Recommendations for the reporting of larynx specimens containing laryngeal neoplasms

The Association of Directors of Anatomic and Surgical Pathology have developed recommendations for the surgical pathology reporting of common malignant tumors. The recommendations for carcinoma of the larynx are reported herein.     

人重组C3片段通过IL-2自分泌效应对CTLL-2细胞产生促增殖作用

目的研究补体Ｃ３片段的体外生物学活性及其作用机理，进一步探讨Ｃ３片段与免疫细胞的关联。方法利用重组ＤＮＡ技术表达纯化Ｃ３活性片段（命名为Ｃ３３），观察其对ＩＬ－２依赖性的小鼠杀伤性Ｔ细胞株ＣＴＬＬ－２细胞的促增殖效应，并通过抗体封闭途径和分子杂交技术研究Ｃ３３作用的机理。结果发现Ｃ３３蛋白对ＣＴＬＬ－２细胞具有明显的促增殖作用，并呈剂量依赖关系；这一作用能够部分地被抗小鼠ＣＤ１１ｂ抗体所封闭，能够完全被抗小鼠ＩＬ－２抗体所封闭；分子杂交显示Ｃ３３蛋白能够明显刺激ＣＴＬＬ－２细胞的ＩＬ－２ｍＲＮＡ表达。结论人重组Ｃ３片段Ｃ３３可通过ＩＬ－２的自分泌效应对ＣＴＬＬ细胞产生促增殖作用，补体受体ＣＲ３参与这一作用。     

增殖细胞核抗原在口腔鳞状细胞癌中的表达

采用鼠抗ＰＣＮＡ单克隆抗体，ＡＢＣ法，对１１例正常口腔粘膜及２９例口腔鳞癌进行了染色。结果表明：正常粘膜仅在基底层中有少量的ＰＣＮＡ阳性细胞，其阳性分级为１级。而鳞癌阳性分级主要是３～４级，随着组织学分级的升高，ＰＣＮＡ阳性表达率也相应增高。经统计学分析，正常组织与鳞癌之间及鳞癌各级均有非常显著差异（Ｐ＜００１）。提示：ＰＣＮＡ的表达与口腔鳞癌组织学分级有关。     

人晶体上皮细胞的体外培养

目的:提供一种简单可行,易于掌握的体外培养人晶体上皮细胞的方法。方法:用无齿显微镊子将晶体囊膜分离出来,剪碎后直接移至细胞培养瓶中培养,当细胞长出融合后,用胰蛋白酶消化传代。结果:接种培养4天后,可见晶体上皮细胞开始长出,并以贴壁方式生长。结论:用此方法体外培养人晶体上皮细胞,具有简单、快捷、成功率高的优点。眼科学报1997;13:170—172。     

Unilateral Meesmann‘s dystrophy

We report the first case of a unilateral microcysticMeesmann‘s epithelial dystrophy, observed in the left cornea of a 43-year-old patient. The diagnosis was verified histologically by the unilateral occurrence of a ’peculiar substance‘ within epithelial cysts and within the cytoplasm of the corneal epithelial cells. In an attempt to resolve thepatient‘s frequent corneal erosions, we performed an autologous stem cell transplantation from the non-involved right eye. The results are, so far, satisfactory. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

A rapid half-cell technique for the pre-screening of polymer fuel cell catalysts

Four platinum-based catalysts with different catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction have been prepared and tested in polymer fuel cells (PFCs) and in half-cells with H₂SO₄ and HF electrolytes. The activity results of PFCs at 0.9 V versus RHE (reversible hydrogen electrode) can be mimicked in parallel by the results obtained in HF electrolyte but not by the results obtained in H₂SO₄ electrolyte. This paper concludes that the pre-screening of a huge number of Pt-based catalysts for the selection of potential catalysts for the PFCs can be carried out by a rapid half-cell technique with a non-adsorbing electrolyte such as HF.     

Rh phenotype prediction by DNA typing and its application to practice

The complexity of the RHD and RHCE genes, which is the greatest of all blood group systems, confounds analysis at the molecular level. RH DNA typing was introduced in 1993 and has been applied to prenatal testing. PCR-SSP analysis covering multiple polymorphisms was recently introduced for the screening and initial characterization of partial D. Our objective is to summarize the accrued knowledge relevant to the approaches to Rh phenotype prediction by DNA typing, their possible applications beyond research laboratories and their limitations. The procedures, results and problems encountered are highly detailed. It is recommended that DNA typing comprises an analysis of more than one polymorphism. We discuss future directions and propose a piecemeal approach to improve reliability and cost-efficiency of blood group genotyping that may eventually replace the prevalent serology-based techniques even for many routine tasks. Transfusion medicine is in the unique position of being able to utilize the most extensive phenotype databases available to check and develop genotyping strategies.     

Proliferative activity of calcifying odontogenic cysts as evaluated by proliferating cell nuclear antigen labeling index

The calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) presents with diverse hlstologlcal features; thus, several subclasslfl-cations have been proposed. To evaluate the slgnlficance of the various histological features and subtypes of COC from the perspectlve of proliferative activity, the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labellng index (LI; the percentage of positive nuclei) was assessed immunohistochemlcally in 25 cases of COC (21 benign and four malignant). All of the benign cases were of the cystic variety and further subclas-sified into non-proliferative subtype (NPS; four cases); proliferative subtype (PS; eight cases); and COC associated with odontoma (COCaO, nlne cases). The PCNA U of the mallgnant COC (65.2 ± 5.6) was slgnlflcantly higher than that of the benlgn COC (11.6 ± 9.0; P = 0.002). Non-proliferative subtype (6.8 ± 2.8) showed the lowest PCNA LI and PS (17.2 ± 11.2) the highest of among the three subtypes of benign cystic COC (P = 0.028). In nine cases of COCaO, six showed epithelial lining of the non-proliferative type as NPS and the other three had lining wlth proliferative features as PS. The PCNA LI of the latter COCaO group (14.3 ± 6.6) was significantly higher than that of the former (6.1 ± 4.3; P = 0.05), as Seen between PS and NPS. These results demonstrate that PCNA LI is a possible parameter for differentiating mallgnant COC from benign COC and, whatever the subtypes, the proliferative features In the lining are the main factor influencing the prollferatlng actlvity of COC.     

胰RNA对离体瘤细胞的杀伤作用及其机制的探讨

在体外培养瘤细胞的实验中,胰RNA提取物对艾氏腹水瘤细胞及其他瘤细胞(S_(180),P_(88),H_(22))有杀伤作用。在胰RNA提取物中,对瘤细胞具有杀伤作用的活性物质不是性凝集素样多糖类物质或能透过半透膜的小分子化合物,而是具有二级结构的低分子RNA。     

PETHEMA ALL-93研究结果:成人高危急性淋巴细胞白血病缓解后维持治疗、异基因和自体造血干细胞移植的疗效比较

4背景 近年，成人急性淋巴细胞白血病（acute lymphoblastic leukemia，ALL）诱导完全缓解（complete remission，CR）率可达80％～85％．5年无病生存率（diseases-free survival，DFS）30％-40％。成人ALL预后的改善可能与采用了包括以大剂量甲氨蝶呤联合阿糖胞苷的强烈巩固治疗方案有关．并与根据疾病危险度进行分级分层治疗、根据疾病亚型制定个体化的治疗方案有关。