乌索酸对S-180肉瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用及其机制

目的:研究乌索酸(UA)对S-180肉瘤小鼠抑瘤作用及其可能机制。方法:建立小鼠S-180肉瘤模型,以灌胃方式给药。乌索酸连续灌胃治疗9 d,测量体质量、瘤重、脾重;计算抑瘤率及脾指数;光镜下观察组织结构的变化;流式细胞仪检测乌索酸对肉瘤鼠免疫功能、细胞周期和细胞凋亡的影响。结果:乌索酸对S-180肉瘤小鼠抑瘤率为62.82%,脾指数较生理盐水组增加。光镜下可见大片坏死及凋亡细胞。流式细胞仪分析显示乌索酸具有调节免疫功能的作用;使肿瘤细胞阻滞在S期;肿瘤细胞凋亡率达到24.17%。结论:乌索酸可显著抑制肿瘤生长,其抗肿瘤机制可能与提高机体免疫功能、肿瘤细胞S期阻滞及诱导其凋亡有关。     

16例尤文(Ewing)肉瘤报告及文献复习

对16例尤文肉瘤作临床病理回顾。本组年龄平均17.4岁,男女比例为4.3:1。2/3见于长骨,股骨最多,次为盆骨。病程平均9.5月。最常见的症状是疼痛,其次是肿块,发热一般为低中度热,WBC轻度升高。巨检肿瘤自髓腔经骨皮质浸润软组织,鱼肉状,常见出血坏死。镜下为密集、一致的小圆细胞;纤维组织小梁和形成的不规则小叶;常见假菊团以及出血坏死。本组诊断及治疗大多己属晚期,预后很差,约83%病例1年内死亡。建议重视临床、X光和病理三方面相结合,使本病获早期诊治。     

5－Fu佐剂包裹物的抗肿瘤作用的实验研究

本文作了福氏完全佐剂（Ｆｒｅｕｎｄ’ｓｃｏｍｐｌｅｔｅａｄｊｕｖａｎｔ,ＦＣＡ）包裹５－Ｆｕ的抗肿瘤作用的实验研究。在对小鼠Ｓ１８０肿瘤（腹水型）,ＥＡＣ肿瘤（腹水型）及Ｈ２２肝癌（腹水型）荷瘤鼠的治疗实验中,一次性腹腔注射２ｍｇ～６ｍｇ的５－Ｆｕ（相当于７０公斤人给予７７８～２３３４ｍｇ的剂量）均不能显著延长荷瘤鼠的存活期,盐水ＦＣＡ亦无治疗作用,而５－ＦｕＦＣＡ却显示出显著的治疗效果。４次实验,５－ＦＵ－ＦＣＡ治疗组荷瘤鼠平均存活期３０．６天～４８．３天,均显著长于同次实验的各对照组,且每次实验都有２／８至３／８的荷瘤鼠可完全治愈。     

Laparoscopy and major retroperitoneal vascular injuries (MRVI)

Injury to major retroperitoneal vessels is a potential serious complication of laparoscopy occurring when the Veress needle or trocar is inserted. This report is a review of major retropertioneal vascular injuries (MRVI) occurring during laparoscopy, as these injuries have not been well documented in the literature. A retrospective, observational review of general surgical laparoscopy cases was conducted over a 3.5-year period in three community, university-affiliated hospitals. We identified 4 MRVI in 3591 laparoscopic procedures. These cases were critically analyzed and compared. The incidence of MRVI was 0.1%. All cases occurred with the closed (blind) insertion technique of Veress needle and primary trocar insertion technique with disposable safety shield trocars. All patients sustaining MRVI had acute hypotension introperatively and significant blood loss necessitating postoperative transfusions. Recognition and rapid conversion to laparotomy are keys to enhancing outcome. There is significant potential for morbidity and mortality with laparoscopic MRVI, although each patient in this series was discharged without obvious short-term problems. The advantages of an open approach for primary trocar insertion are numerous and should alleviate the risk of MRVI associated with general laparoscopic surgery.Presented at the annual meeting of the Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES), Orlando, FL, USA, 11–14 March 1995; and the Third European Congress of the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery, Luxembourg, 13–17 June 1995     

Surgical Resection and Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Recurrent Abdominal Sarcomas

Background: Recurrent abdominal sarcomas have an extremely high rate of recurrence and poor overall survival. A prospective study was initiated to assess the feasibility, toxicity, and benefit of surgical resection and intraperitoneal chemotherapy for improving local control of disease and overall survival.Methods: Fifty-four patients underwent surgical excision of all gross disease and postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy with mitoxantrone. Thirty-five patients had peritoneal disease only (stage II), and 19 patients had peritoneal disease with hepatic metastases (stage III).Results: Nine (17%) patients remain free of disease with a mean follow-up of 37 months. The remaining 45 patients (83%) have had recurrence, with a mean interval to recurrence of 11 months. Stage (P 5.001) and grade (P 5.005) were the only two variables found to significantly affect recurrence. There was an overall peritoneal recurrence rate of 48% and an overall hepatic failure rate of 69%. Nineteen (35%) of the patients are alive, with a mean follow-up of 46 months. The overall 5-year survival was 31%. The 5-year survival for stage II patients was 46%; for stage III patients, it was only 5%. Stage (P 5.001) and grade (P 5.056) were the only two variables found to significantly affect survival. There were no treatment-related deaths, and only 5 patients (9%) developed local complications.Conclusions: Aggressive surgical resection and intraperitoneal chemotherapy for recurrent abdominal sarcomas is a feasible treatment approach with minimal toxicity. Although this treatment had little effect on the hepatic spread of this disease and thus overall survival, it appears to have significantly lowered the rate of peritoneal recurrence and may provide a survival benefit for patients with disease limited to the peritoneum.     

