SARS-CoV-2对生育的影响

近年严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2,SARS-CoV-2）大流行对人类健康造成了威胁。研究表明,SARS-CoV-2对人类生育能力有潜在影响,对男性生育力的影响远大于女性。目前研究表明接种疫苗可能不会对人类的生育能力存在不利影响。感染SARS-CoV-2会不会发生性传播、垂直传播及母婴传播,从而对下一代产生影响,目前暂不清楚。尚需要从生殖医学科、传染病学科角度探讨SARS-CoV-2及其疫苗对生育的影响,并讨论可能存在的性传播、垂直传播和母婴传播,以提高对SARS-CoV-2及其疫苗的认识。     

孕妇弓形虫感染与垂直传播的研究

目的 :探讨孕妇弓形虫感染对胎儿的影响。方法 :采用酶免三联诊断法对 35 6例母婴配对标本进行血清学检测。结果 :产妇弓形虫感染率平均为 19 1% ,各单项检测分别为循环抗原 (CAg) 15 2 %、IgM2 5 %、IgG3 4% ;新生儿弓形虫感染率平均为 17 7% ,其脐血各单项检测分别为CAg16 9%、IgM0 3%、IgG2 2 %。CAg垂直传播率为 35 2 % ( 19/5 4)。 4例畸胎儿中 1例脐血弓形虫CAg阳性。结论 :孕妇感染弓形虫可通过胎盘垂直感染胎儿 ,应引起围产医务工作者的高度重视 ,加强对弓形虫感染的早期诊断和及时治疗     

丙型肝炎病毒母婴传播研究

目的：探讨HCV母婴传播的可能性及其在流行病学中的意义。方法：应用ELISA方法对2136名产前检查的孕妇进行了抗－HCV检测,抗－HCV阳性者进一步应用PCR检测其HCV－RNA并收集其婴儿脐血进行抗－HCV和HCV－RNA检测。结果：孕妇的抗－HCV阳性率为1.59%(34/2136),抗－HCV阳性母亲的HCV－RNA阳性率为47.06%(16/34),母亲HCV－RNA阳性者发生垂直传播率为53.3%。结论 ：应用抗－HCV评价母婴传播并不合和达,只有通过检测HCV－RNA方能证实感染的存在。HCV确实存在母婴传播,但在人群HCV流行中并非主要传播途径。母新肝功能异常是影响HCV母婴传播的一个重要因素。     

颌骨肿瘤的X线、二维及三维CT影像对比研究

[目的]对比研究常规X线、二维CT和三维CT对颌骨肿瘤显示的优缺点。[方法]对51例颌骨肿瘤患者行常规X线、二维CT和三维CT检查,比较分析三种检查方法对颌骨肿瘤晃示的特征,并与手术病理结果相对照。[结果]对下颌骨肿瘤三种检查方法均能有交地显示,以三维CT显示得最为直观明了。对上颌骨肿瘤,三维CT通过旋转与切割,能够立体直观地显示肿瘤的部位、大小、形状及毗邻关系,尤其对腭板、眶下壁以及颅底骨质破坏的显示更具成越性;二维CT对肿瘤的囊性或实性改变、肿瘤的软组织成份以及颅内受侵情况的显示最为有利;常规X线对肿瘤区牙根周围的改变显示得最为清楚。[结论]常规X线、二维CT和三维CT对颌骨肿瘤的显示各有优缺点,三者结合能提高肿瘤显示的准确性,对颌骨肿瘤的诊断和治疗具有重要作用。     

右肺支气管树的三维分形模拟

肺是天然的非对称不规则体。肺内的气管树呈复杂的自相似的结构。基于最小能耗思想 ,作者根据肺的解剖学数据 ,建立右肺的细分网格坐标 ,通过计算各级分块的质心 ,寻找分叉方向与确定分叉长度 ,以 Open GL 为工具 ,实现了右肺支气管树的三维分形模拟 ,并且得到各级的长度、分叉角度和管径的具体参数。所生成的图形在形态与几何参数上与现有统计数据很吻合。计算得到该模型的分形覆盖维数为 2 .19,与其他学者计算的人体肺的理想维数 2 .17[1 ] 比较接近。该模型为今后用分形思想研究肺的气体扩散传递功能奠定基础。从节省计算机存储、加快图形传输上方面来说也有一定意义     

Resolution of Diabetes Following Vertical Gastroplasty in Morbidly Obese Patients

Case reports are presented on three patients treated for morbid obesity by vertical gastroplasty. Prior to surgery the patients had diabetes which required insulin, up to 200 units per day, or oral hypoglycaemics for its control. Six months after surgery the diabetes had been resolved in all three patients, and they were no longer dependent on medication. Subjective reports from the patients suggests that their quality of life improved significantly.     

