Evidence that the enhancement of dopamine function by repeated electroconvulsive shock requires concomitant activation of D1-like and D2-like dopamine receptors

In this study, the behavioural response to dopamine D₁-like receptor agonists (SKF 38393, SKF 81297 and SKF 77434) and D₂-like receptor agonists (quinpirole and RU 24213), administered alone and in combination to rats treated repeatedly with electroconvulsive shock (five ECS over 10 days) or sham, was tested. Agonist-induced behaviour was monitored by automated activity meters and direct observation using a checklist scoring method. Repeated ECS (compared to sham controls) had no significant effect on the behavioural response to SKF 38393 (7.5 mg/kg SC), SKF 81297 (0.2 mg/kg SC), SKF 77434 (0.1 mg/kg SC), quinpirole (0.1 and 0.25 mg/kg SC) or RU 24213 (0.3 mg/kg SC), when administered alone. In contrast, repeated ECS markedly increased locomotion (activity counts and scores) induced by the non-selective dopamine agonist apomorphine (0.5 mg/kg SC) and by co-administration of a D₁-like agonist plus a D₂-like agonist [SKF 38393 (7.5 mg/kg SC) plus quinpirole (0.25 mg/kg SC), SKF 81297 (0.2 mg/kg SC) plus quinpirole (0.1 mg/kg SC), and SKF 77434 (0.1 mg/ kg SC) plus RU 24213 (0.3 mg/kg SC)]. This ECS-induced enhancement of dopamine-mediated behaviour was observed for up to 3 weeks after cessation of ECS treatment. In addition, ECS also enhanced the locomotor response to intra-accumbens SKF 38393 plus quinpirole (0.4 and 1.0 μg/side, respectively). These results provide evidence that the enhancement of dopamine function by repeated ECS requires concomitant stimulation of both D₁-like and D₂-like receptors, and that this effect is long-lasting. Received: 24 January 1997 /Final version: 5 March 1997     

婴幼儿先心病的体外循环研究

目的 :婴幼儿心内直视手术体外循环的研究。方法 :临床 115例婴幼儿分为体外循环管道不定型 (A组 )和体外循环管道定型 (B组 )两组。A组应用进口膜肺 35例 (5 7% ) ,鼓泡式氧合器 2 6例 (43% ) ,体外循环管道是临时改装。B组应用进口膜肺 4 9例 (91% ) ,鼓泡式氧合器 5例 (9% ) ,体外循环管道选择配置成型的婴幼儿管道 ,直径 6mm ,长度 10 0cm。结果 :两组患儿的年龄、体重无统计学差异 (P >0 0 1)。B组与A组相比 ,体外循环中晶体预充量由 (5 16± 172 )ml减少至 (40 0± 10 9)ml,差异性显著 (P <0 0 1)。总液量由 (933± 2 39)ml减少至 (6 2 5±171)ml,差异性显著 (P <0 0 1)。全血预充量由 (414± 183)ml减少至 (87± 10 6 )ml,差异性显著 (P <0 0 1)。两组稀释度无统计学差异 (P >0 0 1)。术后呼吸机辅助时间由 (2 4 4± 2 3 9)h缩短至 (13 2± 9 1)h ,差异性显著(P <0 0 1)。ICU时间由 (2 8± 1 5 )d缩短至 (1 6± 0 9)d ,差异性显著 (P <0 0 1)。全组 115例死亡 3例 (2 6 % )。结论 :选用优质婴幼儿膜肺 ,规范体外循环管道 ,总预充量控制在 5 0 0ml以下 ,保持较高的胶体渗透压是婴幼儿体外循环的关键     

Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial evaluating the treatment of plantar fasciitis with an extracoporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) device: a North American confirmatory study.

Despite numerous publications and clinical trials, the results of treatment of recalcitrant chronic plantar fasciitis with extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) still remain equivocal as to whether or not this treatment provides relief from the pain associated with this condition. The objective of this study was to determine whether extracorporeal shock wave therapy can safely and effectively relieve the pain associated with chronic plantar fasciitis compared to placebo treatment, as demonstrated by pain with walking in the morning. This was set in a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, confirmatory clinical study undertaken in four outpatient orthopedic clinics. The patients, 114 adult subjects with chronic plantar fasciitis, recalcitrant to conservative therapies for at least 6 months, were randomized to two groups. Treatment consisted of approximately 3,800 total shock waves (+/-10) reaching an approximated total energy delivery of 1,300 mJ/mm(2) (ED+) in a single session versus placebo treatment. This study demonstrated a statistically significant difference between treatment groups in the change from baseline to 3 months in the primary efficacy outcome of pain during the first few minutes of walking measured by a visual analog scale. There was also a statistically significant difference between treatments in the number of participants whose changes in Visual Analog Scale scores met the study definition of success at both 6 weeks and 3 months posttreatment; and between treatment groups in the change from baseline to 3 months posttreatment in the Roles and Maudsley Score. The results of this study confirm that ESWT administered with the Dornier Epos Ultra is a safe and effective treatment for recalcitrant plantar fasciitis.     

