固体分散体提高银杏叶片溶出度的研究

目的:通过制备固体分散体提高银杏叶片中银杏叶提取物(EGb)的溶出度.方法:采用溶剂熔融法、喷雾干燥法制备聚乙二醇6000(PEG 6000)和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K17(PVPK17)2种载体材料、不同比例的固体分散体,并比较固体分散体、物理混合物和EGb、市售普通片的溶出特性.对EGb-PEG 6000固体分散体进行差示热扫描(DSC)分析.结果:溶剂熔融法和喷雾干燥法可制备不同比例的PEG 6000,PVPK17的EGb固体分散体,EGb-PEG 6000(1:2)固体分散体片溶出度增加明显,且增溶效果优干EGb-PVPK17固体分散体.结论:EGb-PEG 6000(1:2)固体分散体能有效提高银杏叶片的溶出度.     

1999～2002年上海精神卫生中心抗抑郁药应用分析

目的：了解上海市精神卫生中心近4年来抗抑郁药的用药变化情况，探讨其使用特点及趋势。方法：统计分析了该院在1999—2002年使用抗抑郁药的品种、用量、金额及用药频度、年平均增长率和药品日耗费用等情况。结果：该院在近4年中使用的抗抑郁药金额平均年增长率为13．52％。5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂在4年中年平均增长率达18．78％，用药金额排位前2名。杂环类抗抑郁药物在用药频度上排位前列。新上市的抗抑郁药用药金额年平均增长率为23．88％，但其使用频度仍排位在后。国产氟西汀类药物的上市，使药品的日耗费用下降，用药金额及频度却大幅度上升。结论：在抗抑郁药使用中还存在用药较为集中的问题。合理选用抗抑郁药，除了考虑疗效确切、不良反应较少外，还需考虑价格适中。     

3个不同品种小鼠繁殖性能及生长发育的比较观察

对ＫＭ、ＮＩＨ和ＩＣＲ３个常用封闭群不同品种小鼠繁殖性能及生长发育差异进行比较。结果提示：ＫＭ性成熟比ＮＩＨ和ＩＣＲ小鼠迟,ＩＣＲ小鼠最早;ＫＭ小鼠窝产仔数比ＮＩＨ和ＩＣＲ小鼠多,ＮＩＨ小鼠窝产仔数量最少;ＮＩＨ和ＩＣＲ小鼠离乳率比ＫＭ小鼠高;ＮＩＨ小鼠初生仔鼠平均体重比ＫＭ及ＩＣＲ小鼠重,离乳后ＮＩＨ小鼠体重增长比ＫＭ及ＩＣＲ小鼠快。     

Balloon Dilatation of the Pulmonary Valve in a Patient with Pulmonary Atresia and Intact Ventricular Septum Using a Commercially Available Radiofrequency Catheter

Using a commercially available 5F deflectable radiofrequency catheter, we have succeeded in percutaneous valvotomy of an imperforate pulmonary valve and consecutive balloon dilatation in a baby with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum. After the procedure, right ventricular systolic pressure fell from 125 mmHg to 65 mmHg, and right ventriculography demonstrated anterograde blood flow into the pulmonary arteries. There were no major complications. Doppler echocardiography at 1 year after the procedure demonstrated a pressure gradient across the pulmonary valve of 20 mmHg with mild pulmonary and tricuspid regurgitations.     

Left Ventricular Anomalous Muscle Band and Electrocardiographic Repolarization Changes

A child with considerable electrocardiographic (ECG) repolarization abnormalities is reported in whom, after clinical and hemodynamic evaluation, only a large muscular false tendon within the left ventricular cavity was found. The genesis of the ECG changes in such cases is discussed, and the differential diagnosis from apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is analyzed.     

Variation of Nasal Respiratory Pattern With Age During Growth and Development

The purpose of this study was to determine changes in nasal respiratory pattern with growth and development, particularly to determine the age where upper airway growth ceases. The results on 361 healthy subjects, aged 7 to 24 years, based on aerodynamic measurements during rest breathing, showed clear differences between inspiratory and expiratory phases. Nasal airflow rate and cross-sectional area increased and oral-nasal pressure and nasal resistance decreased with age up to the age of 16, levelling by the age of 20 years. The body size and gender had effect only on nasal airflow rate. This study suggests that the measurements of the nasal respiratory pattern, determining impaired nasal airway, should be done during inspiration and using age-related assesment from a healthy population until the age of 16 years. From then on, guidelines for adults are applicable.     

