靶控输注法对丙泊酚复合不同浓度芬太尼的临床观察

目的观察靶控输注丙泊酚和不同浓度芬太尼的临床效应。方法38例行下腹部手术的患者,随机分为2组,靶控输注丙泊酚3mg.mL-1分别复合芬太尼2ng.mL-1(A组)及4ng.mL-1(B组)。观察2组病人在麻醉前、气管插管后、切皮后的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、心率变异性指数(LF/HF),并于气管插管后、切皮后、手术30,60,90及120min,观察2组病人的脑电双频指数(BIS)变化。结果A组病人在气管插管后,MAP、LF/HF均显著高于麻醉前;切皮后MAP、HR、LF/HF与麻醉前比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。B组各指标在气管插管、切皮后与麻醉前比较,均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。2组各时间点的BIS值在35~58,组间比较无显著性差异。结论靶控输注丙泊酚3mg.mL-1伍用芬太尼4ng.mL-1,可以有效抑制气管插管和切皮反应,并可获得满意的麻醉深度;而伍用芬太尼2ng.mL-1可以有效抑制切皮反应,但不能抑制气管插管反应。     

右美托咪定靶控输注在冠状动脉搭桥术中的作用

【摘要】 目的 研究右美托咪定靶控输注在冠状动脉搭桥术 (CABG) 中的作用。方法 纳入2015年1 月~2017年10月于我院行CABG治疗的94例冠心病患者,数字法随机分为观察组与对照组,每组各47例。两组均采用常规气管插管全麻,观察组在此基础上进行右美托咪定靶控输注,对照组输注等量生理盐水。将麻醉诱导前、麻醉后、插管前、插管后及插管后5min设为T0、T1、T2、T3、T4,比较各时间点两组动脉舒张压（DBP）、收缩压（SBP）、平均动脉压（MAP）、心率（HR）、HR与SBP乘积（RPP）以及手术时间、拔管时间、苏醒时间。结果 两组T0、T1、T2 HR、RPP比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞005）,T3、T4观察组HR低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜005）; 两组T0、T1、T2DBP、SBP、MAP比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞005）,T3、T4观察组DBP、SBP、MAP均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜005）;两组手术时间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞005）;观察组苏醒时间、拔管时间低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜005）。结论 冠心病冠状动脉搭桥术治疗运用右美托咪定靶控输注能够降低插管后血压与心率,即减轻气管插管时心血管反应及心肌耗氧。     

A prospective,multicenter phase II study of continuous infusion of FLAG for patients older than 60 yr with resistant acute myeloid leukemia: a comparison with intensive younger patients’ trial

Relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML) in elderly (≥60 yr old) patients were eligible. Induction chemotherapy consisted fludarabine and cytarabine (ARAC) as a 24‐hr CI without idarubicin (C‐FLAG), which was compared with the results of C‐FLAG with idarubicin (CI‐FLAG2) in younger patients’ trial. A total of 33 and 68 patients were enrolled in C‐FLAG and CI‐FLAG2, respectively. CR, CRp, and CRi were achieved in 10 (30.3%), 3 (9.1%), and 2 (6.1%), respectively. When comparing outcomes between C‐FLAG and CI‐FLAG2, there were no difference in terms of CR rate (P = 0.572) and objective response rate (ORR; P = 0.899). Favorable predictors on ORR in C‐FLAG were PB WBC ≤ 20K/uL at salvage (P = 0.024) and early evaluation peripheral BLAST = 0% (P = 0.013) on multivariate analysis. The overall survival of patients who achieve CR/CRp/CRi showed significantly prolonged survival compared with patients who did not in C‐FLAG (P < 0.001) and was a favorable predictor of longer survival by multivariate analysis (P = 0.009). Median overall survival was 3.19 (95% CI, 2.05–4.33) months and similar with that of CI‐FLAG2 (P = 0.841). Attenuated salvage regimen C‐FLGA in elderly patients was as effective as more intensive younger patients’ regimen CI‐FLAG2 in terms of response and survival although elderly patients had more unfavorable clinical characteristics.     

Role of Subordination in Nephritis of Socially Stressed Mice

A behavioral etiology of interstitial nephritis of male CBA mice chronically exposed to psychosocial stress is suspected. The blood urea nitrogen of these animals is inversely proportional to social status as measured by behavior and the appearance of fur. Blood pressure measurement tends toward an opposite relationship. Since subordinates have difficulty urinating in the presence of dominants and suffer from overfilled bladders, their fatal tubulointerstitial involvement may originate with repeated episodes of urinary reflux.     

Effects of differential privacy techniques: Considerations for end users

We study the effects of differentially private (DP) noise injection techniques in a survey data setting, using the release of cost of early care and education estimates from the National Survey of Early Care and Education as a motivating example. As an example of how DP noise injection affects statistical estimates, our analysis compares the relative performance of DP techniques in the context of releasing estimates of means, medians, and regression coefficients. The results show that for many statistics, basic DP techniques show good performance provided that the privacy budget does not need to be split over too many estimates. Throughout, we show that small decisions, such as the number of bins in a histogram or the scaling of a variable in a regression equation, can have sometimes dramatic effects on the end results. Because of this, it is important to develop DP techniques with an eye towards the most important aspects of the data for end users.     

Systematic patient involvement for homebased outpatient administration of complex chemotherapy in acute leukemia and lymphoma

Based on experience with comprehensive patient involvement, we present data from implementation of portable, programmable infusion pumps (PPP) for home‐based chemotherapy administration in patients with acute leukaemia and in lymphoma patients receiving (carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, melphalan) BEAM regimen. Data from 84 patients, receiving 177 cycles of PPP administered chemotherapy, showed convincing safety with minor equipment errors encountered and with high patient satisfaction. In‐hospital days could be reduced with 52% out of a total of 1197 treatment days. Homebased PPP has several advantages from a patient perspective and furthermore frees up in‐hospital beds for patients in need of them.     

浅析输液泵的临床应用

简要阐述了输液泵的工作原理,较详细论述了输液泵在国内外临床各科室的广泛应用,在系统分析输液泵与常规注射及输液优缺点的基础上,对输液泵产业的未来发展进行了展望,指出应加大对输液泵的研发力度,在开发通用型和中低价位输液泵产品上下功夫。