36例慢牲肾功能不全患者血浆心钠素水平的观察

报告３６例慢性肾功能不全患者的血浆心钠素、肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、醛固酮水平及其相互关系。结果表明：①慢性肾功能不全患者的血浆心钠素水平明显高于对照组值（Ｐ＜０．０ｌ）；②慢性肾功能不全患者中并发高血压者与血压正常者血浆心钠素水平相近，但均高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；③慢性肾功能不全患者肾素—血管紧张素—醛固酮系统（ＲＡＡＳ）活性增高，但心钠素与醛固酮无明显相关。提示血浆心钠素测定在慢性肾功能不全的诊断中有重要意义。     

Testicular dislocation

A case of unilateral superficial testicular dislocation following blunt scrotal trauma is described, including CT findings.     

Endothelin-1 in children with chronic renal failure

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) was meansured after extraction from plasma of normal adults (5.9±1.9 pg/ml,n=22), normal children (7.1±1.86 pg/ml,n=29), nonhaemodialysed children with chronic renal failure (CRF) (11.1±1.8 pg/ml),n=10), renal graft recipients (9.5±3.4 pg/ml,n=37), haemodialysed children 24 h after a haemodialysis session (20.02±10.9 pg/ml,n=26) and haemodialysed children before and after a haemodialysis session (15.31±10.6 and 13.8±8.5 respectively,n=14). A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay was used. ET-1 was significantly higher in non-haemodialysed CRF children and in renal graft recipients than in normal children (P<0.001 andP<0.01, respectively) and significantly higher in haemodialysed children when compared with normal children, non-haemodialysed CRF children and renal graft recipients (P<0.001). ET-1 concentrations were similar in normal children and normal adults. ET-1 was inversely correlated with glomerular filtration rate in non-haemodialysed CRF children (r=–0.39,P<0.01) and positively correlated with extracellular volume in haemodialysed children (r=0.435,P<0.03). After haemodialysis, ET-1 increased in 6 and decreased in 8 of the 14 children studied before and after a haemodialysis session.     

下肢静脉机能不全的应变容积描绘仪检查

本文报告我院外科1985～1987年,使用应变容积描绘仪检查下肢深静脉机能不全30例。其中28例同时行Doppler超声检查,27例行静脉造影检查。介绍了测量最大静脉输出量,最大静脉逆流量和静脉再充盈时间的方法和结果,叙述了该技术的原理,在诊断下肢静脉机能不全时,应变应变容积描绘仪是较好的无损伤检查技术。     

Quantitative DNA measurement by flow cytometry and image analysis of human nonseminomatous germ cell testicular tumors

Current clinical staging, which includes the use of serum tumor markers and imaging techniques, fails to identify the 30–40% of clinical stage I (CS I) nonseminomatous germ cell testicular tumor (NSGCT) patients who have occult metastatic disease. Therefore, there is a real clinical need to evaluate new biological parameters of the primary tumor that might be useful as predictors of occult metastatic disease. This study was undertaken to compare quantitative DNA measurements by flow cytometry and image analysis in CS I NSGCT, and to analyze the relevance of these parameters for predicting occult lymph node involvement. Different blocks of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded NSGCTs of 62 CS I patients who underwent retroperitoneal lymph node dissection between 1985 and 1989 were prepared according to the Hedley technique, and analyzed by quantitative cytometry. Thirty-six (58.1%) patients had histologically proven lymph node involvement (pathological stage II), whereas 26 (41.9%) patients (pathological stage I) had neither lymph node metastases according to retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) specimens nor tumor recurrence during follow-up. Concordant results were found in 76.5% of the samples by both cytometric techniques. For flow cytometry, the percentages of aneuploid cells in the S- and the G2M+S-phase were the most robust predictive parameters for lymph node involvement, whereas for image analysis the 5c exceeding rate (5cER) had the most predictive significance. Based on the experience obtained in this study, both cytometric techniques provide additional information on tumor aggressiveness that might be useful in therapeutic selection of early stage NSGCT patients for either RPLND or surveillance only.     

