复方保和丸治疗糖尿病胃轻瘫的疗效

目的 了解复方保和丸对糖尿病胃轻瘫的疗效。方法 治疗组40例,并设西药治病组32例予以对照。结果 治疗组的症状、血脂、胃电图在治疗前后都有显差异,而对照组则无显差异。结论 应用复方保和丸临床疗效明显,没有副作用。     

Early Arytenoid Adduction for Vagal Paralysis After Skull Base Surgery

Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of early arytenoid adduction in the management of vagal paralysis after skull base surgery. Study Design Retrospective evaluation at a tertiary care skull base center. Methods Aggressive surgical management of skull base lesions has become increasingly popular owing to advances in surgical technique and intraoperative monitoring. Temporary and permanent lower cranial neuropathies occur frequently, especially after the surgical management of lesions involving the vertebrobasilar system and the jugular foramen. An injury to the proximal vagus nerve is usually associated with dysphonia and swallowing dysfunction. An early arytenoid adduction has been employed in 26 patients with a vagal paralysis after skull base surgery. Most commonly, the neurosurgical patient underwent an arytenoid adduction under general anesthesia on postoperative day 2. Results Videostroboscopy after arytenoid adduction demonstrated 76% of patients had complete glottic closure. Of those with inadequate glottic closure, all demonstrated a well‐medialized posterior glottis with a persistent anterior glottal gap. These patients were easily treated with a secondary type I thyroplasty under local anesthesia with sedation resulting in complete glottic closure. Despite excellent voice outcomes, 66% of these patients had dysphagia requiring enteral feedings for nutritional support. Conclusions An early arytenoid adduction is an excellent medialization technique that can be performed safely in the early postoperative period under general anesthesia after skull base surgery.     

甲状腺切除病例喉返神经损伤的分析

目的：研究甲状腺切除术的主要并发症－－喉返神经（ＲＬＮ）麻痹的相关因素。方法：回顾性研究１５６３例甲状腺手术患者的临床资料,重点分析ＲＬＮ损伤与术式、ＲＬＮ在术中是否被分离保护以及与甲状腺疾病的病理关系。结果：ＲＬＮ损伤率是７．８％,与组织病理恶性程度明显相关（Ｐ〈０．０１）,但术中如明确找到ＲＬＮ并加以保护,术后则无ＲＬＮ永外性损害,暂时麻痹仅１．６％。结论：术中对ＲＬＮ的保护应该强调避免医源性     

实验性面神经麻痹次级突触间隙扫描电镜观察

目的：探讨面神经麻痹面肌运动点的兴奋性与运动科板次级突触间隙的关系方法岙神经麻痹模型,应用盐酸消化法制作口轮匝肌招揽世镜标本者观察。结果：压１０ｓ组镒级突触间隙隙沟数量比对照侧减少而变浅。压榨３０ｓ组次级突触间隙隙沟明显减少平坦。结论：运动点失神经支配程度表明次级突触间隙病变程度,也表明面神经受损伤程度。     