肝脏移植后的免疫损伤与热休克蛋白的表达

目的 探讨肝脏移植后的免疫损伤与几种主要分子伴侣(热休克蛋白)表达状况之间的内在规律。方法 34份移植后肝脏穿刺标本和10份正常肝脏标本，分为A(无排斥反应)组、B(轻／中度急性排斥反应)组、C(重度急性排斥反应)组、D(慢性排斥反应／肝纤维化)组、E(对照)组。进行HSP60、HSP70、HSP90、HO—1等四种分子伴侣免疫组织化学分析和图像分析。结果 B和C组各指标间无统计学差异，A、D、E与B、C组间有统计学差异。HSP60在移植肝脏中表达降低，排斥反应发生时高；HSP70和HSP90在移植肝脏中升高。HO—1肝脏移植后升高。结论 不同种类的热休克蛋白依据自身表达的特点对移植后的免疫损伤作出反应，体现了细胞的自我保护机制。     

体表电位标测微机系统(Ⅰ型)

本系统的107个电极中,103个分布于胸、背部,1个为参考电极,1个为V_3,其余用于肢导。本系统除能绘出2、4、8ms任意间隔的103通道同步的体表等电位图,常规12导联和V_(7 9)心电图,胸、背部位的心电图外,还可记录R峰值等电位图,∑R,Q波等电位图,nQ30、40,极大、极小轨迹图等。     

Lithium increases slow wave sleep: possible mediation by brain 5-HT2 receptors?

The effect of lithium on slow wave sleep (SWS) was studied in ten normal male volunteers using home based cassette sleep recording and automatic sleep stage analysis. Lithium increased SWS, an effect consisten with a reduction in brain 5-HT₂ receptor function.     

纳洛酮与山莨菪碱、躯体刺激对内毒素休克狗血流动力学影响的比较

静脉给予纳洛酮2mg/kg期间可使内毒素休克狗的平均动脉压(MAP)、左心室收缩压(LVSP)及其一阶导数(±dp/dt max)和心力环面积(CFU)增加,但对肾血流量(RBF)、尿量及20h的存活率无明显影响。将本实验结果与山莨菪碱、躯体刺激效应进行比较,表明三者中山莨菪碱对休克动物的循环改善作用最明显。     

尿结石理化性质检测在体外冲击波碎石中的意义

对３２例的尿结石采用化学定量分析法进行化学成分分析，利用材料力学原理和方 法测定密度、硬度和抗压强度，并对其中１３例的尿结石作体外碎石试验。结果表明碎石所需 冲击次数与结石成分有关，尤其是草酸钙结石所需冲击次数明显增加；冲击次数与结石物理特 性有关，随结石硬度增加而增加。因此，检测尿结石理化性质在体外冲击波碎石中具有重要意 义。     

Protective role of estradiol in extremal states

Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Radiobiology, Medico-Biological Faculty, Russian National Medical University, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences P. V. Sergeev.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol, 114, No. 11, pp, 497–500, November, 1992.     

体外循环后鱼精蛋白不良反应的预防(附64例报告)

目的探讨体外循环不同途径给予鱼精蛋白所产生的不良反应及地塞米松对这些不良反应的预防作用。方法将 6 4例患者按给药途径及是否预防性给予地塞米松分为 4组 :A1,A2 ,B1和B2 组。A组升主动脉给药 ,B组颈内静脉给药 ;A1,B1组给予地塞米松 ,A2 ,B2 组不给予地塞米松。观察各组注射鱼精蛋白后 3,10 ,2 0 ,30min平均动脉压 (meanarterialpressure ,MAP)、平均肺动脉压 (meanpulmonaryarterialpressure ,MPAP)及气道压力(airwaypressure ,AP)的变化。结果A1组各时间点数据无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,A2 组给予鱼精蛋白 3min后血压下降 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;B1组给予鱼精蛋白 3min后血压下降 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,气道压力升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,B2 组给予鱼精蛋白 3,10 ,2 0min后血压明显下降 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1) ,气道压力升高 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1)。结论从主动脉根部注射鱼精蛋白对血流动力学影响较静脉给药小 ,地塞米松对鱼精蛋白的副作用有一定的预防作用