼻咽癌、食管癌、胃癌、结直肠肛门癌、肝癌、肺癌、膀胱癌、白血病等主要恶性肿瘤(女性包括乳腺癌和子宫颈癌)发病率和死亡率资料，以农药使用密度为自变量．以分性别、分部位的恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率为因变量，使用SPSS10．0统计软件进行等级相关和线性回归分析，以P≤0．05为检验水平。结果 发病率和死亡率均与相同种类农药使用密度相关，有显著性的是胃癌与除草剂，相关系数均为0．943；男性食管癌、胃癌与农药平均使用密度的相关系数分别为0．829，0．943和0．829，0．943；男性肝癌与除草剂的相关系数分别为0．886，0．829；女性胃癌、肺癌、乳腺癌与除草剂的相关系数分别为0．943，0．943，0．829和1．000，0．943，0．886；女性白血病与杀菌剂的相关系数分别为0．829，0．943。其中除草剂与胃癌、男性肝癌、女性胃癌、肺癌的回归分析有显著性意义。结论 胃癌、男性肝癌、女性肺癌与使用除草剂有显著关联。     

农村优秀生成就目标与心理健康、应付方式的相关研究

目的 探讨农村中学优秀生成就目标与心理健康、应对方式之间的关系。方法 对萧山4所农村中学共224名“优秀生”进行了SCL-90、应付方式以及成就目标定向的问卷调查。结果 优秀生成就目标定向以任务定向为主，自我提高定向和自我阻碍定向随年级的增采而不断增强；成就目标定向中的自我阻碍定向和优秀生心理健康的几个因素均有显著差异；成就目标定向和应付方式之问存在显著相关。结论 高任务定向的优秀生倾向于主动寻求帮助；而高自我阻碍定向的优秀生则倾向于更多地选择回避求助。     

截瘫并发肾功能损伤的相关因素与护理对策

截瘫患者易并发肾功能损伤，针对相关因素，采取相应的护理措施，及时去除诱因，是对截瘫并发肾功能损伤的相关因素的早期防治，是保障良好肾功能的前提，值得临床推广。     

Comparison of the iCare rebound tonometer and the Goldmann applanation tonometer over a wide IOP range

Background The aim of this study was to compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) results measured by the iCare rebound tonometer with those obtained by the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) over a wide range of IOP values. Furthermore, the comfort level of the iCare measurement was evaluated. Method The study included 75 eyes of 75 patients. The patients were divided into three groups (7–15 mmHg n = 25, 16–22 mmHg n = 25, 23–60 mmHg n = 25). The measurements were taken by two independent observers in a masked fashion. All patients were asked about discomfort during the iCare measurement. To establish the agreement between the two devices, a Bland-Altman analysis was performed. Results Overall, the 95% confidence interval of the differences between the two devices was −8.67 to 10.25 mmHg and in 62.7%, the iCare measurement was within ±3 mmHg of the GAT measurements. The distribution of the differences in IOP was similar, from 7–22 mmHg. In the higher IOP range (23–60 mmHg), however, the deviation was almost twice as large. The measurement with the iCare tonometer was well tolerated; 100% of the patients denied any discomfort. Conclusions The iCare tonometer is a mobile alternative to GAT in a low to moderate IOP range, but our findings show a greater deviation than previously reported. In high IOP values, measurements with the iCare tonometer do not correlate well with GAT.     

A comparison of HPLC and bioassay methods for plasma melanotan-II (MT-II) determination: Application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats

The pharmacokinetic profile of the melanotropic peptide, melanotan-II (MT-II), was determined in rats following a 0.3 mg kg^?1 intravenous dose. Regression analysis of the plasma MT-II concentrations determined using HPLC and bioassay methods indicated the existence of a significant linear correlation (r = 0.90, p < 0.001). The plasma concentration versus time plots determined using the two assay methods yielded biphasic disposition profiles that were essentially superimposable. The following pharmacokinetic parameters were assessed from plasma concentration versus time data using both methods: C_max, AUC, CL_s, t_1/2β, MRT V_dβ, and V_ss. Statistical comparison showed that the parameters measured by each method were not significantly different (at the 0.05 level) except for t_1/2β, MRT and V_ss. The presence of even one aberrant data point in the β-phase can significantly influence t_1/2β when only a few data points are available in the β-phase. Since MRT and V_ss were calculated from t_1/2β it is not surprising that these two parameters also differed between methods.     

Cyclin D1和p16、p27在脑胶质瘤中的表达及其与PCNA的相关性

目的 :检测CyclinD1 和p16、p2 7以及PCNA在脑胶质瘤中的表达状况 ,以探讨不同病理类型脑胶质瘤中各自的表达及其相关性。方法 :应用免疫组化S P法 ,检测 12例正常脑组织、5 8例脑胶质瘤组织中CyclinD1 、p16、p2 7及PCNA表达及其特征。结果 :CyclinD1 在由低度恶性胶质瘤向高度恶性胶质瘤转化中阳性表达逐渐增强 (χ2 检验 ,P <0 0 0 5 ,χ2 =5 1 6 7) ;而p16、p2 7阳性表达却是随着胶质瘤恶性程度的升高而降低 (χ2 检验 ,P值均 <0 0 0 5 ,χ2 分别为 15 4 1和 12 81)。CyclinD1 与PCNA呈正相关 ,rs =0 74 5 ;p16和p2 7与PCNA呈负相关 ,rs分别为 - 0 5 6 6和 - 0 6 12。结论 :脑胶质瘤中CyclinD1的表达程度对胶质瘤的细胞增殖活性起促进作用 ,而p16、p2 7的表达则起抑制作用。     

Prediction of drug distribution in vivo on the basis of in vitro binding data

For 11 drugs it was investigated whether tissue distribution in vivo can be predicted by use of binding data obtained in vitro. The selection of drugs represented a broad spectrum of physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties thought to be important for distribution of drugs in vivo. The extent of binding to plasma and to tissue-homogenates of rabbits was determined in vitro. The drug concentrations in plasma, liver, lungs, kidneys, and skeletal muscle of rabbits were determined in vivo after i.v. administration of the drug. The tissue-plasma partition ratios measured in vivo were compared with the theoretical tissue-plasma partition ratios calculated from the in vitro binding data. For all drugs investigated the muscle-plasma partition ratio could be reasonably well predicted by the in vitro binding data. In liver, lungs, and kidneys good agreement was found between measured and predicted tissue-plasma ratio for anionic drugs; marked differences, however, were observed between measured and predicted tissue-plasma ratios of lipophilic cationic drugs. A significant correlation was found between binding of drugs to muscle tissue in vitro and the volume of distribution of the unbound drug (Vf), opening the possibility to approximate Vf from in vitro binding studies with rabbit muscle tissue.     

曲线回归的拟合优度指标的探讨

目的 解决用线性回归的拟合优度指标的计算方法求曲线回归的拟合优度指标时所发生的问题；寻找计算简单、分辨率与灵敏度较高的曲线拟合优度指标，便于实际应用时合理选用。方法 通过从相关系数r到复相关系数R的推导过程的讨论以及对曲线回归拟合优度指标rNL的定义的讨论，找出所发生问题的原因，寻求解决问题的方法。结果 给出一个几何意义清晰、计算简单且分辨率与灵敏度较高的曲线拟合优度指标。结论 几何意义清晰且计算简单、分辨率与灵敏度较高的统一的曲线拟合优度指标（或曲线拟合优度指标对），既适合于非线性回归也适合于线性回归。