Body weight set point studies in weanling rats with dorsomedial hypothalamic lesions (DMNL rats)

In order to further characterize a previously postulated "organismic" set point, weanling DMNL and control (CON) rats were maintained on lab chow ad lib (AL) for 55 post-operative days. Subsequently, some DMNL and CON rats were food-restricted (REST) to 80% of the food intake of their AL-fed counterparts for 24 days. At this point, representative rats from each group were killed by decapitation and the remaining animals were re-fed AL and killed 7 and 22 days thereafter. At the end of REST, both DMNL and CON showed significant weight loss, which was greater in CON than in DMNL rats. After 7 days of refeeding, DMNL rats normalized their body weights but re-fed CON still weighed less than AL-fed CON 22 days after refeeding. Food intake in formerly REST groups overshot on refeeding for 7 days, but this was significant only in DMNL rats. Notably, during this time formerly REST-DMNL ate as much as AL-fed CON. Efficiency of food utilization was normal in DMNL during AL feeding and became reduced on REST as it did in REST-CON. Notably, on refeeding formerly REST-DMNL rats overshot that of AL-fed DMNL rats by the same magnitude as previously REST-CON overshot the values of AL-fed CON. After 22 days of refeeding, this overshoot was still evident in DMNL but not in CON. At the end of the REST period, plasma insulin and glucose were similar in AL-fed DMNL and AL-fed CON. They were significantly and comparably reduced in both REST-DMNL and REST-CON compared to the AL-fed DMNL and AL-fed CON. On refeeding these changes normalized within seven days. At the end of REST, plasma free fatty acid concentrations were higher in REST-DMNL and REST-CON than in AL-fed DMNL and AL-fed CON. After seven days of refeeding they normalized only in formerly REST-CON. Plasma glycerol and total protein were normal throughout all groups, as was carcass protein. Carcass fat was equivalently reduced in both DMNL and CON at the end of REST and normalized 7 days after refeeding. AL-DMNL had the same carcass fat as AL-CON and REST-DMNL had the same carcass fat as REST-CON. In conjunction with previously reported normal anabolic hormone levels the data suggest that DMNL rats are not growth-retarded but are merely scaled down in size without compromise of their homeostatic competence. We take this as strong evidence for the existence of an "organismic" set point.     

基于数据挖掘的刺络放血疗法治疗 外感发热的选穴规律研究

〔摘 要〕 目的：探究基于数据挖掘的刺络放血疗法治疗外感发热的选穴规律。 方法：2019 年 7 月至 2019 年 12 月采 用 Excel 2019 建立刺络放血数据仓库模型,随后下载、筛选已建数据库中刺络放血疗法治疗外感发热的文献资料,以及所 需信息的录入,借助建立的刺络放血数据库平台,对其进行数据挖掘。 结果：纳入刺络放血疗法治疗外感发热的文献共计 63 篇,其中刺络放血针具三棱针使用频次最高,刺络放血刺法使用频次最高的为点刺;刺络放血治疗未配合拔罐的研究 占比 80 %;采用刺络放血配合疗法的有 46 项,占比 73 %,其中以拔罐使用频次最高。 结论：刺络放血疗法治疗外感发热 以三棱针点刺治疗为主,且部分研究常配合其他疗法以明显提升治疗效果,但配合拔罐治疗临床应用较少。     

海口市7~14岁儿童腰围界值点及其肥胖相关性分析

目的分析海口市7~14岁儿童在超重和肥胖层面的腰围界值点,为儿童超重和肥胖防治策略制定提供科学依据。方法利用2016—2019年“海南省学生健康档案管理系统”,采用PPS抽样方法抽取海口220所中小学校,对学校整群抽样7~14岁儿童调取身高、体重和腰围数据进行整理分析。结果共计分析283054名7~14岁儿童,各年龄组儿童的平均腰围值和百分位点腰围值均低于全国平均腰围,腰围均随着年龄增长而持续增加。各年龄组儿童腰围男生均大于女生(P<0.0001),城市均高于农村(P<0.0001)。在超重层面,男童和女童界值点集中P 75~P 80(56.50~71.75 cm)、P 80~P 85(54.50~68.50 cm)。在肥胖层面,男童7~11岁和12~14岁的界值点分别是P 85(58.5~72.50 cm)、P 90(75.50~79.50 cm),女生7岁和8~14岁的界值点范围在分别是P 85(56.50 cm)和P 90(59.85~71.50 cm)。结论该地区在超重层面,男童和女童的界值点分别为56.50~71.75 cm和54.50~68.50 cm;肥胖层面,男童和女童的界值点分别是58.50~79.50 cm和56.50~71.50 cm。除了男生7岁和女生9岁超重界值点及女生青春期前8~10岁肥胖界值点外,其他各年龄组超重和肥胖界值点与全国的一致。     