Embryo developmental stage at transfer influences outcome of treatment with intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Purpose: Our purpose was to determine if embryo cell stage at the time of intrauterine transfer correlates with pregnancy rate in patients treated with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 455 embryo transfer cycles following ICSI and 304 conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer cycles in women aged 40 years or less. Abstracted information included grading of the embryo cell stage and quality at the time of transfer. Results: The overall ICSI pregnancy rate was 30.8%, while that of conventional IVF was 29.3%. However, the ICSI pregnancy rate fell to 9.3% for embryo transfers taking place at the two-cell stage but increased to 35.8% when at least one embryo had more than two cells, and this difference was statistically significant (P≤0.0001). The pregnancy rate following conventional IVF was 22.0% when only two-cell embryos were transferred and 32.0% when at least one of the embryos had more than two cells, but this difference in pregnancy rates was not significant (P>0.05). Conclusions: The stage of embryo development at transfer appears to exert a powerful influence on the successful establishment of pregnancy after ICSI.     

参龙降压灵对自发性高血压大鼠血压及血浆ET、CGRP含量的影响

目的与方法本实验观察了中药制剂参龙降压灵对自发性高血压大鼠（ＳＨＲ）血压、血浆内皮素（ＥＴ）及降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ）含量及心室结构的影响,并与尼群地平（ｎｉｆｅｄｉｐｉｎ）及牛黄降压丸作对比。结果各给药组给药１－８周后血压均比ＳＨＲ对照组明显降低（Ｐ＜０.０５－０.０１）,给药６周后参龙降压灵大剂量组血压下降幅度最大,效果优于小剂量组及其他两给药组（Ｐ＜０．０５－０．０１）。各给药组心室结构各参数多有降低,虽无统计学意义（可能例数较少）,但已显示出心室肥厚逆转的趋势。各给药组ＳＨＲ血浆ＥＴ含量均有明显降低,ＣＧＲＰ含量升高（Ｐ＜０.０５－０.０１）,而大剂量参龙降压灵作用更显著,与Ｗｉｓｔａｒ正常组大鼠含量接近。结论参龙降压灵降低ＳＨＲ血压作用确实,有逆转心室肥厚趋势及调节血浆ＥＴ和ＣＧＲＰ含量的作用,且有一定的量效关系。     

液态媒质中鸡胚心脏瞬间心电向量的综合

目的和方法在电导率不同的2种液态媒质中,采集60个5日龄鸡胚心脏2组相反方向上若干离场源不同距离的测试点心电图,分别比较相同媒质中相反方向上相同距离点的心电图形态和R(r)波振幅,判断该单腔心瞬间心电向量综合的可能性.结果无论是高电导率的生理盐水,还是低电导率的蒸馏水,相同媒质相反方向相同距离点上的心电图皆为正立,其R(r)波振幅的差异不显著(P>0.05);心电在高电导率液态媒质中的衰减幅度远大于在低电导率的液态中的衰减幅度.结论单腔心相反方向的心肌除极所形成的瞬间心电向量可能由于心腔内高电导率血液的衰减效应而无法实现跨越心腔的相互综合.任一瞬间的心电活动可能无法用单一的综合心电向量来表示.     

182例子宫内膜癌的疗效分析

目的：探讨子宫内膜癌的疗效从其预后因素。方法;收集1979年4月至1991年4月随访资料完整的182例子宫内膜癌。全组病人均经手术及术前放疗，部分病人术后放疗。经统计学X2检验分析预后。结果：总5年生存率80.2％，Ⅰ期91.9％，Ⅱ期81％，Ⅲ期56％，Ⅳ期0，临床分期、病理类型、组织学分级、宫体肌层浸润盆腔淋巴结转移是影响预后的重要因素、结论;术前分段诊刮至关重要、放宽1期病例下术指征是提高Ⅰ期盆腔淋巴结转移病例存活率的关键，术前术后放疗是防止复发提高存活率的有效措施。