小儿睾丸扭转的诊断与治疗

目的提高对小儿睾丸扭转的临床诊断和治疗水平。方法回顾性分析42例睾丸扭转的临床资料,年龄4～15岁,平均8.5岁。左睾丸27个,右睾丸15个。初诊时间<6h10例,6～24h26例,6例超过24h。初诊确诊为睾丸扭转24例,延误诊断18例(本院7例,外院11例)。结果8例发病后6h就诊者,给予手法复位成功;34例发病时间>6h者手术探查,18例手术探查睾丸已坏死,而行睾丸切除。结论彩色多普勒超声是首选辅助检查方法。提高首诊诊断正确率将有助于扭转睾丸的获救。主张尽早手术及预防性对侧睾丸固定。     

恩必普软胶囊改善慢性脑供血不足患者认知功能的临床分析

目的:探讨dl-3-正丁基苯酞软胶囊(恩必普软胶囊)治疗慢性脑供血不足的临床疗效及对慢性脑供血不足病人认知功能改善的影响。方法:将60例慢性脑供血不足病人随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组30例,治疗组口服dl-3-正丁基苯酞软胶囊,每次200毫克,每日3次;对照组口服复方丹参片,每次4片,每日3次,疗程为8周,治疗前后进行疗效评价和P300数据采样,同时给予同步MMSE、HDS量表评分。结果:治疗组总有效率为70%,对照组总有效率为53.3%,2组治疗后比较差异有显著意义(P<0.05);治疗组治疗前、后MMSE和HDS量表得分情况比较,均有明显改善(P<0.01),与对照组治疗后比较差异有显著意义(P<0.05);治疗组治疗前、后P300波潜伏期及P300波幅差异均有显著意义(P<0.05),与对照组治疗后比较均有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:dl-3-正丁基苯酞软胶囊对慢性脑供血不足病人安全有效。     

两种不同术式治疗下肢静脉功能不全的近期疗效对照研究

目的 评价腔内射频闭合术联合TriVex刨吸术治疗下肢静脉功能不全的疗效. 方法 150例下肢静脉功能不全患者(150条患肢)随机分为A、B两组,每组75例.A组行大隐静脉射频闭合术联合曲张浅静脉TriVex刨吸术,B组行大隐静脉高位结扎抽剥术联合曲张浅静脉TriVex刨吸术.比较两组手术情况、术后4周患者对手术的自身评价、手术前后CEAP(clinic,etiologic,anatomic and pathophysiological classification)分级和临床严重程度计分(venous clinical severity score,vcss)的变化.结果 A、B两组手术时间分别为(67±11)min和(69±9)min(P＞0.05),A组术后疼痛轻、下地时间早、住院天数少、皮下血肿发生率低,但皮下硬结发生率高于B组;对手术的评价A组为(11.21±2.00)分优于B组(10.52±2.08)分,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两组手术前后CEAP分级和VCSS计分变化差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01),A、B两组手术前后VCSS分差为(4.6±2.5)分和(4.3±2.7)分(P＞0.05).结论 利用射频闭合术联合TriVex刨吸术治疗下肢静脉功能不全有效,且微创、并发症少.CEAP临床分级和VCSS临床记分可用于其疗效评价.     

Modulation of bone loss during calcium insufficiency by controlled dynamic loading

Summary Changes in the midshaft cross-sectional area of the ulna were measured in egg-laying turkeys on a diet insufficient in calcium. Left: right comparisons were used to assess the bone loss over a six-week period due to 1) calcium insufficiency, 2) calcium insufficiency plus disuse, and 3) calcium insufficiency and disuse interrupted by a short daily period of intermittent loading applied from an external device. Calcium insufficiency alone in the intact ulna resulted in a 15% reduction in cross-sectional area. In the functionally deprived bones this loss was increased to 32%. In bones where the disuse was interrupted by a single short daily period of loading, the degree of bone loss was significantly modified (P<0.006) to 25%. No significant difference in the modulating effect of loading was achieved by varying the peak strain from 0.0015 to 0.003, the strain rate from 0.01 to 0.05, or the duration of the single loading period from 100 sec per day to 25 minutes. All the loading regimes employed had been demonstrated to be osteogenic in mature male birds on a diet sufficient in calcium.