Biochemical Changes after Vertical Banded Gastroplasty for Morbid Obesity

A prospective study of biochemical changes after vertical banded gastroplasty for morbid obesity, in 94 patients (10 males and 84 females, ages ranging from 18 to 59 years) has been carried out. Liver function tests and electrolyte estimations were performed preoperatively, during hospitalisation for surgery, at 6 weeks and at 6 months postoperatively, and demonstrated no significant changes in liver function in these patients 6 months after surgery. The study concludes that there is no increase in the risk of liver damage or electrolyte disturbance after vertical gastroplasty, but that there may be subtle hepatic changes present as gall bladder disease developed in 18 patients postoperation (19%).     

成年大鼠纹状体、边缘区和苍白球的计算机三维重建

目的　建立和了解成年大鼠纹状体、边缘区和苍白球在脑中的立体形态和相互关系 .方法　在大鼠脑的连续冠状切片 Nissl染色的基础上通过 Onyx2超级图形工作站应用计算机图形技术进行了三维重建 .结果　边缘区位于尾壳核和苍白球之间 ;尾壳核的立体形态呈近似的内凹半球形 ,从嘴侧到尾侧随着脑平面的增宽尾壳核逐渐向外侧 (即靠近外轮廓的方向 )移位 ,体积为 (37.77± 9) m m3,最大嘴尾径为 6 .2mm;最大背腹径为 4.9m m;最大内外径为 3.5 2 9mm.苍白球呈块形 ,位于尾壳核的内侧 ,除内侧外其他三个方向均被尾壳核包绕 ,体积为 (4.0 5± 0 .0 6 ) mm3,最大嘴尾径为 4.41mm,最大背腹径为 2 .6 45 mm ,最大内外径为 1.5 44 m m.边缘区呈现一个片状扇形结构 ,体积为 (0 .48± 0 .0 2 ) mm3,最大嘴尾径为 1.6 m m,最大背腹径为 2 .15 8m m,最大内外径为0 .17mm;同尾壳核和苍白球一样从嘴侧到尾侧随着脑平面的增宽边缘区亦逐渐向外侧 (即靠近外轮廓的方向 )移位 ,其移位的幅度亦明显大于脑平面增宽的幅度 ;整个边缘区从嘴侧到尾侧呈均匀变化 ,其片状逐渐变宽 ,长度 (背腹径 )逐渐变小 ,从而形成一个盘状结构 .结论　建立了大鼠脑纹状体、边缘区和苍白球的三维立体结构     

Gallbladder Findings after Cholecystectomy in Morbidly Obese Patients

Morbidly obese patients constitute a high risk group for the development of gallbladder disease. In our series 70 consecutive patients underwent vertical gastroplasty in an effort to manage morbid obesity. The mean age was 37 years (range 20-60), and the mean excess body weight was 92 kg (range 52-265). Six patients (8.5%) had undergone cholecystectomy before bariatric surgery because of symptomatic cholelithiasis. The remaining 64 patients underwent cholecystectomy at the time of vertical gastroplasty. Ninety-seven percent of the removed gallbladders had gross or histologic abnormalities, including cholelithiasis 18.5% (13 patients), and cholesterolosis 31% (22 patients). Histologically, chronic cholecystitis was present in all patients with cholelithiasis and cholesterolosis. Chronic cholecystitis alone was found in 27 patients (38.5%) and only two patients (3%) had normal findings. The mean excess body weight of the patients with cholesterolosis (96 kg) was not significantly greater than that of patients with cholelithiasis (89 kg) or chronic cholecystitis (88 kg). Our findings suggest that cholecystectomy should be performed in all morbidly obese patients concomitant with vertical gastroplasty.