Primary spinal column sarcomas

Summary Five cases of primary spinal column sarcomas are presented. Sarcomas primarily originating from paravertebral soft tissues were excluded. Patients' age ranged from 1 to 14 years (mean 8.4 years). The male: female ratio was 23. Two patients had Ewing's sarcoma (ES) originating from L5-S1 and L4-5 pedicles, respectively; two patients had mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MCS) originating from L1-2 pedicles and L5 body, respectively; and one patient had osteogenic sarcoma (OS) of C4 body. All patients clinically presented with pain and progressive weakness of the extremities. The time that elapsed between the onset of symptoms and diagnoses ranged from one to five months. All cases were treated with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and subtotal tumour resection with spinal canal decompression. Two cases received posterior spinal fusion operations. Three patients were alive 10 to 98 months following diagnosis. Only the case with ES of L5-S1 pedicles was in complete remission and off therapy at the 98th postoperative month. The two MCS cases were in partial remission, and were receiving chemoterapy at the time of analysis. These tumours caused similar clinical findings and prognoses, and required combined treatment, which consisted of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy; histologically three different types of malignant tumours are presented in the same category. We preferred surgical decompression and stabilization procedures especially for neurologically symptomatic patients, even if they had extensive tumours with high grades. By spinal canal decompression and stabilisation, we did not intend to cure the disease; however, we intended to provide neurological improvement, spinal stabilisation, improved quality of life, early mobilisation of the patient, and cytoreduction by means of surgical tumour ablation, which could render the chemotherapy more effective.     

The vascular ‘sunburst’ appearance of osteosarcoma: A new angiographic finding

The angiographic analogue of the sunburst, (right angle) periosteal new bone formation in osteogenic sarcoma is described. The angiographic findings in this tumor and their relationship to the pathologic appearance are discussed.     

Non-occupational risk factors for adult soft-tissue sarcoma in northern Italy

The role of socioeconomic and anthropometric indicators, tobacco, alcohol consumption, dietary habits, and medical history in the etiology of soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) was examined in a hospital-based case-control study, conducted in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of northeast Italy, between 1985 and 1990. A total of 88 STS cases (53 males and 35 females; median age: 52 years) and of 610 controls (306 males and 304 females; median age: 54 years) were interviewed. There were significant excess risks associated with a history of herpes zoster infection (odds ratio [OR]=2.4,95 percent confidence interval [CI]=1.1–5.3), chicken pox (OR=2.2, CI=1.2–4.3) and mumps in childhood (OR=2.0, CI=1.1–3.9). History of diabetes was also linked to a nonsignificant increase in STS risk (OR=1.8, CI=0.6–5.4), whereas exposure to radiation for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes was not related to the probability of developing STS. None of the investigated socioeconomic and anthropometric indicators seemed to affect STS risk; neither did tobacco smoking, nor consumption of alcohol, coffee, and tea beverages. Conversely, among the dietary habits investigated, a significant positive association emerged with an increasing frequency of consumption of dairy products (% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhiov2D% aebbfv3ySLgzGueE0jxyaibaiiYdd9qrFfea0dXdf9vqai-hEir8Ve% ea0de9qq-hbrpepeea0db9q8as0-LqLs-Jirpepeea0-as0Fb9pgea% 0lrP0xe9Fve9Fve9qapdbaqaaeGacaGaaiaabeqaamaabaabcaGcba% Gaae4XdmaaCaaaleqabaGaaGOmaaaaaaa!3DA2!\[{\rm{\chi }}^2\]for trend=6.8, P<0.01) and oil (% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhiov2D% aebbfv3ySLgzGueE0jxyaibaiiYdd9qrFfea0dXdf9vqai-hEir8Ve% ea0de9qq-hbrpepeea0db9q8as0-LqLs-Jirpepeea0-as0Fb9pgea% 0lrP0xe9Fve9Fve9qapdbaqaaeGacaGaaiaabeqaamaabaabcaGcba% Gaae4XdmaaCaaaleqabaGaaGOmaaaaaaa!3DA2!\[{\rm{\chi }}^2\]for trend=4.3, P<0.05), while a negative association was seen for intake of whole grain bread and pasta (OR for highest cf lowest tertile=0.4, CI=0.2–0.9).Support for this project was contributed by the Italian Association for Cancer Research, Milan, and the Italian National Research Council (CNR Applied Project Oncology, Contract 87.01544.44).     

Overexpression and purification of enzymatically active recombinant integrase protein of rous sarcoma virus

The carboxy-terminal domain of polymerase gene of Rous sarcoma virus was cloned into an expression vector under the control oflac regulatory elements, resulting in the plasmid pMF1413. Upon isopropyl--D-thiogalactopyranoside induction, viral integration (IN) protein was expressed in large quantity inEscherichia coli. The expressed recombinant protein was prepurified by successive washing of the bacterial pellet with 0.1 M NaCl and detergents. Further purification was performed in high yield by standard chromatography methods. The purified enzyme revealed selective DNA cleaving activity on supercoiled plasmid with the LTR-LTR junction fragment. The reaction was metal ion dependent, with a preference for Mn²⁺ over Mg²⁺, and showed substrate specificity at 1 mM MnCl₂.