穴注法对大鼠慢性萎缩性胃炎胃粘液屏障的影响

目的 观察穴位注射对大鼠不同程度慢性萎缩性胃炎（CAG）时胃粘液屏障的影响。方法 以不同浓度的N－甲基－N－硝基亚硝基胍（MNNG）复制出不同程度的大鼠CAG模型。在成功造模的基础上,以黄芪注射液与当归注射液乘发混合穴注足三里对其进行治疗,观察其对CAG病变情况及胃粘膜氨基乙糖与磷脂值的影响。结果 胃粘膜损伤指数、萎缩、肠化、异型增生或两者合见者随着造模浓度的增加而增加,穴注组可明显改善胃粘膜损伤指数及治疗相关病变（P均＜0.01）;随着造模浓度的增加,胃粘膜氨基乙糖及磷脂值显著下降,而穴注组可明显提高这两项指标（（P匀＜0.01）;胃粘膜损伤指数与氨基乙糖及磷脂值呈负相关（P均＜0.010。结论 随着CAG程度的加重,胃粘膜氨基乙糖及磷脂值明显下降,胃粘液屏障功能受损。穴注法可明显提高胃粘膜氨基乙糖及磷脂值,通过加固胃粘液屏障,以防止CAG。     

耳穴特异性与生物分子活性的关系

目的　研究耳穴特异性与机体生物分子活性之间的关系。方法　通过 18例SLE患者和 17位健康者的同体双盲试验及统计和相关分析 ,并结合抗体基因结构与功能的研究。结果　证实耳穴电特性具有反应SLE病理变化的特异性 ;7项抗体指标 (含DNA、补体、类风湿因子、免疫球蛋白等 )与耳穴电特性存在不同程度的相关性。结论　耳穴特异性与机体生物分子活性存在密切的联系 ;耳穴反应病变的特异性可能源于机体内生物分子的活性 ,其中包括基因突变、基因表达及其调控。     

人脑星形细胞瘤PTEN基因的突变

目的 探讨phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN)基因突变在人星形细胞瘤发生和恶性进展中的作用。方法 应用聚合酶链反应－单链构象多态性结合银染技术检测星形细胞瘤PTEN基因第5外显子区域的突变情况。结果 10例正常脑组织和10例良性脑膜瘤均无点突变发生,62例星形细胞瘤中7例（11．29％）有点突变发生,并且点突变发生与星形细胞瘤病理分级明显相关（P＜0．05）,其中高恶性度星形细胞瘤（Ⅲ－Ⅳ级）突变率（18．91％）明显高于低恶性度（Ⅰ－Ⅱ级）星形细胞瘤（P＜0．05）。结论 PTEN基因突变与星形细胞瘤病理分级关系密切,属于星形细胞瘤恶性进展的后期事件。     

HBV 基因T1862突变真核表达载体的构建及在Cos7细胞中的表达

目的研究HBV T1862变异的生物学意义。方法采用分子生物学方法,构建HBV前C/C基因EB病毒真核表达载体,利用体外定点突变技术诱导前C/C基因T1862变异,经PCR-RFLP初筛并经测序终鉴定出阳性克隆后,以脂质体介导方法将突变前后的重组质粒转染Cos7细胞, 以ELISA 检测HBeAg的表达量。结果未突变的重组质粒可稳定表达HBeAg,突变后的重组质粒未能检测到HBeAg表达。结论 HBV前C/C基因1862点突变的真核表达载体的构建,为体外研究该点突变引起HBV的一系列生物学改变奠定基础。     

从心身同治角度针灸对乳腺癌关节痛患者生命质量改善的临床研究

目的:评价基于《黄帝内经》心身疾病病因的整体选穴与乳腺癌芳香化酶抑制剂(AI)关节痛局部配穴相结合的针灸方法,对乳腺癌康复期AI关节痛患者生命质量及局部关节症状的临床疗效。方法:选取2019年1月至2021年5月南京医科大学第一附属医院乳腺外科筛选使用唑来膦酸的乳腺癌AI患者232例作为研究对象,依据针灸意愿分为对照组(n=19)和观察组(n=16),对照组采用唑来膦酸常规镇痛,观察组在唑来膦酸的基础上采用整体及局部取穴相结合的方法针灸治疗,共治疗4周,分别评价治疗前、治疗2周、4周、8周时的乳腺癌患者生命质量量表(FACT-B)生命质量评分以及简明疼痛评估量表(BPI-SF)关节痛评分,同时评估针灸治疗的安全性。结果:治疗4周以及8周时观察组FACT-B生命质量评分较对照组高,治疗4周时观察组BPI-SF疼痛评分较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:采用整体配穴调和心身与局部选穴缓急止痛相结合的针灸方法对乳腺癌康复期AI患者的生命质量以及局部关节症状有较好的临床疗效。     

耳后皮瓣血管的显微外科解剖学基础

目的:研究颞浅动脉和耳后动脉之间的血管联系,以确定带不同血管蒂的耳后皮瓣的血供范围和皮瓣设计。方法:8具新鲜成人尸体经双侧颈总动脉灌注氧化铅-明胶混合液。掀起全层头皮和面部皮肤,将其展平摄X光片。结果:血管造影显示颞浅动脉和耳后动脉之间存在两种类型的血管吻合:一种是耳后区直接吻合,即在耳廓后面上方皮肤内可见颞浅动脉和耳后动脉发出的耳支之间存在直接吻合;另一种是头皮区网状吻合,即在耳上方头皮内可见来自颞浅动脉顶支和耳后动脉终末支之间的网状吻合。结论:本文结果有助于外科医生了解颞浅动脉和耳后动脉之间的血管联系,对耳后皮瓣的设计和改进提供可靠的解剖学基础。