Vocal cord paralysis associated with difficult gastric tube insertion

Many clinical reports have described vocal cord paralysis after general anaesthesia. In most cases, paralysis was attributed to tracheal tube insertion. In this report we describe one patient in whom gastric tube insertion was strongly suspected as the cause of paralysis. The patient was a 47-yr-old man who underwent left hepatic lobectomy. Just after the operation he complained of hoarseness and a diagnosis of complete right vocal cord paralysis was made, from which he recovered after eight weeks. In this patient, insertion of the gastric tube seemed to have injured the anterior ramus of the right recurrent laryngeal nerve directly. Although there have been several reports of vocal cord paralysis induced by gastric tubes, none has noted such an acute onset and direct nerve injury. Therefore we would like to report this rare case and elucidate the mechanism of vocal cord paralysis. Careful attention should be paid in inserting a gastric tube to patients under general anaesthesia and, sometimes, the use of the soft tube may be indicated. Plusieurs publications portent sur la paralysie des cordes vocales après une anesthésie générale. Dans la plupart des cas, on attribue la paralysie à l’insertion du tube endotrachéal. Ce compte-rendu se rapporte à un cas où l’insertion d’une sonde gastrique est fortement mise en cause dans l’étiologie de la paralysie. Un patient de 47 ans subit une hépatectomie. Immédiatement après l’intervention, il se plaint de raucité de la voix et une paralysie de la corde vocale droite est diagnostiquée. La récupération s’effectue en huit semaines. Chez ce patient, la sonde gastrique semble avoir endommagé directement le rameau antérieur du nerf récurrent laryngé. Bien que plusieurs observations identiques de paralysie des cordes vocales provoquée par une sonde gastrique aient été publiées, aucune ne rapporte un début aussi soudain avec lésion nerveuse directe. Nous décrivons ici ce cas rare et tenterons d’expliquer le mécanisme de la paralyse de la corde vocale. Il faut être très prudent lorsqu’on insère un tube gastrique sous anesthésie générale et il est parfois préférable d’utiliser un tube mou.     

An external approach without tracheotomy for submucosal cordectomy with laterofixation for bilateral abductor paralysis of the vocal folds

There are numerous surgical procedures now available to manage bilateral abductor paralyses of the vocal folds. These procedures have various success rates but mostly do not offer reliable and predictable postoperative results, and usually require ,tracheotomy. The technique described in this report is based on a trial study to obtain a safe airway for an affected patient and avoid tracheotomy, if possible. Submucosal cordectomy was used with lateral fixation of one vocal fold and preservation of the arytenoid. The procedure was performed by using continuous intravenous anesthesia, which does not require intubation of the patient's airway. Seven patients were operated with this technique with excellent postoperative results. The glottal airway was largely improved in all patients, with only minor temporary complications.     

急性弛缓性麻痹监测筛检指标的探讨

以15岁以下的儿童发生不明原因的急性弛缓性麻痹(简称"AFP")为监测对象筛检脊灰,虽保持着高的灵敏度,但不具有特异度,假阳性率很高。为找出特异性高、操作性强的筛检指标,我们对1991年全省发生的818例AFP病例进行研究。
在818例AFP中,脊灰和非脊灰AFP好发于5岁以下年龄组;87.63%的脊灰病例在发病早期有发热症状,而非脊灰AFP为45.99%。以年龄和发病早期有发热史为指标做筛检试验,并联试验中,灵敏度很高,但特异度仍然很低;用5岁以下(包括5岁)年龄组和发病早期有发热史做串联试验,其灵敏度为81.44%,特异度为65.54%,从ROC曲线上看,把指标定在这里较为理想。从卫生经济角度考虑、着眼于实际工作,对AFP病例开展监测,其对象应为5岁以下儿童,同时伴有早期发热者应视为脊灰高危人群,作为"第一重点"处理。     

Bilateral traumatic abducens nerve paralysis with cervical spine flexion injury

Bilateral traumatic abducens nerve palsy is a rare condition. We report a case associated with cervical spine flexion injury. This may be the first such case report, as no similar case was found in our review of the literature. The mechanisms of injury in this case are relevant to theories that explain hyperextension injuries.     

39例重度周围性面神经麻痹针灸疗效评价

目的 探讨影响重度周围性面神经麻痹恢复的因素，客观评价针灸的疗效。方法 对39例重度周围性面神经麻痹的诊疗过程进行调查分析，将不同治疗方式的疗效结果进行比较，结合文献报道综合分析和评价。结果与结论 重度面神经麻痹尽早使用皮质激素十分必要，而针灸对周围性面神经麻痹早期的治疗作用仍需要进一步的临床研究证实。按照循证医学原则，分阶段深入细致的临床设计，是针灸治疗面神经麻痹临床研究的一个新趋势。